What story did Hamlet tell? What is the drama? How many parts are there?

One of the famous tragedies is Shakespeare's most famous drama, which, together with Macbeth, King Lear and Othello, constitutes Shakespeare's "Four Great Tragedies". In Hamlet, the story of revenge is intertwined with love and hate. At the same time, Hamlet is also the name of the protagonist Prince of Denmark. Later, there were films of the same name and works of art such as Yue Opera and Peking Opera.

Detailed plot

Hamlet described such a story: the father of Danish prince Hamlet died suddenly, and within two months, Queen Gertrude married the king's younger brother, the new king Claudius. This series of events caused a discussion in North Korea. Some ministers thought that Gertrude was reckless and heartless and married the hateful and despicable Claudius. Some people even suspect that Claudius killed the king in order to usurp the throne and marry his sister-in-law. Prince Hamlet is the most exciting one. Because Hamlet always worships his late father as an idol, the most uncomfortable thing for him is not that he failed to inherit the throne that he should have inherited, but that his mother Gertrude soon forgot her love for the old king. In Hamlet's view, this marriage is very improper, and the word "incest" is more appropriate to describe it. Sadness and depression made the young prince's usual happiness disappear. In his eyes, all the noble flowers are dead, but weeds are growing wildly there. The new king and queen tried their best to cheer him up, but Hamlet always wore black mourning clothes to show his condolences. Even on the day of the new king's wedding, he still wore mourning to show his contempt. In countless sad days, the young prince thought about how his beloved father died. Although Claudius claimed that the king was killed by a snake, the keen Hamlet suspected that Claudius was the snake, and he guessed that his mother Gertrude might be involved in the murder. These doubts and speculations troubled Hamlet, until one day he heard about ghosts, and the whole court plot began to show its outline. The learned Horatio is Hamlet's good friend. He and Maximus, the court guard, once saw a ghost in the middle of the night. He looked like the late king, with a black beard and a little silver hair, wearing a suit of armor that everyone was familiar with, and walked sadly and angrily through the high platform of the castle. He came in the middle of the night, and the sentry spoke to him as if to speak, but just then, at dawn, the cock crowed and the ghost disappeared. When Horatio told Hamlet about it, the puzzled prince believed it at once. He concluded that this must be the ghost of his father. He doesn't think ghosts will appear for no reason. Maybe there's something to say Although the ghost didn't speak, Hamlet thought his father would tell his son. So the prince decided to go to the vigil with the sentry that night to see his father's ghost. Hamlet waited anxiously for the night to come. As soon as it got dark, he and Horatio, Maximus and others boarded the haunted platform. The moon is cold and the stars are sparse, and the north wind is biting, which adds a bit of a cold prelude to the appearance of ghosts. While they were talking about the weather, Horatio interrupted their conversation. Said ghosts appeared. Hamlet saw the ghost exactly as Horatio described it. At first, he was surprised and scared. He prayed for the blessing of the gods, because he didn't know whether the ghost was good or evil, and he didn't know whether it brought disaster or blessing. But gradually he felt that his father's ghost was not malicious, but looked at him sadly, as if he wanted to talk to him very much. Hamlet got bold, stepped forward, looked at the ghost no different from his father, and couldn't help shouting, "King, father!" " "Ask him to tell me why he didn't rest in the grave, but left there and appeared on the platform in the moonlight. He asked the ghost to tell him how to appease his restless soul. Then, the ghost motioned Hamlet to follow him to a secluded place with few people. Horatio and others tried their best to dissuade Hamlet from being with ghosts, for fear that the evil face of ghosts would frighten the young prince. But the clever Hamlet had long planned to uncover the secret of his father's sudden death. How could he give up such an opportunity? As for life, he has already seen through it. Since his soul is immortal, how can a ghost hurt it? So the young prince suddenly felt as strong as a lion, broke free from Horatio's block and followed the ghost. When there was no one around, the ghost broke the silence and said it was the ghost of Hamlet's father. The ghost said that he was killed by someone, and the murderer was his own brother Claudius, in order to usurp the throne and occupy the king's wife. In the past, when the old king was sleeping in the garden in the afternoon, the vicious Claudius sneaked into the garden while he was asleep and poured poisonous weed juice into the king's ears and eyes. The deadly poison flowed into the blood vessels of his whole body like mercury, which dried up his blood and made his skin grow scleroderma. In this way, the despicable brother took his brother's life, usurped the throne and occupied Wang Sao. The ghost begged Hamlet that if he really worshipped and loved his father, he would take revenge on the despicable murderer. The ghost sighed again and said that he didn't expect his wife who had been in love for many years to be so shameless that she easily fell into the arms of her husband's murderer. But the ghost also told Hamlet never to hurt his mother for revenge, and let God judge her, so that her uneasy conscience kept stinging her. Hamlet listened to the ghost's story with tears in his eyes and promised that the ghost would do everything according to its command, and the ghost disappeared with confidence. Hamlet vowed to forget everything he remembered, including what he learned from books and experiences, leaving only what the ghost told him and asked him to do to dominate his body and mind. Hamlet only carefully told the secret to his close friends Horatio and Maximus, and made them swear not to tell. He told Maximus and others to keep everything they saw that night absolutely confidential. Before learning about the court plot, the mental pain made Hamlet weak and depressed, and the exposure of ghosts added an extremely heavy burden to his mind. Hamlet was afraid that this would attract Claudius' attention and thought Hamlet knew.

