Is the Eight Formations of Shimen the same as the Eight Formations?

A formation created by Zhuge Liang during the Three Kingdoms period. It is said that when Zhuge Kongming defended the enemy, he used piles of rocks to form a stone formation. According to Dunjia, it was divided into eight gates: Sheng, Shang, Xiu, Du, Jing, Death, Jing, and Kai. It had many changes and could withstand hundreds of thousands of elite soldiers. (See "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms") [Edit this paragraph] According to the "Three Kingdoms_Shu Zhi_Zhuge Liang Biography", "(Liang) deduced the art of war and made eight formation diagrams." Later generations studied his relics and drew graphics, see "Wu Bei Zhi" . According to records, there are three relics of the Eight Formation Diagrams: "Shui Jing_Mian Shui Zhu" and "Hanzhong Fuzhi" say that they are in the east of Zhuge Liang's tomb in the southeast of Mian County (now Mian County), Shaanxi Province; "Huanyu Ji" says that they are in Kuizhou (now today's Mian County), Sichuan Fengjie County) by the Nanjiang River, "Ming Yi Tong Zhi" said it was in Moumi Town, thirty miles north of Xindu District, Sichuan. Recently, a set of my country's earliest "Fenghou Eight Formations Art of War" was discovered in Mi County, Henan Province. The picture is divided into nine pictures, one is the main picture of the eight formations, and the other eight pictures are the eight formations, namely: the sky-covering formation, the earth-carrying formation, the wind-raising formation, the cloud-hanging formation, the dragon-flying formation, and the tiger-wing formation. Formation, Bird Formation, Snake and Pan Formation. There is a text description next to the picture, which details the tactical application of each formation in offensive and defensive situations under special circumstances. According to "Historical Records", Fenghou was a general of Xuanyuan Huangdi. The stele of "Yunyan Guan Fenghou's Eight Formations" left by Duguji, a military strategist of the Tang Dynasty and Changzhou governor, remains in Yunyan County, Mi County. It records in detail the deeds of the Yellow Emperor and Fenghou in developing the "Eight Formations". The discovery of this map pushed forward the history of my country's Eight Formations Art of War by 2,500 years. "Book of Changes" · Zhuge Liang · "Eight Formations" [Edit this paragraph] The essence of "Book of Changes" Zhuge Liang admires Legalism and Huang Lao thought, and is proficient in Yi studies. Mr. Chen Lifu once wrote the inscription "Prophet of Mingyi" for the Eighth National Zhuge Liang Academic Symposium held in 1994, which clearly pointed out that Zhuge Liang's "prophecy" is closely related to his mastery of "The Book of Changes". The essence of "Book of Changes" is to regard heaven, earth, and man as a whole, and connect things of different qualities and states together to explore the laws of their operation. Zhuge Liang paid great attention to the comprehensive inspection of heaven, earth, and people when governing the country and employing troops. He wrote in "Jiangyuan·Zhiyong": "Follow the sky, follow the time, and rely on people to win." He emphasized that an excellent general should "know astronomy above, personnel affairs above, and geography below. Treat it like a family" ("Jiangyuan·Jiangqi"). "There are three forces for marching an army: the first is heaven, the second is earth, and the third is man. The force of the sky is that the sun and moon are clear and bright, the five stars are in conjunction, the comets are not harmful, and the wind is harmonious. The force of the terrain is that the city is steep and the cliffs are heavy, and the waves are thousands of miles away. The stone gate is a secluded cave, and the sheep's intestines are winding and fertile. The leader of the people is the sage general. The three armies are in order, the soldiers are ordered, and the food and armor are well prepared. The good generals will be in accordance with the time of heaven and the situation of the people. Those who are attacked are invincible, and those who are attacked are invincible." ("Jiangyuan·Bingshi") This really fully demonstrates the idea of ??integrating heaven, earth, and man in "The Book of Changes". The Book of Changes talks about the unity of "number, principle, and phase", and "number, principle" is expressed through "phase". The "numbers and principles" are the same as the "heart" that originates from nature. As Lu Jiuyuan said, "My heart is the universe, and the universe is my heart." The essence of Chinese philosophy is also to grasp the "heart", which is used to understand the world and understand life. As the saying goes, "Appearances come from the heart." Zhouyi's predictions are based on the "appearances" of the "heart" and are very accurate and scientific. However, people's "heart" is changeable, and the "heart" and "appearance" will also change accordingly. Therefore, predictions based on past appearances will not be very accurate. But the human "heart" is not fickle; it has a certain degree of stability and changes regularly. Therefore, Zhouyi's predictions on the overall laws are very accurate. Similar to the weather forecast, you can only get the general outline but not the details. The grasp of details can only be made for the not-too-distant time period. But at the same time, it also illustrates another problem. The calculated fortune cannot definitely explain the future. The development of your destiny is ultimately in your own