Answering skills of geography big questions in college entrance examination

Geography refers to the natural environment (mountains, rivers, climate, etc. ) and the social elements of the world or a certain region. The following are some experiences and skills I shared with you, hoping to help you!

Answering skills of geography big questions in college entrance examination 1 1. Be sure to keep the problem training.

In the final review stage, candidates must pay attention to consolidating the basic knowledge, combing, integrating and applying the knowledge points required by the syllabus, building a knowledge framework, forming the ability of geographical thinking, knowledge application and knowledge transfer, and finally improving their geographical skills and literacy.

In the final stage of review, candidates should also maintain a certain amount of training, and improve their review efficiency through training, induction and summary. By doing questions, on the one hand, candidates can improve their answering speed and skills, on the other hand, they can be familiar with the proposition ideas of the college entrance examination by studying the real questions in recent years. However, it should be noted that you should not blindly do the questions, you should selectively select typical topics for training, and combine the teaching materials to summarize and summarize the knowledge points in these typical topics in order to strengthen your mastery of relevant knowledge points.

The knowledge points examined in the college entrance examination questions all come from textbooks and teaching materials, and candidates must pay enough attention to textbooks as the "key" to solving problems.

2. Improve and cultivate geography skills.

In this stage of review, candidates should at least cultivate and improve their geographical skills from the following three aspects:

First, pay attention to the application of geographical knowledge and skills. Including map reading ability, table information and data processing ability, examination skills. Be sure to have a picture in your heart and a picture in your chest. Candidates must do more writing and strengthen the cultivation of examination skills and geographical thinking ability. Only by using both hands and brains can they consolidate their knowledge.

Second, we should emphasize the application of geographic information ability. Most of the questions in the geography examination paper have graphs or tables, so candidates are required to collect useful information from the graphs (such as explicit or implicit geographical information such as geographical location, nature and humanities) and use geographical information to answer questions. To fully explore the stem of the question, we must fully explore the hidden information contained in the stem of the question on the basis of thoroughly understanding the explicit information provided by the stem of the question to ensure the integrity of the answer.

Third, we should integrate theory with practice. Candidates should pay more attention to the geography in life and the geography around them; Pay attention to Hainan elements in current political hotspots and hot issues. For example, International Tourism Island, Wenchang Satellite Launch Center, Changjiang Nuclear Power Station, Hainan Ecological Island, East Ring Railway, etc. , there should be a certain degree of understanding. Only when college entrance examination questions come from life can they be full of vitality by solving practical problems.

3. Exclusion method is applicable to multiple-choice questions.

For most candidates, the common problem is that the foundation is not solid enough. Some candidates have poor knowledge transfer ability and lack of flexible use of knowledge points, so they are easily misled by some distractions when doing questions; The weak foundation leads to the inability to play, and the ability to explore and integrate information is insufficient. When you do a problem, you often lose points because of the depth and key information of the problem. In addition, nonstandard answers are also a common problem. Many candidates lose points because they don't use the professional language of geography, the language description is inaccurate, the organization is unclear, and the main points are lacking.

In view of these common problems of candidates, Liang Zhenfeng also introduced some feasible skills: when answering questions, candidates should follow the general order of easy before difficult, so as to ensure as many points as possible; Multiple-choice questions can be appropriately used with skills such as exclusion; When answering regional geographical questions, we should be good at using case study methods in textbooks; When answering questions related to human geography, we must be clear about the meaning of the questions, and the answers should be clear and coherent, rather more than less, rather good than complete.

Skills of answering big geography questions in college entrance examination II. Geography guidance for college entrance examination: It is recommended to keep your hands on the pictures when reviewing.

In the rest of the time, I will give some suggestions on my understanding of the geography college entrance examination outline in combination with the characteristics of the geography examination papers in previous years.

1. Take the book as the "book" and closely follow the teaching materials to sort out the main knowledge: on this basis, strengthen the induction of geographical laws and location principles. The main principles and laws that should be mastered are:

Five geographical laws: the laws of earth movement, atmospheric movement, crustal movement, water movement and regional differentiation of natural zones.