Hamlet's stills (8 photos) tell a lot of inside stories, so there is nothing to be wary of when dealing with him. So the prince made a strange and bold decision: pretend to be crazy. In this way, Claudius may not think that he has any conspiracy, and he will not be suspected. Moreover, pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity can not only cleverly cover up the real anxiety in his heart, but also give him a chance to peep at Claudius' every move coldly. From then on, Hamlet showed madness and grotesque appearance in words, clothes and various actions. He tricked the king and queen by playing the fool. They know nothing about the revelation of ghosts, so they think that Hamlet's madness must have been tortured by love besides mourning his father's death. Moreover, the king and queen are smart enough to see which girl the prince is in love with. Before all the changes happened, Hamlet really fell in love with a beautiful girl named Ophelia, the daughter of Polonius, the minister of command. Hamlet once wrote her love letters, gave her gifts, made many hot love confessions, and openly courted this pure and beautiful girl. She will also believe that all the vows made by the prince are sincere. Ever since Hamlet made up his mind to pretend to be crazy, he has deliberately been very cruel to this lovely girl. The kind Mr. filia didn't blame him, but felt that the prince's indifference was not his original intention, and it was entirely because of his madness. She thinks that the nobility and wisdom of the prince used to be like a string of wonderful bells, which could play very beautiful music, but now sadness and melancholy have damaged his mind and reason, so the bell can only make a harsh and strange sound. Although Hamlet's revenge is full of blood, which is not commensurate with the romance of courtship, and in his view, the carefree feeling of love is also incompatible with his responsibility, he sometimes can't help but think of the lovely Mr. Phil Jia. Once Hamlet suddenly felt that his ruthlessness was unreasonable, so he wrote a letter full of fanaticism and exaggeration to Mr. filia. The letter said: doubt that the stars are not fire, doubt that the sun will not move, doubt that the truth is a lie, but never doubt his love … and so on. This manic behavior is in line with his crazy appearance, but there is a trace of tenderness between the lines, which makes the good girl admit that Hamlet loves her in her heart. Ophelia showed this letter to her old father, so the king and queen knew exactly what made the clever prince crazy. Mother Gertrude really wants Hamlet to be crazy about Mr. Philja's beauty, so that the gentleness of the girl can restore Hamlet to its original state. But Hamlet's heart disease is far beyond his mother's imagination. The Danish prince's mind is full of the ghost of his father, which is a sacred order to avenge his father. Every day and every hour of delay is evil in his view and will destroy the sanctity of order. But the king is protected by guards all day. He is always with Gertrude. It's not that easy to kill the king. In addition, the usurper happens to be his mother's husband now, which makes him particularly sad and even more hesitant to really do it. Hamlet, who is gentle and honest by nature, originally thought it was disgusting and terrible to beat a similar person to death. Coupled with his long-term depression and depression, he is vacillating and at a loss, so he has not been able to act decisively. Besides, he heard that the devil is changeable, and maybe it has become his father's appearance to let him kill, so he decided not to just follow the orders of the illusion or ghost, but to have a real basis. Just as Hamlet hesitated, a troupe came to the palace, which gave the prince a chance to test. Hamlet used to like watching their plays, especially when an actor performed such tragic lines as the sadness of murdering Priam, the old king of Troy, and Queen Cobb, which often touched Hamlet. Hamlet personally welcomed the troupe, saying that it was unforgettable to hear that line in the past and asked the actors to perform it again. As expected, the actor performed it vividly, showing how the old king was brutally murdered, how the city and people suffered, and how the queen ran around the palace barefoot like a madman. When she should wear a crown, her head was covered with a rag, but when she should wear a royal robe, she was wrapped in a blanket around her waist. The play is very vivid, not only the people watching it shed tears, but also they were moved to tears because they thought what they saw was true. Hamlet is a little under the weather. He thought that the actor just said a fabricated line and was moved to tears of sympathy for Guhekapa thousands of years ago. Then how slow should he be in Hamlet, because he has real reasons to cry-a real king and a loving father were murdered-but he is so indifferent that he seems to forget revenge. However, this incident inspired Hamlet. He thinks that a well-performed drama will have a great influence on the audience. Some treacherous murderers often confess their crimes on the spot because of the similarity of scenes and plots when watching