hands. "Appearance comes from the heart". If you really work hard to get rid of the shackles of fate and become a noble person, your "appeal" will also become the appearance of a "noble person". [Edit this paragraph] Hexagram divination Judging from Zhuge Liang's relevant works handed down from ancient times, they not only involve the theory of "Yi", but also reveal Zhuge Liang's proficiency in hexagram divination. As the "Yin Fu Sutra Commentary" says: "The sky is hanging like an image, and the sage observes it, pushes the armor, draws the Eight Diagrams, examines the tortoise, and observes the rules and calendars, and then the emotions of ghosts and gods, the principles of Yin and Yang, and the plain images are revealed. The Eight Diagrams are all inexhaustible. The so-called "Xiang of the Eight Diagrams, use it after applying it" refers to the divination method of "Zhouyi". [Edit this paragraph] Related records Is the "Eight Formations Diagram" that is quite mysterious to people today a fiction? Did Zhuge Liang really create the "Bagua Array"? "Three Kingdoms·Shu Zhi·Zhuge Liang Biography" records: "Liang is good at ingenuity. He makes profit and loss with crossbows, wooden cows and stray horses, all of which are unexpected. He deduces Qiu's method and makes eight formations, and he gets the key points." As a kind of battle in ancient wars. Although Zhuge Liang's original "map" of formation and troop deployment is no longer available, there is the so-called "Eight Formation Map" which is said to be the site of Zhuge Liang's military training. Li Daoyuan's "Shui Jing Zhu·Jiang Shui" says that this kind of "map barrier" is made of fine stones. There are three places of worship: one in Mian County, Shaanxi Province; one in Fengjie, Chongqing; and one in Xinfan, Sichuan, and the one in Fengjie is the most famous. Fengjie was originally Guyufu County, and its administrative seat is Baidi City in the east of Fengjie. During the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei changed its name to Yong'an, and in the Tang Dynasty, it was renamed Fengjie. Zhuge Liang's "Eight Formations Fortress" is said to be located on the beach south of Yong'an Palace.

According to the Tang Dynasty Li Jian's "Taibai Yin Jing" and Li Jing's "Wen Dui" and other records, as well as the deductions of contemporary scholars (see the back cover of "Sun Tzu Academic Journal" Issue 9, 1994), Zhuge Liang's "Eight Formation Diagram" is now illustrated as follows : [Edit this paragraph] The naming and composition of the eight formations. The eight formations are named after heaven, earth, wind, cloud, dragon, tiger, bird, and snake. Together with the Chinese army, there are nine formations. The central army is composed of sixteen small formations, and the eight surrounding formations are each composed of six small formations, totaling sixty-four small formations. Among the eight formations, the sky, the earth, the wind, and the clouds are the "four righteousnesses", and the dragon (green dragon), tiger (white tiger), bird (suzaku), and snake (tan snake) are the "four wonders." In addition, there are still twenty-four formations deployed at the rear for maneuverability. [Edit this paragraph] Development process Looking at the entire book "Tang Taizong Li Gongwei's Questions", we can find the whole process of the development and improvement of the eight formation diagrams: Huangdi's "Holding Qi Wen" ------ Five Formations, Holding the Machine Formation, Qiujing's Method↓↓↓ Jiang Shang's "Tai Gong's Art of War"---Tai Gong's Formation↓↓↓ Sima Ranju's "Sima's Art of War"---Five Elements Formation↓↓↓ Guan Zhong--------Reorganized "Tai Gong's Art of War" 〉 ↓↓↓ Sun Wu's "The Art of War" -----Bagua Formation↓↓↓ Zhuge Liang's "Eight Formations"----Eight Formations↓↓↓ Han Qinhu-----Ninth Army Formation, That is, the alias of the Eight Formations Diagram ↓↓↓ Li Jing's "The Art of War of the Duke of Wei"----Liuhua Formation↓↓↓ Li Ji's "The Art of War of the Duke of Wei"----The Six Flowers Formation It can be seen that the "Eight Formations Diagram" has a very deep origin. It dates back to the Yellow Emperor of ancient China. After continuous improvement and perfection by Jiang Taigong, Sima Ranju, Guan Zhong, Sun Wu and others, by the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang brought him to the top and perfected it into the Eight Formations! In the Tang Dynasty, Li Jing simplified the nine formations into six flower formations because the command was too complicated. [Edit this paragraph] Characteristics of the Eight Formation Diagram The characteristics of the Eight Formation Diagram, as pointed out in Li Jing's "Questions and Answers", are "the big formation surrounds the small formation, the big camp surrounds the small camp, the corners are connected, and the twists and turns are opposite to each other", " Circle inside and square outside"; and its conception is inseparable from "The Book of Changes". The arrangement of the eight formations is actually a "King Wen Bagua Orientation Map" (i.e., "The Day After Tomorrow Bagua Map"). Each of the eight formations is composed of six small formations, which means the six lines of the Book of Changes. The eight formations plus the total number of sixty-four small formations of the central army are consistent with the sixty-four hexagrams of the "Book of Changes". As for the method of Qi Zheng in the Eight Formations, that is what Du Muzhi said in "Sun Zi's Commentary": "Qi is also the Zheng of Zheng, and Zheng is also