Four location theories: agriculture, industry, city and transportation.

2. Strengthen regional orientation through map reading training: map reading ability is the key to success in geography examination. Therefore, candidates should learn to use latitude and longitude, contour shape of land and sea, topography, river distribution and administrative boundaries to locate areas. In particular, it is necessary to review the major geographical countries in the world and the major regions of China according to the requirements of the syllabus. Organically combine senior high school systematic geography with junior high school regional geography. It is suggested that students put their hands on the map when reviewing, and it is best to put the geographical distribution and laws on the map.

3, select exercises, strengthen simulation training: do a certain number of exercises before the exam, but to prevent the "sea of questions" tactics. Teachers should carefully select materials, so that students can understand the principles and ideas of examination questions in solving problems, and master the basic characteristics and answering rules of various topics.

4. Pay attention to current events: agriculture, energy, transportation, finance and trade. These will become the background materials of geographical propositions, so we should pay attention to them.

Four scientific steps that must be followed in reviewing.

According to the law of forgetting, the best consolidation of content is timeliness. There are many strategies. Due to the limited space, we will only introduce one of them-the four-procedure review method, which we think is more effective.

The so-called "four-procedure review method" is to divide a complete review process into four links with procedural relationship.

1, trying to remember

The so-called attempt to recall is to recall the content of learning. Some people compare it to "ruminating", just like cows or sheep, returning food that has entered gastric cancer to their mouths and chewing it carefully. This method is actually checking yourself and forcing yourself to carry out activities.

The benefits of trying to recall can be manifested in at least the following four aspects:

(1) You can check the effect of classroom learning.

In the process of trying to recall, if you can correctly recall all or most of the contents of classroom learning, you can prove that you and classroom learning are good. In order to correctly test yourself and the effect of classroom learning, it is best not to read books or take notes when you start trying to recall, and wait until you can't remember. In order to deepen, you can also write the main content while thinking. It will be better to try to remember in this way.

(2) It can improve memory.

Because trying to recall is a positive thinking activity, it can reproduce what you have learned in your mind before you enter the state of forgetting, which is of course beneficial to the maintenance of memory.

(3) can improve the enthusiasm of reading and sorting notes.

By trying to recall the content of classroom learning in my mind again, I often remember what I already know, and what I don't remember is what I don't have, which shows that memory is only a check of learning effect. For those who want to learn something, they will naturally be anxious to read or take notes. In this way, the enthusiasm of reading and sorting out notes is stimulated, and the forgotten content is consciously regarded as the focus of review, so that the review is targeted.

(4) can cultivate thinking ability.

When you try to recall, you will reflect on the process of thinking and summarize the content of classroom learning. And once you can't remember it, you must do everything possible to find clues to your memory. This is undoubtedly doing "memory gymnastics". Therefore, a person who often tries to recall will not only improve his memory ability, but also improve his thinking ability.

Step 2 study hard

In the process of reviewing, after completing the steps of trying to recall, you should begin to read carefully. Of course, reading at this time is different from reading in preview and classroom learning, and it is carried out on the basis of preview and classroom learning. Therefore, we must do the following:

(1) Combining reading with thinking

The so-called combination of reading and thinking means that in the process of reading, we should not only read word for word from beginning to end, but also thoroughly read the basic concepts and knowledge, think while reading, think more about the problems in the memory process, think more about the internal relations among them, and think more about the understanding and application of knowledge.

(2) concentrate.

Reading in review should pay attention to reading and careful thinking. You don't have to spend a lot of time on what you already remember and understand, but focus on what you can't remember and have a vague impression. When reading, you might as well draw while reading.

(3) Pay attention to intensive reading and familiar reading.

For some important contents in the textbook, we must do intensive reading and familiar reading. As for some key chapters and definitions, theorems and laws, we should recite them on the basis of intensive reading and familiar reading.

