How and when to plant cauliflower?

Cauliflower can be planted in spring and autumn.

1. Determine the best sowing date according to the variety characteristics. It is hot and rainy in the south, so it can be planted by covering it with open-air sunshade net. Prepare 10 square meter seedbed per mu of land, apply 0.5 kg special compound fertilizer for vegetables, level the seedbed, water the soles of feet, sow seeds, and cover it with a thin layer of mud. After emergence, control the temperature and water in time, and spray 2 ‰ ~ 3 ‰ urea aqueous solution 1 ~ 2 times at seedling stage. Plant two real leaves at a time. Standard of strong seedlings: stout stems, short internodes, large and thick leaves, 5-6 true leaves, and seedling age of 35-40 days. Autumn or autumn and winter cultivation, refer to the above operation.

2. Planting. Apply 2000 ~ 2500 kilograms of decomposed organic fertilizer or 50 kilograms of special compound fertilizer for vegetables per mu, and apply it deeply to the plough layer. It is rainy in the south, which is suitable for planting in deep border and high ridge. The width is 1.5 m (including border), and two rows are planted with a spacing of 50 ~ 60 cm. There are 2500 early-maturing varieties, 2300 middle-maturing varieties and 600 late-maturing varieties 1, 500 ~ 1. It is advisable to plant in the evening or cloudy days in hot season, and water the living trees after planting.

3. Site management? Apply dilute manure or quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer once after living trees, then topdressing for 4-5 times, apply 5 kg urea per mu for the first 1-2 times, and apply urea 15 kg per mu for the last three times. In the early stage of flower ball formation, when the temperature is 18 ~ 25℃, increase the amount of fertilization and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the growth of leaves and flower balls. Cauliflower likes humidity, leaves grow vigorously, and water demand is large during the formation of flower heads, so it is necessary to supplement enough water to avoid affecting the growth of flower heads and the phenomenon of long hair. When it is hot and dry, water it in the morning and evening to cool down, and the irrigation amount should be no water in the border, and drainage should be done in time after the rainstorm. For overwintering cultivators, the amount of fertilization should be controlled before winter, and the soil should be cultivated to protect the roots, so as to improve the cold resistance of plants in order to overwinter safely. Topdressing overwintering fertilizer before and after beginning of winter, seedling promoting fertilizer before and after beginning of spring, and topdressing again at the beginning of heading. When the flower ball is white, put the leaves outside the flower ball on it to prevent sun or frost, keep the flower ball white, avoid direct contact between pesticides and the flower ball, and ensure product safety.

Step 4 harvest. The flower ball is fully developed with a round surface, and it will be harvested when the edge is about to unfold. Take some leaves under the flower ball to protect it.

5. Control pests and diseases. In the process of cauliflower production, the diseases are mild, and the pests mainly include Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura, which mainly occur in April-May and September-65438+10. When planted in a large area, it can be lured and killed by frequency vibration moth-trapping lamp, and can also be controlled by drugs such as Anda, Chuji, Cai Xi, 2% Sushawei, Baicao 1.

Cauliflower is a semi-cold-tolerant vegetable, which is not as heat-resistant and cold-resistant as cabbage, and is not resistant to high temperature, drought and frost. The suitable temperature for growth is relatively narrow, and the requirements for environmental conditions in cultivation are also strict, which is mainly determined by the botanical characteristics of cauliflower. As the product organ of cauliflower is a flower ball formed by the polymerization of shortened flower branches, floral axis and flower buds, the flower ball is not only a reproductive organ, but also a nutrient storage organ.

reference data

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