the Qi of Qi, which are mutually exclusive, and the cycle is endless." This is even more important in the theory of "Yi" Specific applications in the array. (Lin Huajia, February 2005) The "Eight Formations Village" is located in Dalushu and Xiaolushu Villages in the southeast of Rulin Town, Jintan. Due to hundreds of years of tremendous changes, the "Eight Formation Villages" have long been beyond recognition. . The picture above shows the distribution map of the "Eight Formation Villages". [Edit this paragraph] Content record: The "Eight Formations" created by Zhuge Liang absorbed the arrangement and combination of Jingtian and Taoist Bagua, and was compatible with astronomy and geography. It was a rare combat formation in ancient times. "The Genealogy of the Zhuge Family" by Shen Shen Tang contains poems and hymns about "the eight formations are so skillfully used that they are known as the eight formations." Praise to the Heavenly Formation: The Heavenly Formation is sixteen, square on the outside and round on the inside, with the four winds rising. Its image is the sky, which is the master of the formation and the leader of the soldiers. Make good use of the three armies, and their shape will not be biased. Praise for the Earth Formation: Twelve Earth Formations. They are square in shape, with clouds dominating the four corners. It is difficult to attack the enemy. Its body is unpredictable, its uses are endless, and it cannot be independent. It is matched with Yang. Feng Yang Formation Praise: The wind has no formal shape, it attaches to the sky and changes into a snake. Its meaning gradually becomes mysterious. The wind can stir up things and surround them. The snakes can surround them and the three armies are afraid. The praise of the cloud formation formation: Clouds attached to the ground are invisible at first, and turn into flying birds, and then their shapes are completed. The birds can stand out, the clouds can be dim, and they are ever-changing, with the sound of golden leather. Praise for the Dragon Flying Formation: Heaven and earth rush behind each other, and the dragon transforms into it, with claws and feet, a back and a chest. The potential is unpredictable, the movement is infinite, the formation is impressive, and the name is dragon. Tiger Wing Formation Praise: The heaven and earth rush forward and turn into tiger wings, and the tiger is about to fight, full of its power. When Huaiyin used it, it became Wuji. The gathering at Gaixia was unpredictable by Duke Lu. Praise for the Bird Soaring Formation: When a bird of prey is about to fight, it must first soar. The force is approaching the sky, and the birds are hiding. If you are judged, there will be slander. If one man attacks, the three armies will not be able to do it. Praise to the Snake and Pan Formation: The wind is a snake and pan, attached to the sky and formed, surrounded by potential energy, and capable of bending and extending. Among the four wonders, it is adjacent to the tiger, and then it becomes a regular mountain, trapped head and tail. The composition of the "Eight Formation Diagram" is based on the four realms of Qian, Kun, Xungen and the Earth, representing the main formation of heaven and earth, as the main soldiers. The northwest part is the dry land, and the dry part is the sky formation. The one in the southwest is the land of Kun, and Kun is the formation of the earth. The southeastern land is called Xunju, and the Xun people are called Wind Formation. The land in the northeast is Genju, and Gen is the mountain. The clouds coming out of the mountains and rivers are cloud formations. Water, fire, gold, and wood are used as the four strange formations of dragons, tigers, birds, and snakes as surprise weapons. The formation is composed of a blue dragon (formation) on the left, a white tiger (formation) on the right, a red bird (formation) in the front, and a basalt snake (formation) in the back, with the general in the middle. The eight formations are arranged in the general formation, which is composed of the eighty-eight sixty-fourth formation, plus the 24th formation of the rangers. The total formation consists of 32 formations each of yin and yang, 24 formations for yang and 24 formations for yin. There are 24 formations of the rangers. After the 60th formation, all the marching, forming, fighting, setting up suspicions, filling vacancies, and logistics are all done by the rangers. There is a hymn praising the incomparable power of the "Eight Formations": "Arrangements between formations, formations between formations; the past is behind, the future is forward; there is no speed to advance, no rush to retreat; four heads and eight tails, the first is where it touches; the enemy rushes Among them, both ends are saved; the strange and the right are intertwined, and the cycle is unprovoked; the beginning and the end correspond to each other, and the hidden and unpredictable; predicting things like a god, and adapting to the situation. ""The method of eight formations, within one formation, two formations follow each other, one fights and the other defends; The importance of domestic and foreign affairs, the relationship between hardness and softness, mutual virtuality and reality, the order of subject and object, changes in longitude and latitude, it is precisely because of the basic factors, sudden advances due to strange factors, interaction between multiple factors, and logistical guarantees.

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