performances. So, will Claudius do the same? So Hamlet decided to ask the troupe to perform the murder scene described by the ghost in front of his uncle, and then carefully observe Claudius' expression to determine whether he was the murderer. A play prepared by the prince is about the murder of the Duke of Vienna. The murdered Duke's name is Gonzagu, and his wife's name is Sister batiste. It is said that the Duke's closest relative, Lucianas, poisoned the Duke in the garden in order to possess Gonzagu's property and defrauded the Duchess of her promise. Both the king and queen were invited to the theatre. The king didn't know that he had been taken in by Hamlet. When he and his ministers sat down to watch the play, Hamlet sat next to him and carefully observed his expression. The play begins with a dialogue between Gonzagu and Sister Baptist. The wife repeatedly told her husband about her undying love, saying that if Gonzagu died first, she would never remarry, and if she remarried one day, it would lead to retribution. He also said that no woman would remarry except those poisonous women who murdered their husbands. Hamlet's face suddenly changed when he found that the king and queen had heard these words. When the plot developed to Luciano pouring poison into Gonzagu's ear while sleeping in the garden, Hamlet found that the usurper couldn't stand it any longer. He suddenly shouted, lit a torch and went back to the palace, pretending to be unwell, and left the theater in a hurry. Now Hamlet can finally conclude that the ghost is telling the truth, not an illusion. After the problem that troubled Hamlet's Huo Ran was solved, he felt very relaxed. He told Horatio that now he really knew that his beloved father was killed by Claudius. Just as Hamlet was thinking about how to get revenge, the queen sent someone to the harem to talk to him. Claudius ordered Gertrude to call Hamlet. Claudius asked the queen to tell Hamlet that they were all very dissatisfied with his behavior just now. The usurper king was afraid that Gertrude would be partial to his son because of his mother's nature and might hide something he really wanted to know, so he ordered Polonius, the minister of command, to hide behind the curtain of the queen's inner palace. This arrangement is very suitable for old Polonius, who successfully got into the position of commanding minister during the years of intrigue in court life and knew how to spy on the inside story with tricks. When Hamlet came to the harem, the queen first gently reprimanded him for his behavior, saying that the prince had offended his "father". Of course, she refers to the new king Claudius. Hamlet was very surprised and angry when she heard that she used such a respectable name as "father" on a despicable person. She said rudely to Gertrude, "Mom, I think you have greatly offended my father." The queen blushed and said he was talking nonsense. Hamlet retorted, "Since you ask the Dharma in this way, I should answer it in this way." The queen said angrily, "Have you forgotten who you are talking to?" Hamlet sneered, "I wish I could forget, but I can't forget that you are really the queen, the wife of your husband's brother and my mother." The queen flew into a rage: "How dare you be so rude to me. I have to find people who can talk. " She wants to find Claudius or Polonius. Hamlet thought that since he finally had a chance to be alone with the queen, he had to find a way to make her realize his depravity, so he grabbed the queen's wrist and wouldn't let her go, and held her down and sat down. Hamlet's tyrannical attitude made the queen very afraid that he would do something to hurt her because of madness, so she shouted loudly. At this time, Polonius, hiding behind the curtain, cried out in horror, "Help! Who will save the queen! " Hamlet thought that the king was hiding there and that the opportunity had come, so he drew his sword and stabbed it behind the curtain. The shouting stopped suddenly, and Hamlet thought that King Claudius must be dead. When he dragged the body out, it was commander Polonius. "Look!" Cried the queen, "What a cruel thing you have done!" "Yes, Mom, it's really cruel," Hamlet replied, "but it's even more cruel than killing a king and marrying his brother!" Hamlet wanted to clarify the facts, so he spoke frankly. He believes that children should tolerate their parents' faults as much as possible, but if such faults are serious enough, even sons can severely criticize their mothers. He accused Queen easy virtue of forgetting the late king so quickly and throwing herself into the arms of the murderer. You should not easily forget your oath to your late king. If so, it is enough to make people doubt all women's vows, all so-called virtues will become hypocritical, engagement is not as good as gambler's promise, and religion is just a joke. The aggrieved prince pointed out that the queen's behavior was a disgrace to the world and the ground. In order to make the trembling queen repent better, Hamlet took out two portraits, one is the first husband of the former king and queen, and the other is the second husband of the new king and queen. Hamlet said, "Father, look, how kind his forehead is and how extraordinary