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Otitis media is a common ear disease. Some people don’t know much about otitis media, so they have some misunderstandings about the disease. Let’s take a look at some of the major misunderstandings about otitis media.

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Several misunderstandings about otitis media

Otitis media is a very common problem in life, such as hearing loss and ear canal discharge. People generally think that ear canal discharge is otitis media. Well, in fact, we have a lot of misunderstandings about the symptoms and prevention and treatment of otitis media. Below, the editor will introduce to you the nine major misunderstandings about otitis media.

Myth 1: If there is no earache or ear canal discharge, it is not otitis media

Clinically, otitis media is divided into acute, chronic bacterial (suppurative) otitis media, catarrhal (secretory) otitis media ) There are several categories of otitis media and cholesteatoma otitis media. The main symptom of suppurative otitis media is ear canal discharge. Earache in the acute stage is consistent with our traditional concept of otitis media. However, secretory otitis media does not have ear canal discharge symptoms. Earache is also rare, and may only include symptoms of ear fullness and hearing loss. It is mainly caused by the obstruction of the Eustachian tube and the negative pressure in the middle ear tympanum causing leakage. Since the exudate is non-bacterial, earache does not usually occur. and suppuration, so this disease is easily missed or misdiagnosed, especially children who do not complain of symptoms and are prone to delayed treatment. For example, children with severe hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal hyperplasia and rhinitis and sinusitis are prone to this disease. Parents can pay attention to this when communicating. Check whether your child asks you to speak too loudly or whether you turn on the TV too loudly. If this happens, you should go to the hospital to check whether you have otitis media.

Some people have been diagnosed with otitis media, but they still don’t believe the doctor. They think it was a misdiagnosis, so they will not cooperate with treatment. Some cholesteatoma-type otitis media may have symptoms of intermittent discharge of smelly pus, but some patients may not have this symptom, but only suffer from earache and headache, which are not discovered during examination, so the diagnosis is always missed and not taken seriously.

Myth 2: Non-suppurative otitis media has a lower incidence and less harmful effects than suppurative otitis media

Secretory otitis media, acute otitis media in the pre-perforation stage of the tympanic membrane, and some cholesteatoma-type otitis media may not occur Pus discharge, but the incidence is not low and the harm is not light.

Although there is no exact statistical report on the incidence of non-suppurative otitis media, it is more common clinically than suppurative otitis media. Children are the period of high incidence of effusion otitis media, and the Eustachian drum in this age group is more common. The tube is relatively straight and the nasopharyngeal cavity is relatively small. Rhinitis and sinusitis are more common. In addition, acute upper respiratory tract infection is more likely to stimulate edema in the Eustachian tube mucosa, and secondary Eustachian tube obstruction can cause secretory (catarrhal) otitis media. There is no significant difference in the incidence of non-suppurative otitis media in adults of all ages. It is more closely related to colds and acute upper respiratory tract infections. The main cause is bacterial and viral infection of the nasopharyngeal mucosa involving the Eustachian tube mucosa. Other diseases such as nasopharyngeal cancer are also Can cause symptoms of otitis media, ear tightness and hearing loss. In terms of harm, non-suppurative otitis media often causes varying degrees of hearing loss or even glue ear, which seriously affects hearing. It may even affect the development of speech and intelligence in infancy. Occult cholesteatoma can even cause complications such as facial paralysis, meningitis, and brain abscess. Symptoms are potentially life-threatening. In addition, most patients with chronic otitis media are also caused by improper treatment or delayed treatment of bacterial infection secondary to non-suppurative otitis media.

Myth 3: "Water coming out of the ear canal" and pus flowing out means otitis media

This is because we don't know much about other otological diseases. In the past, "water coming out" and pus coming out of the ear canal was considered to be otitis media.

It's otitis media. Now we know that other otological diseases can also have the symptoms of "water" and pus. For example, otitis externa sometimes shows "water" in the ear canal. When accompanied by bacterial infection, there will be symptoms of pus. The main difference from otitis media It is the performance of the former that the tympanic membrane is intact without perforation. Of course, suppurative otitis media has only a needle-like perforation and is not clearly exposed, and it is sometimes difficult to distinguish it from otitis externa. There are many causes of otitis externa, such as repeated ear picking, diabetic fungal infection, ear canal stenosis and water intrusion, etc. Ear picking is particularly common. Folliculitis in the external auditory canal can cause boils and ulcers, which can also cause pus discharge in the ear canal. Ear canal examination and past medical history can often be used to identify this. Tumors of the external auditory canal, such as papillomas and malignant tumors, may also present with pus when infected by bacteria. Sometimes there will be blood and pus. Pathological examination is the main method of diagnosis. Sometimes such diseases are misdiagnosed as otitis media, but because some of these diseases The patient has a long-term history of otitis media. Therefore, once a patient with otitis media finds granulation growth in the external auditory canal or tympanic cavity and the growth is rapid, pathological diagnosis should be made as soon as possible. Patients with blood pus or earache and headache should pay more attention.

Due to limitations of medical technology in the past, most patients with chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma otitis media were treated conservatively with drugs. If surgery was required, it would take 3 months to more than half a year to stop the pus discharge, but this was often due to middle ear disease. If mastoid inflammatory lesions are not completely eradicated, pus may recur and the tympanic membrane may perforate again. At present, due to the development of otology microscopy technology, tympanoplasty has been widely used in the treatment of clinical otitis media. It can not only completely remove inflammation and cholesteatoma lesions to obtain a radical cure, but also repair the tympanic membrane and reconstruct the ossicles to improve hearing. The chance of recurrence is also reduced. Very low. For patients with recurrent chronic otitis media, surgery can be performed even in the purulent stage, and the same clinical effect can be obtained. Patients with cholesteatoma-type otitis media should undergo surgery as early as possible, without worrying about pus discharge affecting the surgical effect.