What should patients with myocardial infarction pay attention to in winter?

Myocardial infarction refers to myocardial ischemic necrosis. Due to the low temperature in winter, the incidence of myocardial infarction has increased significantly. The high incidence of myocardial infarction in winter is mainly caused by respiratory tract infection, high incidence of influenza and cold stimulation, so patients with myocardial infarction in winter should pay special attention to self-protection. There are four precautions for patients with myocardial infarction in winter: "Never do it" and "Must do it". For the health of you and your family, you should learn how to prevent myocardial infarction in winter, including paying attention to controlling the three highs, exercising properly and avoiding cold stimulation and overwork. Let's learn how to prevent myocardial infarction in winter! First, the causes of high incidence of myocardial infarction in winter

1, respiratory infection and influenza are known risk factors for myocardial infarction. Studies have shown that after 7 days of respiratory infection, the probability of myocardial infarction increases 6 times. Respiratory tract infection has obvious seasonal changes, especially in winter.

2. The high incidence of myocardial infarction in winter is mainly due to the stimulation of cold, which increases the excitability of sympathetic nervous system, increases the secretion of phenolamine in the body, promotes the contraction of limb blood vessels, accelerates the heart rhythm, increases the workload of the heart, increases the oxygen consumption, and makes the myocardium prone to ischemia and hypoxia, causing angina pectoris.

3. Sympathetic nerve excitation and amino acid itself can lead to coronary artery spasm. Low temperature makes platelets easy to coagulate, blood viscosity increases, and thrombosis is easy to form, which is also an important cause of myocardial infarction.

4. In winter, people's activity decreases. In winter tonic season, they often eat more and move less, which increases the blood lipid level and blood viscosity, thus increasing the probability of myocardial infarction.

The reasons for the high incidence of myocardial infarction in winter are mainly the above points, so we should pay attention to keeping warm when going out in winter and try to avoid going out in windy and cold weather, especially for patients with myocardial infarction.

Second, what should patients with myocardial infarction pay attention to in winter?

1, never go to the hospital alone.

This may be the most common, wrong and dangerous practice, and it is also the most important thing for patients with myocardial infarction in winter. It is good to know to go to the hospital when you are sick, but it is fatal to go to the hospital alone when you have a heart attack. First of all, going to the hospital, registering yourself and checking yourself are very frustrating in big hospitals now, which may lead to the deterioration of the condition. Secondly, if there is no one to accompany you, once the heart stops breathing, it is likely to miss the best rescue opportunity. Therefore, if you suspect that you have a heart disease, you must not go to the hospital alone. In this case, any slight activity will increase the burden on your heart. Maybe one minute you were fine, and the next you fell.

Never take nitroglycerin without authorization.

Nitroglycerin is a common drug for treating angina pectoris, but it should be used with caution in patients with myocardial infarction. It can dilate blood vessels all over the body, thus lowering blood pressure. Therefore, for patients with acute myocardial infarction with low blood pressure, taking nitroglycerin is a taboo, which will further lower blood pressure and increase the risk of shock. Even if the blood pressure is normal, you should lie down when taking nitroglycerin to prevent dizziness and falls caused by postural hypotension.

3. Never drink water.

It is said that drinking water for patients with myocardial infarction can reduce blood viscosity and relieve symptoms. In fact, for a patient who has been in shock or even cardiac arrest, drinking water is not only useless but also harmful.

In some cases, patients are unconscious, and drinking water can easily lead to aspiration and aspiration pneumonia, which is undoubtedly worse for patients with myocardial infarction. In addition, if patients with myocardial infarction drink too much water at a time, water will quickly enter the blood, which will dilute the blood and increase the blood volume, adding an unbearable extra burden to the already unhealthy heart.

Never do CPR without authorization.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is not necessarily impossible, but we must first judge the situation. This first aid method is suitable for patients with cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, but not all patients with acute myocardial infarction will lose their breath and heartbeat. For people without cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation will increase the risk of fatal arrhythmia.