his spirit is!" His curly hair is like the sun god, his forehead is like a god, his eyes are like a god of war, and his posture is like an angel who just climbed the mountain and kissed the sky. When you look at this again, it looks like a pest and mold, because he actually killed his strong brother. " Just as Hamlet wanted to ask Queen Gertrude how she could continue to live with the murderer who murdered the former king and stole the throne, the ghost of his father appeared, and only Hamlet could see it. No matter how Hamlet pointed out where the ghost stood, the queen could not see it. She looked at Hamlet in fear and spoke to the air, thinking that Hamlet was still crazy. Hamlet asked the ghost what he was doing, and the ghost said that he had come to remind Hamlet not to forget his promise of revenge. The ghost said that he would talk to his mother, or she would die of grief and fear. After the ghost left, Hamlet begged the queen not to bring the ghost to the world because he was crazy. The real reason why the ghost appeared was her own sin. He begged the queen to confess her past sins to God and leave the king. If the queen treats him like her own mother, he will pray to God to bless her like her own son. The queen was finally moved and promised to do as he said. After talking to the queen, Hamlet's mood calmed down a little. When he saw the body of old Polonius, unfortunately killed by him rashly, the prince cried sadly, because it was the father of his beloved girl, Mr. filia! Polonius' death gave Claudius an excuse to deal with Hamlet. According to the king's original intention, he wanted to kill Hamlet, which was regarded as a hidden danger, but he was afraid that people who supported Hamlet would not agree, and that the queen who loved her son would eventually obstruct it. Therefore, Polonius' death gave the king an excuse to expel the prince from the country. Clever Claudius asked Hamlet to go to England by boat accompanied by two ministers to avoid the so-called punishment. At that time, Britain paid tribute to Denmark, a powerful Nordic country, so Claudius wrote a letter to the British court and fabricated some reasons to ask them to execute Hamlet. The clever Hamlet suspected that there must be something strange in it, so he secretly got the letters from two ministers in the evening, cleverly erased his name and replaced it with the names of two ministers. Soon, a ship was attacked by pirates. Hamlet bravely picked up the sword and killed the enemy's boat, but his own boat fled timidly. The two ministers left him behind and hurried to England with corrected letters to accept the punishment they deserved. After the pirates captured the prince, they were very polite to this noble enemy and released him soon, hoping that the prince would put in a good word for them in North Korea. When Hamlet returned to the city, he saw a tragic scene, that is, the funeral of Ophelia, a beautiful girl whom Hamlet once loved. Since the death of poor old Polonius, this unknown girl has been greatly stimulated and her nerves have become abnormal, because she didn't expect her poor old father to die at the hands of her beloved prince. She ran around like crazy, throwing bunches of flowers at the women in the palace, saying that she was holding a funeral for her father; I often sing songs about love and death, as if everything that happened before has been forgotten. She likes to sit by a small river, where willows are long and leaves are reflected on the water. One day, she sneaked out when people were not ready, came to the river, made a small wreath with daisies, nettles, wild flowers and weeds, and then climbed a willow tree, trying to hang the wreath on the wicker that stretched into the river, but the branches suddenly broke; Beautiful and pure Mr. filia fell into the water with her wreath. At first, she wore soft clothes and floated in the water for a while, and sang a few songs I didn't know, as if she didn't care about her own disaster at all, and as if she were an elf living in the water. But before long, her clothes were seriously soaked by the river. Before she finished singing the melodious song, she sank into the water and a fragrant soul wandered to heaven. When Hamlet returned to this city, Laertes, Mr. Faya's brother who came back from France, was holding a funeral for this beautiful girl who died unfortunately and prematurely. King Claudius, Queen Gertrude and all the important courtiers have arrived. At first, Hamlet didn't know what kind of funeral they were holding, but stood quietly and didn't want to disturb everyone. He saw them according to the rules of the Notre Dame funeral, and Mr. filia's grave was covered with fragrant flowers. These flowers were planted by Queen Gertrude herself. She said, "Alas, these flowers should be planted on beautiful girls! Mr. filia, I had hoped to cover your wedding bed with flowers, lovely girl, but I didn't expect to spill them on your grave. You should be the wife of my son Hamlet. " Then, Laetis, who had always loved her sister, murmured that he hoped violets would grow on Mr. Feria's grave. Then Laetis jumped into Mr. Feria's grave like crazy and was heartbroken. He ordered his entourage to take