How to judge the distribution of weather system

Weather is the general name of atmospheric conditions (such as cold and warm, wind and rain, dry and wet, sunny and so on). ) and its changes in a short time in a certain area. Weather system usually refers to the atmospheric motion system with typical characteristics, such as high pressure, low pressure, high pressure ridge and low pressure trough, which cause the change and distribution of weather. All kinds of weather systems have certain time and space scales, and they are intertwined and influence each other. The combination of many weather systems constitutes a large-scale weather situation and hemispheric and even global atmospheric circulation.

Climate is the average or statistical state of meteorological elements and weather phenomena for a long time, and the time scale is months, seasons, years, years to hundreds of years. Climate is measured by the characteristics of cold, warm, dry and wet, and is usually characterized by the average value and deviation value of a certain period.

Climate is the general state of the atmosphere in a certain region of the earth for many years, and it is the comprehensive expression of various weather processes in this period. Various statistics (mean, extreme, probability, etc. Meteorological elements (temperature, precipitation, wind, etc.). ) is the basic basis for expressing climate. Climate is closely related to human society, and many countries have recorded climate phenomena for a long time. During the Spring and Autumn Period in China, the sun shadow was measured by a standard table to determine the season, and there were 24 solar terms and 72 climaxes in the Qin and Han Dynasties. The word climate comes from ancient Greek, which means inclination, meaning that the climate in different places is related to the inclination of the sun's rays.

Due to the different distribution of solar radiation on the earth's surface and the different physical processes of different underlying surfaces such as ocean, land, mountains and forests under the action of solar radiation reaching the surface, the climate has obvious regional characteristics besides the temperature distribution in latitude. According to the horizontal scale, climate can be divided into macroclimate, mesoclimate and microclimate. Macroclimate refers to global and regional climate, such as tropical rain forest climate, Mediterranean climate, polar climate and plateau climate. Moderate climate refers to the climate of smaller natural areas, such as forest climate, urban climate, mountain climate and lake climate; Microclimate refers to a small range of climate, such as the atmosphere close to the ground and the climate under a small range of special terrain (such as mountains or valleys).

Under the influence of latitude, land and sea distribution, atmospheric circulation, topography, ocean currents and other factors, the world climate can be roughly divided into the following types:

Tropical rain forest climate: high temperature and high humidity;

Tropical grassland climate: divided into dry season and rainy season;

Tropical desert climate: high temperature and little rain;

Tropical monsoon climate: divided into dry season and warm season;

Subtropical monsoon climate and monsoon humid climate: high temperature and rainy in summer, low temperature and little rain in winter;

Subtropical desert climate: basically similar to the tropical desert climate, but the winter temperature is slightly lower than the tropical desert climate;

Subtropical grassland climate: basically similar to tropical grassland climate, but distributed in subtropical zone;

Mediterranean climate: mild and rainy in winter and hot and rainy in summer;

Temperate maritime climate: warm in winter and cool in summer, with small annual temperature difference;

Temperate continental climate: scarce precipitation, severe cold in winter and extremely hot in summer;

Temperate monsoon climate: warm in summer and mild in winter;

Temperate broad-leaved forest climate: hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter.

Temperate grassland climate: hot in summer and cold in winter;

Temperate desert climate: extreme drought, large temperature difference;

Coniferous forest climate in sub-frigid zone: mild in summer and cold in winter;

Mountain climate: vertical change from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain;

Polar tundra climate: winter is long and cold, and summer is short and cool;

Climate of polar ice sheet: it is cold all year round.