Four Hot Cities in China

Furnace City is China's name for a city with extremely hot weather. Scientifically, the number of days with high temperature above 35℃ is used to measure the heat degree of a city. The days with the highest temperature above 35℃ in a year are more than 20 days, and there have been high temperature weather above 40℃. Everyone calls such a city a "stove". With the rapid development of economy, the price reduction of cars and the change of lifestyle, more and more people buy cars instead of walking; Coupled with the popularity of air conditioners, these are emitting hot air into the atmosphere. Urban population, high-rise buildings and dense roads. Concrete and asphalt pavements make solar radiation heat up quickly and dissipate heat slowly, and the heat island effect is becoming more and more obvious. The temperature of the city is rising gradually, and more and more "stoves" are emerging.

"Three Fireplaces": During the Republic of China, Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing were famous big cities along the Yangtze River, and the temperature was hot in summer, so they were called "Three Fireplaces".

"Four Fireplaces": Nanchang, Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing, four cities with hot summer climate in the Yangtze River basin, are called "Four Fireplaces". Nanchang is the hottest and windless city among the four stoves.

Others say that Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Jinan are the four furnaces.

"Seven Fireplaces": Nanchang, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing, Changsha, Hangzhou and Shanghai at the latitude of the Yangtze River are called "Seven Fireplaces".

The saying of Kitchen Stove City originated from the folk, and was first written as "Turpan, Wuhan, Jinan and Nanjing" in middle school geography textbooks.

There is also a saying that Wuhan, Nanjing, Chongqing and Nanchang.

"Four great stoves"

People often refer to Wuhan, Nanjing, Chongqing and Nanchang as the "four furnaces" in China. From the analysis of historical meteorological data, these four cities have high temperature in summer, high temperature at night and high air humidity.

Experts from Nanjing Institute of Catastrophic Weather and Climate introduced that the number of days with high temperature above 35℃ is used to measure the heat degree of a city scientifically. Nanjing, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang and other cities do rank first every year. According to statistics, the average annual high-temperature weather above 35℃ in four major cities is 19.3 days, and the average annual high-temperature weather above 37℃ is 4.5 days. The annual average minimum temperature above 28℃ at night is 13.2 days, and the annual average minimum temperature above 30℃ is10.9 days. Coupled with the sultry heat of "no wind in the city", it is no wonder that there is a "stove".

The heat in Chongqing originates from the topography. The "Chongqing Furnace" is an alchemy of Laoshan Mountain, which is a famous high temperature area in midsummer in China. Compared with the high temperature in the north this year, Chongqing is slightly milder. The heavy rainfall in early June eliminated some summer heat for Chongqing in early summer, but Chongqing people were not grateful for it. Mr. Han, who lives in Yongchuan, Chongqing, said: "The specialty of Chongqing is the summer in July and August, and the autumn tiger is the finale in September. The high temperature has not yet started this year. " Experts explained that the rainy summer in mountain cities is the result of industrialization: "the increase of industrial emissions (sulfur dioxide, tiny dust, etc.). ) affecting solar radiation, leading to an increase in precipitation and a relative decrease in high temperature days. " Such "artificial rainfall" is an "unexpected harvest" of environmental pollution to a certain extent.

Jiangcheng Wuhan can be called "the first generation of furnace leaders". There are many rivers and lakes here, a lot of water vapor evaporates, and the whole city is shrouded in clouds of hot air. On the one hand, it slows down the radiation speed of geothermal energy into the air, on the other hand, it makes it difficult for the human body surface to dissipate heat, just like washing a sauna, sweating and sultry. 1one day in 934, Wuhan recorded a temperature of 4 1.3℃, which won the title of "Furnace Chief" for Jiangcheng.

Nanjing has won the essence of "Summer 99" in the south of the Yangtze River: never leave your hands and sweat like taking a bath. The high temperatures in Nanjing and Shanghai are comparable, but Shanghai's coastal topography dwarfs Nanjing. "Because of the air pressure difference between land and sea, Shanghai is much cooler than Nanjing at night. Although the maximum daily temperature in the two places is similar, the average daily temperature in Shanghai is relatively low. " Professor Qian from the Department of Atmospheric Sciences of Nanjing University explained.

Historically, the three "stoves" in Chongqing, Wuhan and Nanjing used to sit steadily, but the ownership of the "fourth stove" has always been controversial. Nanchang, Jinan, Shanghai and Guangzhou all made the list, and Nanchang finally won. In the summer of 2003, the highest daily temperature in Nanchang reached or exceeded 39.7℃ for 22 days, and the highest ground temperature exceeded 60℃. Citizens have jumped into the Ganjiang River to cool off the heat, and thousands of people swim on the river every day. In the same year, June 5438+065438+1October was late autumn, and the highest temperature in Nanchang reached 3 1.2℃. At present, all the "furnace cities" require to take off their hats, and only Nanchang has not applied yet.

In Phoenix Satellite TV's famous weather program "Phoenix Weather Station", meteorologists rated the top three cities with new stoves, namely Fuzhou, Guangzhou and Hangzhou. As for the location of the fourth one, it has yet to be decided. Laozao, Wuhan and Chongqing, and newcomers, Shanghai and Jinan are all candidates.