soil and pile it on him so that he could be buried with his dear sister, Mr. Feria. Looking at all this, Hamlet's passionate love for Mr. Fiya surged from his heart again. He can't stand a man who is just a brother being so sad, because the proud prince feels that his love for Mr. filia is far deeper than the combined love of his 40,000 brothers. So, Hamlet, who was in emotional torment, jumped out desperately, and Birler Titus jumped into Mr. filia's grave crazily. The impulsive Laudis recognized this as Hamlet, the enemy of his family, because his old father and sister both died because of this damn Hamlet, so he rushed forward and grabbed Hamlet by the neck desperately. The waiter hurried forward and pulled them away. After the funeral, Hamlet apologized to everyone and said that his behavior was so reckless that people thought he was going to fight with Laertes, so they jumped into the grave. He explained that he couldn't tolerate anyone who looked sadder than Hamlet because of the death of the beautiful Ophelia. In this way, two noble and arrogant young people seem to have made up for the time being. However, the cruel king didn't want to let Hamlet go, so he used Laertes' inner anger at the tragic deaths of his father and sister to plan a plot to kill Hamlet. The traitor instigated Laertes to pretend to be reconciled and challenged Hamlet with a seemingly friendly sword. Hamlet, of course, accepted this seemingly harmless challenge without hesitation and specified the date of the game. On the day when the sword was drawn, all the important people in the palace were present. Because everyone knew that Hamlet and Laertes were good at fencing, the courtiers each made a lot of bets for the two swordsmen. According to the general rule, this kind of friendly sword should use a blunt sword with a round head and no blade, but the vicious king manipulated Laertes, who was dominated by hatred, to use a sword with deadly poison. So when Hamlet chose a blunt sword, he had fallen into the king's trick. He had no doubt that Laertes had any bad intentions, nor did he check Laertes sword. Before the duel, Hamlet apologized to Laertes as a little compensation for killing his father by mistake. Laertes accepted his deep apology. At first Laertes hesitated, thinking that his conscience would not allow him to do so (the sword stabbed Hamlet), and Hamlet won the first two rounds; At this time, King Claudius also deliberately praised Hamlet's victory, drank lottery tickets loudly, frequently toasted Hamlet's victory, and made a big bet that Hamlet, who had little upper hand, would win. But Hamlet challenged Laertes to do his best. Laertes' weak revenge was ignited again. In the third round, he stabbed Hamlet. In the fierce competition, they took each other's swords. Later, Hamlet left blood on Laertes, and Laertes fell to the ground. At this tense moment, the queen's screams added a bit of ominous color. It turned out that the traitor specially prepared a poisonous drink for Hamlet, so that Hamlet could drink it to poison him while fighting against the sword. This is a multiple poison plan. Even if Laertes' poisoned sword failed to stab Hamlet, this poisonous drink was enough to kill Hamlet. But the king forgot to take care of the queen in advance, so when the queen drank the drink, King Claudius said that the queen fainted because of the fierce competition. Hamlet immediately realized that this was another murder plot. So he ordered the door to be closed and no one was allowed to go out. He wants to find out who did it. At this time, Laertes, who was dying, felt that he had been deeply stabbed by Hamlet's sword, so he repented and told his old friend Hamlet. He told Hamlet not to find out who the murderer was. Claudius is the culprit, and he himself was hurt by Claudius' plot. Laertes begged Hamlet to forgive him for betraying his friend and told Hamlet that the sword was covered with the king's poison. Hamlet would not live for half an hour, and no panacea could save him. After all this, Laertes died. Seeing that he was going to die, Hamlet gathered his last strength and pounced on the treacherous king. He stabbed a poisonous sword into the traitor's chest and immediately killed the murderer of his family. Hamlet fulfilled his promise to the ghost, and the despicable murderer was punished. Hamlet used his last breath to ask Horatio, a good friend who witnessed the tragedy, to be strong and live. Horatio, who values loyalty more than life and death, wants to die with the prince. He told Horatio to reveal all the secrets. When Horatio tearfully promised to do it faithfully, the noble prince Hamlet died. Just then, the Norwegian prince Fuding Brass, who was on an expedition in Poland, came to the palace. Horatio and others prayed tearfully to the angel to protect the prince's soul. Everyone thinks that if Hamlet had not died, he would have become the most distinguished, popular, kind and generous king of Denmark.

Main idea

He was deeply worried about reversing the chaotic social reality and called for rationality, order and new moral and social ideals. The pursuit of beautiful human nature and the profound criticism of human nature defiled by desire and sin in reality.