Geography —— Factors Affecting Weather

The formation of climate is mainly caused by the change of heat, so there are three main factors: 1. Radiation factor Solar radiation is the source of heat energy in the ground and atmosphere, and the ground heat balance is an important reason for climate formation. For the whole earth, the balance of ground heat is zero, but for different regions, the heat received by the ground is different, which will have an impact on the formation of climate. At the same time, the ground continuously exchanges heat with the atmosphere after receiving heat, and each component in the heat balance process also has an important influence on climate formation. Second, geographical factors The influence of geographical factors on climate formation is manifested in geographical dimensions, land and sea distribution, topography, ocean currents, etc., and the influence of geographical factors on climate formation can be attributed to radiation factors in the final analysis. Different geographical areas and different heat reception lead to different climates; Because of the different thermodynamic properties between the ocean and the mainland, such as volumetric heat capacity and thermal conductivity, the climate between the ocean and the mainland is very different. Comparatively speaking, the daily range of the mainland and annual range are larger than the ocean. Temperature annual range is an important indicator to distinguish continental climate from maritime climate. In addition, the mainland is the heat source in summer and the ocean is the heat source in winter. Heat source is beneficial to the formation and strengthening of low-pressure system, and cold source is beneficial to the formation and strengthening of high-pressure system. The distribution of land and ocean divides the planetary wind belt into several high and low pressure activity centers, which has an important influence on climate formation. In addition, the different distribution of land and sea also affects weather changes. The influence of topography on climate formation lies in that at high altitude, direct solar radiation increases, scattered radiation decreases, temperature decreases and humidity decreases. Different landforms have different effects on climate, and the plateau has obvious effects on climate. The influence of ocean currents on climate is also caused by heat, and the ocean is an important storage place for heat on the earth's surface. 3. Circulation factors include atmospheric circulation and weather system.