(4) read some reference books properly

In the process of reviewing, it is necessary to read some reference books properly. Reading reference books is of course carried out on the basis of reviewing the contents of textbooks, and reading the contents of reference books in combination with the contents of textbooks.

Step 3 organize your notes

Collating notes in the review process refers to connecting the notes recorded in the study process such as preview, classroom study and review in series to make it a kind of refined review. The process of sorting out notes is often a process of deepening and simplifying knowledge. Therefore, it is required that the index be clear, the center be prominent, the content be concise, and it is best to have your own unique opinions. In this way, this processed note can become a powerful assistant for stage review and important preview.

4. Explore and discover

The content of review should not be limited to repeating the contents of textbooks, but should be explored and discovered on the basis of reviewing old knowledge. The so-called "review the past and learn the new" is also the same reason. The most fundamental way to explore in the review process is to ask questions, that is, to ask questions. For knowledge, we should not only understand? Quot is a question, but also understand the question of "why".

How to answer the universal answering skills of geography in college entrance examination?

1, basic method

Carefully examine the meaning of each small item, and make clear the knowledge category, time and space scope and quantitative characteristics of the geographical content it represents. In view of the stem of the question, combined with the concept, classification, principle and law of geographical things, this paper makes comprehensive thinking and analysis, compares the similarities and differences of the answers and draws a conclusion. This is the most basic method and skill of multiple-choice questions.

Multiple-choice questions generally consist of two parts: stem questions and options. The first step is to read the stem and options carefully, see what conditions the stem provides, find out the "keywords" and "qualifiers" in the stem, and eliminate the interference information. The second step is to recall and associate with the basic knowledge of geographical terms, concepts, principles, names, distribution, characteristics, causality and other geographical things related to this topic. The third step is to comprehensively analyze the options, extract effective information, compare them and get the correct answer.

Example 1: The most important constraint for developing agricultural production in Northwest China is ().

A. Insufficient land resources

B. Insufficient fertilizers and pesticides

C. Labor shortage

D. Insufficient water resources

The first step to get this question is to read the stem carefully and find out the four qualifiers: northwest, agricultural production, most important and restrictive conditions. The second part thinks that the northwest of China is dominated by temperate continental climate, with dry climate and widespread desert. The main types of agricultural production are oasis agriculture and irrigated agriculture, and the premise of the development of these two kinds of agriculture is the availability of irrigation water sources. The third step is comprehensive analysis. Although the northwest region is dominated by desert, the proportion of land resources is low. On the other hand, the labor force is insufficient, the economic conditions are poor, and the ability to buy pesticides and fertilizers is limited. But the "most important" and "restrictive condition" of its "agricultural production" should be the shortage of water resources, so the correct answer is D.

Example 2: The existing natural forests between the Tropic of Cancer and the Polar Circle are mainly ()

A. subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

B. subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

C. Subfrigid coniferous forest

D. temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest

The title requires a "natural" forest between the Tropic of Cancer and the polar circle. The climate types from the Tropic of Cancer to the polar region include subtropical monsoon climate, Mediterranean climate, temperate monsoon climate, temperate marine climate and polar climate, and the corresponding natural zones include subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and subtropical coniferous forest. Four answers are possible, but careful analysis, due to human beings.

2. Exclusion method

On the other hand, starting from the options, and eliminating them one by one while reviewing the questions, until you get the correct options, seemingly complicated problems will become very simple.

Example 3: The impact of El Nino on climate mainly includes ()

A, make the temperature in the passing area lower than the multi-year average.

B, transfer a lot of heat to the atmosphere passing through the area.

C, disrupting the conventional ocean current model and making the climate abnormal.

D, make the global precipitation increase abnormally.

This is a descriptive topic, which mostly describes geographical principles, characteristics, distribution, laws and so on. Narration is often incomplete, half-wrong, and confusing. When doing this kind of topic, you can choose to scrutinize the stem and options, eliminate inaccurate and incomplete expressions, discard the false and retain the true, and get the correct answer.

