"6" Extraordinary Mountain Torrents and Debris Flows in Gongshan County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

20 1 1 From 5: 00 pm to 6: 30 pm on June 23, 2008, heavy rain suddenly fell in Pengdang Township and Bingzhongluo Township in the north of Gongshan County, accompanied by strong convective weather such as thunderstorms and strong winds, and there was a single point of heavy rainfall, which caused flash floods, mudslides and wind hail disasters in different degrees in the county. The Bibili River, Shuangla River, Longpo River and Geza River in Pengdang Township broke out. Debris flow disaster and wind disaster caused the county 1 1035 people to be affected, and 500 houses of 250 households were damaged (42 households 168 houses were destroyed), resulting in direct economic losses of about12.5 million yuan; Agriculture was seriously affected, with 2396 mu of corn, 450 mu of tsaoko affected/kloc-0, 200 heads of livestock killed/kloc-0, houses collapsed or washed away 125, resulting in a direct economic loss of 6.45 million yuan. There are 300m stone arch bridges 1 seat with a clear distance of 30m and a height of 9m, 3 bridges and culverts, retaining walls 1.8 million m3, 83 landslides along the highway, and the direct economic loss of traffic facilities is 25 million yuan. 5. Six kilometers of water conservancy projects such as Bibili, Longpo and Gezha were washed away, and Bibili River embankment and 14 rural drinking water safety project were washed away. Five kilometers were destroyed. The direct economic loss of water conservancy facilities reached 4.8 million yuan. The direct economic loss of power grid and communication facilities reached 6.5438+0.27 million yuan. The direct economic loss of Shuanglahe Power Station and industrial and mining enterprises reached100000 yuan. * * * The economic loss reached 44.82 million yuan. Due to the sound early warning and forecasting team and monitoring and prevention system, the organization is strong, the evacuation is timely, and there are no casualties. There were 376 families affected by the disaster, with 1.059 people, including 42 severely affected families, with 1.47 people.

The disaster was mainly caused by the catastrophic mountain torrents and mudslides in Bibiri River that broke out at 6: 30 pm on June 23rd. According to the field investigation, the length of debris flow gully accumulation fan is about 400m, the maximum width is about 130m, and the accumulation volume is about 1 10000 m3. According to the investigation of debris flow, it is determined that the debris flow is viscous. Debris flow has no structure and is a mixed accumulation of unsorted mud and gravel. The fluid is viscous and buoyant, the sludge in the basin is not obvious, and the gully deposits are fan-shaped. According to the investigation of the gully accumulation fan, it is found that the slurry is well mixed with stones, and the coarse-grained substances in the non-slurry part are composed of solid substances such as stones, gravel, trees and sand. It is estimated that the debris flow is about 19kN/m3, and the flow rate is 600 m3/s. ..

2 Monitoring and emergency hedging

After receiving the disaster report, the Bureau of Land and Resources of Gongshan County quickly launched the emergency plan for geological disasters, immediately organized staff to rush to the scene at the first time, carefully checked the disaster situation, and immediately reported to the competent department of land and resources at a higher level, and set up a leading group for land and resources emergency rescue and disaster relief, consisting of five working groups:

(1) Disaster investigation team, responsible for conducting a comprehensive investigation on the hidden dangers of geological disasters existing at the disaster site, ensuring timely inspection, recording and reporting step by step;

(2) Expert investigation team, inviting experts of geological disaster emergency investigation from Yunnan Provincial Department of Land and Resources to rush to the disaster area for emergency investigation, taking charge of technical guidance of prevention and control work, compiling geological disaster prevention plan, emergency plan, disaster site investigation and emergency rescue plan, delineating dangerous areas, affected areas and avoidance areas, putting forward suggestions on setting monitoring points, finding out the causes of disasters, investigating and evaluating the situation, and finally forming a disaster investigation report.

(3) Logistics Support Group, which is responsible for the collection and deployment of emergency tools and emergency materials such as emergency rescue vehicles, as well as the living guarantee of the personnel of the emergency rescue and disaster relief working groups and expert groups of ministries and agencies.

Figure 1 Debris flow accumulation area and small landslides on the other side

Figure 2 Debris flow washed away houses and blocked farmland.

(4) The hidden danger monitoring group is responsible for setting up monitoring points in the dangerous area upstream of the disaster point, establishing an early warning system for geological disasters in conjunction with meteorological and water conservancy departments, formulating a monitoring system, implementing monitoring responsibilities, and monitoring and forecasting possible secondary disasters.

(5) Information materials group, earnestly implement the system of disaster quick report and duty, collect and sort out relevant geological disaster information and emergency rescue and disaster relief work in time, and report the disaster situation to the superior in time. Do upload and release, and the information is smooth.

After the disaster, the Gongshan County Party Committee and the county government quickly set up a leading group for emergency rescue and disaster relief and a field headquarters. People's Liberation Army, armed police officers and police officers arrived at the scene at the first time to rescue and rescue the disaster with the local people of all ethnic groups. The disaster relief work was carried out in an orderly manner, the affected people were properly resettled, and electricity, communications and drinking water were guaranteed. The people in the disaster area have stable emotions, stable people's hearts, orderly life and social stability.

Figure 3 Emergency rescue and protection construction site

3 Experience and Enlightenment

The debris flow disaster was large in scale and serious, but the early warning was timely, the people had a strong sense of disaster prevention and avoidance, the evacuation was orderly, and no one died. It is a case of emergency avoidance that deserves to be summarized and commended. The success of this emergency hedging mainly benefits from:

First, we attach great importance to the investigation and prevention of geological disasters. In the pre-flood geological disaster investigation and planning investigation, the Bureau of Land and Resources of Gongshan County issued "geological disaster prevention and control clear card" and "geological disaster avoidance clear card" to the masses, determined the responsible person for monitoring, and made clear the early warning and forecasting measures, signals and emergency evacuation routes.

The second is to improve the system of early warning and forecasting and group prevention and treatment. When the mudslide broke out, the masses found it and immediately called the police. After receiving the alarm, the villagers immediately ran to make a phone call. In just 5 minutes, all the people in the disaster area were evacuated to safety zones on both sides. When the mudslide occurred, * * * safely transferred 376 households 1059 people. Practice has proved that the group monitoring and prevention system is an important magic weapon for us to overcome natural disasters.

Third, continue to strengthen the publicity and education of geological disasters. Gongshan County Land and Resources Bureau has publicized the knowledge of geological disaster prediction and prevention to the masses many times, which has greatly improved the people's awareness of disaster prevention and avoidance. This shows that only by relying on and mobilizing the masses and actively participating can the prevention and control of geological disasters be effectively implemented.

(The basic information in this section is provided by Sichuan Provincial Department of Land and Resources and edited by Zhuang)