5. Be sure to stop the activity.

When myocardial infarction is suspected, the patient should immediately stop moving, and it is any activity. Rest immediately on the spot to avoid external interference. It is human nature to have a heart attack and be in a hurry, but in order to stabilize the patient's condition, everyone should stay calm for the first time.

6. Be sure to dial 120.

At the same time, family members should immediately call the emergency number and wait for the arrival of medical staff. During the waiting process, closely observe the changes of the condition and the patient's vital signs, such as blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, etc. Help doctors understand the situation.

7. Be sure to keep breathing unobstructed.

Try to keep the patient breathing smoothly after stopping activities. If the patient has signs of hypoxia, oxygen inhalation can be taken, which can quickly improve myocardial ischemia and hypoxia and control or reduce the infarct area. If the patient is in a coma, tilt the patient's head to one side and remove the secretions in his mouth and nose in time.

8. Be sure to ease your emotions.

Nervousness doesn't help the rescue. First of all, family members should not be too flustered. Don't let their negative emotions affect patients and add extra psychological burden to patients. Remember to accompany the patient and wait for the arrival of the ambulance personnel.

Third, how to prevent myocardial infarction in winter

Winter is the high incidence of myocardial infarction, so how to prevent it requires you and your family to do some preventive work, including:

1, pay attention to control the three highs.

Hyperlipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia are inextricably linked with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It is precisely because high fat and high sugar in blood damage the health of blood vessels that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular problems such as arteriosclerosis appear. Therefore, in winter, patients with "three highs" should pay special attention to controlling the intake of blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipid and fat.

Step 2 keep a good mood

Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease are also closely related to people's emotions. Due to the cold weather and lack of sunshine in winter, many patients are prone to depression or often worry about their diseases. These negative emotions are not good for the treatment of diseases, and worrying all day may also lead to the attack of myocardial infarction. Therefore, patients should also pay attention to maintaining a happy mood.

3. Exercise in moderation in winter.

Proper exercise is of great benefit to the health of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but we should also pay attention to many things when exercising. First of all, we should pay attention to increasing or decreasing clothes in time during exercise to avoid catching a cold and overheating. Secondly, patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are not suitable for taking part in too intense exercise. In winter, patients should exercise at least three times a week for no less than 20 minutes and no more than 50 minutes.

Step 4 avoid cold stimulation

After entering winter, the weather temperature drops rapidly. In this cold season, if you don't pay attention to keep warm, your body will not be able to accept the cold stimulation for a while. Especially for people with cardiovascular diseases, under the stimulation of cold, blood vessels will contract, heart rate will increase, blood pressure will increase, and then myocardial infarction will be induced. This is why winter is the high incidence of myocardial infarction, which requires us to pay more attention to climate change.

Step 5 avoid overwork

The high incidence of myocardial infarction is men over 40 years old and women over 50 years old. In recent years, the probability of young people suffering from myocardial infarction has gradually increased, which has a lot to do with ordinary living habits. I have a lot of work pressure during the day, plus I have to work overtime at night or eat supper with my boss. I rarely sleep every day, only sleeping for 5 hours or even less, and my body is tired for a long time. Coupled with lack of sleep, my body's immunity is low. Being in such a state of stress, fatigue and mental tension continuously, even if you are healthy again, you will not be able to eat for a day, which is likely to induce the risk of myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is very important to arrange your own working hours, and don't make yourself too tired.

6. Don't overeat.

During holidays, people often go out for a big meal. Although this is human nature, we should pay attention to controlling the amount of oil we eat. If you eat too much high-fat, high-calorie, high-protein food at once. It is easy to lead to the increase of blood lipid level, lead to the increase of blood viscosity, and then block blood vessels and increase the occurrence of myocardial infarction. So no matter when, for your own health, it is better to take it in moderation.