El Nino is a warming phenomenon in the East Pacific Ocean. The sea surface in the East Pacific Ocean is warming up, and there is an updraft, which leads to heavy rains and floods. In Peru and other countries, a large number of fish and plankton have died, and birds that feed on marine life have also died in large numbers. However, the temperature drop in the opposite area of the western Pacific leads to downward airflow, and abnormal weather with drought and little rain occurs in the western Pacific such as Australia, Indonesia and the Philippines. The increase of temperature and precipitation in the eastern Pacific does not mean that the temperature and precipitation of water flowing through the region and the world will increase. Therefore, the correct items are B and C.

Example 4: The following phenomena must be related to the process of urbanization ()

A, the green area is decreasing.

B, the non-agricultural population is increasing.

C. Housing shortage and traffic congestion

D. Environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.

Options A, C and D are problems in the process of urbanization, not the inevitable result of urbanization, so they are excluded. The increase of urban population is an important symbol of urbanization, which will inevitably lead to the decrease of non-agricultural population. So choose answer B.

3, graphics and auxiliary line method

For some calculation questions and multiple-choice questions, there may be no graphics, or graphics can't accurately express the meaning of the questions. We can draw a schematic diagram or make some auxiliary lines on the diagram, and the problem will be solved.

When answering geography questions in the college entrance examination, some candidates can get high marks even if they don't write many words, and some candidates can't get points even if they write so many words. Why?

Some candidates, who don't talk much, always get high marks.

The difference between the two is that the former does not master the methods and skills of answering questions, and covers everything, such as not aiming at the target on the battlefield and shooting blindly.

The "military adviser" reminds candidates not to drag their feet in answering questions in the examination room, but to try to hit the bullets correctly.

There are "raiders" in the examination room.

The geography test questions in the college entrance examination are divided into five categories: feature description (or brief description), cause analysis, position analysis, meaning list and suggestion list.

When answering the question of feature description, we should first make it clear whether the question is about the morphological characteristics, state characteristics, distribution characteristics and change characteristics of geographical things.

Secondly, to master the method of describing the characteristics of geographical things, the questions are usually "explain the characteristics of …", "describe the situation of …" and "briefly describe the characteristics of …".

When answering such questions, students should first make clear the regional location and graphic information, grasp the typical characteristics of natural geographical elements or human geographical elements, and express them in geographical terms.

According to changing factors, the forecast is unknown.

Location analysis should not only explain the location of a geographical thing, but also explain its spatial relationship with other things.

Connection is the influencing factor, including natural conditions, socio-economic conditions and technology. Among them, natural conditions are the foundation, technical conditions are the guarantee, and socio-economic factors are the decisive factors.

A: location analysis adheres to four principles: first, the main points are complete, such as analyzing the influencing factors from both favorable and unfavorable aspects; Comparative analysis should not only find similarities, but also find differences.

Second, the dominant factors are prominent, avoiding superficial problems and covering all aspects.

Third, answering questions should be specific and targeted.

The fourth is to look at the location factors from the perspective of development. Pay attention to infer the direction of change according to the elements of change. The thinking of analyzing location factors is generally: where (i.e., latitude and longitude position or relative adjacent position) → what (i.e., what geographical things are there) → why (i.e., what are the factors affecting geographical things and what are the leading factors) → how (i.e., how to change and what is the law of change).

Grasp the connection between cause and effect

Common questions in the category of cause analysis are: "Try to analyze the (natural or social) causes of ×× geographical phenomena" and "Analyze the causes of ×× geographical things", point out the influencing factors of ××, briefly describe the reasons and explain the reasons of ××.

The basic idea of answering questions is: where -why- form the result of ××. That is, the first step is to explain the location, so as to clearly say where it is, the second step is to explain the reason according to the content to be answered, and the third step is to get the result.

When answering the cause test questions, we should make clear the components of important geographical elements and understand the relationship between "cause" and "effect" between "factor" and related "geographical elements".