What is on-site pay-off? How can I put it?

Setting-out in building construction is one of the basic skills of construction managers. The beginning of every construction project is the positioning and setting out of the construction, which is related to the success or failure of the whole project. It is not uncommon for houses to be dislocated due to alignment errors and fail to meet the requirements of functional facilities. Construction setting-out is an important link to ensure engineering quality.

Lofting technology of general rectangular buildings

The first step of construction setting-out is to recheck the coordinates on the construction general plan of the planned fixed-point position, and the planning technicians will locate it on the spot. However, the planning orientation means that the theoretical value is different from the actual position of the building on the site, so it must be checked and corrected. It has a large area and many related dimensions. There is something wrong with the coordinate design theory. After the design drawing is revised, the fixed point will be planned and the alignment will be re-aligned. The foreign parties connected with it do not match and can only be adjusted according to the actual situation. It is necessary to synthesize the design intent, determine the position according to the actual situation on site, and then lead the control points out of the building protection piles.

The second step is determination.

Axis and elevation of the building. The conventional practice is to drive gantry piles, nail nails and mark the elevation of the red triangle. Then, all layering processes are connected, and the line is stretched upwards in turn; When excavating, spread the ash line, and after tamping the cushion, play the powder line. Special attention should be paid to the position of the column that pops up on the cushion, and it should be marked at the four corners with red paint to facilitate the positioning of the column reinforcement. At the ground beam (0.000), accurately pop up each axis net, and recheck it, such as 5000 between A-B axes. When rechecking, from B-A, measure whether the total length of the building is consistent with the sum of the axes.

Extended data:

Construction setting-out is to ensure that the construction project can be carried out safely and smoothly according to the requirements of planning approval by checking the positioning and lofting of the construction project in advance, and at the same time improve the municipal facilities, improve the environmental quality and avoid infringing on the interests of adjacent owners.

foundation construction

After the building positioning piles are set up, the professional surveyors of the construction unit, the person in charge of the construction site and the supervisor * * * will jointly check the setting-out of the foundation project (the supervisor is mainly on-site supervision and verification), and finally release all the building axis positioning piles (the axis positioning piles can also be set out at regular intervals according to the size of the building). All axis positioning piles shall be laid out according to the positioning piles (at least 4) of the planning department and the construction plan of the bottom floor of the building. The pay-off tool is "theodolite".

After the foundation positioning and setting-out is completed, the surveyors and constructors at the construction site will set out the foundation sideline according to the positioning axis for foundation excavation. Pay-off tools: theodolite, gantry plate, rope, pendant, steel tape measure, etc. Small projects may start without surveyors, that is, builders.

Main structure

After plus or minus zero construction of foundation works, the first and second floors of the main body will be followed until the main body is capped, and pay-off work will be carried out. Pay-off tools: theodolite, pendant, rope, Mo Dou, steel tape measure, etc. According to the axis positioning pile and the external axis reference line, the construction setting-out is carried out. Draw the axis on the building with theodolite, pop up the axis on the construction elevation of the building, and then set out the edges such as columns and walls according to the axis, step by step, until the main body is capped.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-construction pay-off