Jiangsu 2009 Geography and Biology High School Entrance Examination

I am also from Nanjing. Don’t worry, I also have to take the exam, which is also the high school entrance exam! ! I am 29! Here’s a set of review questions for you! ! Come on! ! ! o(∩_∩)o...haha

Baixia District 2009 Eighth Grade Quality Inspection (1) 2009.4

Biology Test Paper

Biology Test Paper It is divided into two volumes: I and II, with a full score of 50 points. Please read the questions carefully and answer carefully as required. I wish you good results.

Volume I

Note: For Paper I, always use a 2B pencil, and scribble the selected answers on the answer sheet as required

1. Multiple-choice questions : Among the options for the following questions, only one fits the meaning of the question. Mark the correct answer on the answer sheet. (Each question is 1 point ***20 points)

1. Among the reproduction of the following organisms, which one is asexual?

A. The reproduction of birds B. The budding reproduction of hydra

C. The birth of test-tube babies D. Plants produce seeds

2. The apple trees in a certain orchard have low yield and poor fruit quality. If you want to breed high-quality apple varieties, what do you think is the most appropriate processing technology?

A. Seed propagation b. Fruit branch grafting C. Fruit branch cuttings D. Tissue culture

3. Which part of the peach flower structure does the peach flesh that is eaten daily develop from?

A. Fertilized egg B. Ovule C. Ovary D. Ovary wall< /p>

4. The ontogeny of the following animals all belong to a group of complete metamorphosis

① Bombyx mori ② Cricket ③ Fly ④ Bee ⑤ Frog ⑥ Mole cricket

A. ①③④ B. ①③⑤ C. ②④⑥ D. ②⑤⑥

5. D and d are two genes on a pair of chromosomes in human somatic cells, as shown in Figure (1). Which of the following statements is incorrect

A. "D" means dominant gene

B. If "D" comes from the father's side, then "d" comes from the mother's side

C. Individuals whose genome is Dd show the traits determined by “D”

D. The traits controlled by "d" are traits that cannot be expressed. Figure (1)

6. What determines the characteristics of curly or straight hair

A. Gene b. Chromosome C. sperm d. Egg cell

7. Which of the following statements is incorrect

A. DNA is the main genetic material

B. The nucleus is the center of genetic information

C. The only measure for eugenics and upbringing is prenatal diagnosis

D. The X or Y chromosome in male sperm determines the gender of the offspring

8. The presence of earlobes in humans is controlled by the dominant gene A, and the absence of earlobes is controlled by the recessive gene a. A couple both have earlobes, but the child has no earlobes.

The genetic makeup of the couple and their children that control earlobe traits are:

Husband, wife, and children

A. AA Aa aa

B. Aa AA aa

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C. AA AA aa

D. Aa Aa aa

9. A person’s double eyelids (R) are dominant to single eyelids (r). If a pair If a couple both have double eyelids (Rr), the probability that their children will also have double eyelids is about

A.25% B.50% C.75% D.100%

10 . Among the following animal behaviors, all of them belong to a group of innate behaviors: ① spiders build webs ② bird migration ③ dolphins tip balls

④ ants build nests ⑤ babies suck milk ⑥An old horse knows the way

A.①②③④ B.①②④⑤ C.①④⑤⑥ D.①②④⑥

11. Animal social behavior refers to

A. in the same group Each member has a clear division of labor B. Various contact behaviors that occur in the same group

C. Mutual recognition between individuals in the same group D. Various contact behaviors in the same group except reproduction

12. A classmate described the structure and behavioral characteristics of dragonflies as follows. Which one do you think is correct?

A. Dragonflies have spines in their bodies B. Dragonfly cells have cell walls

C. Touching water is a reproductive behavior D. Touching water is a learning behavior

13. Coronary arteries are blocked by coagulation and blood cannot flow, which will cause

A. Myocarditis B. Myocardium Infarction C. Arteriosclerosis D. Vasculitis

14. Patients with extensive burns are prone to infection and serious consequences. This is mainly because the patient

A. lacks nutrients B. red blood cells Significant reduction

C. Weakening of non-specific immunity D. Weakening of specific immunity

15. "My weight is within the normal range, and all physical examination indicators are normal." This is Evaluation

A. Physical health b. Mental health c. Well-adapted to society D. Moral health

16. The microorganisms that cause yogurt production and fruit wine to become sour are respectively

A. Yeast and lactic acid bacteria B. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast C. Lactic acid bacteria and acetic acid bacteria D. Lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid bacteria

17. Scientists believe that the first step in the origin of life is

A. Producing primitive single-cell organisms B. Producing organic macromolecules C. Producing organic small molecules D. Producing primitive Cells

18. The biosphere is the common home for all living things, and its scope includes

A. Atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere B. The lower layer of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere

C. The lower layer of the atmosphere, the upper layer of the hydrosphere, and the lithosphere D. The lower layer of the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, and the upper layer of the lithosphere

19. Among the following statements, which one is incorrect

A. Fossils provide direct evidence for biological evolution

B. "Archaeopteryx" is typical evidence that birds evolved into mammals

C. In the process of human evolution, a significant change occurred in the increase in brain size

D. Biodiversity is the result of biological evolution

20. Figure (2) is a schematic diagram of the classification hierarchy of mammals and carnivores. According to the figure, choose the animal with the closest relationship among the following four groups

A. Cat and Tiger B. Tiger and Dog

C. Lion and dog D. Cats and Dogs

Picture (2)

2. Judgment question: Determine whether the following statements are correct. Mark A on the answer sheet if it is correct, and B on the answer sheet if it is incorrect (each time Question 1 point, ***5 points)

21. In the process of evolution, animals have gradually formed their own unique ways of movement, such as swimming, running, flying, etc. Animals actively adapt to the environment through movement.

22. People’s most intuitive and basic understanding of biological diversity is genetic diversity.

23. In general, food exposed to the air is more likely to spoil, and dry food is also more likely to spoil.

24. The increase in body temperature of animals during exercise is caused by the large release of heat energy from ATP.

25. The law of biological evolution is: from single cells to multi-cells, from low to high, from simple to complex, from aquatic to terrestrial.

Paper II

Note: For Paper II, answers must be answered with a signature pen in the places specified on the answer sheet.

3. Compatibility questions (reasonably match the following creatures with the content on the right, and fill in the letters in front of the corresponding content into the corresponding brackets. Each question is 1 point, ***5 points )

26. Cyperophora spinulosa (▲) A. With exposed seeds, it is known as a "living fossil"

27. Davidia involucrata (▲) B. Viviparous lactation, a national first-level protected animal< /p>

28. Ginkgo ( ▲ ) C. There are roots, stems and leaves organ differentiation, and there are conductive tissues in the body, but reproduction cannot be separated from water

29. Baiji dolphin ( ▲ ) D. The seeds are wrapped in pericarp Cover, a national first-level protected plant

30. Alligator (▲) E. Egg-laying, a national first-level protected animal

IV. Short answer questions

31. ( 5 points) According to the survey, some organisms as shown in Figure (3) live in a certain grassland ecosystem. Please answer the following questions:

(1) Water, air, sunlight, soil, etc. belong to this ecosystem ▲ ingredient in.

(2) The energy flow of this ecosystem starts from the grass acting to fix solar energy.

(3) Write down the food chain where the eagle obtains the most energy in this ecosystem:

▲ .

(4) If a large amount of DDT is sprayed to kill locusts on the grassland, then among the organisms in the ecosystem, ▲ will have the highest DDT content in the body.

(5) In addition to the above-mentioned types of organisms, this ecosystem also has a type of biological component that plays an important role in the material cycle: ▲. Figure (3)

32. (5 points) June every year is the rainy season in Nanjing. Food is prone to mold at this time. In order to verify that mold growth and reproduction are related to temperature and humidity, Xinyu Middle School Biology Interest The students in the group conducted the following exploratory experiments using fresh steamed buns as materials:

Processing of experimental materials by the experimental material group

Take steamed bun slices of the same size and freshness, and place them In the same, clean petri dish (covered) A. Place the fresh steamed bread slices in an environment of 25oC

B. Dry the fresh steamed bread slices and place them in an environment of 25oC

C Fresh steamed bun slices are placed in the refrigerator compartment (2oC)

Please answer the following questions:

(1) If the students in the interest group choose A as the experimental group, then it is OK As the control group is ▲ (fill in the serial number), and the variable in this exploratory experiment is ▲.

(2) Students in the interest group found that steamed buns placed in the refrigerator (2oC) are less likely to grow mold. The reason is ▲.

(3) After obtaining the experimental results, the students in the interest group conducted further research. They made smear specimens from the "black fluff" growing on the steamed buns and observed them under a microscope. The image obtained is shown in Figure (4). The biggest structural difference between the microorganisms and bacteria in this picture is that bacteria have no ▲.

(4) The technology of using mold to produce antibiotics (such as penicillin) is called ▲ technology. Figure (4)

33. (5 points) Recently, the weather has turned from warm to cold, which is a period of high incidence of infectious diseases. The Nanjing Primary and Secondary School Health Care Center issued a spring infectious disease warning, requiring all districts, counties and schools to seriously prevent infectious diseases in schools. Please read the material below and answer the questions.

Material 1: Common infectious diseases in winter and spring include influenza, measles, chickenpox, mumps, meningococcal meningitis, and highly pathogenic avian influenza in humans.

Material 2: After smallpox and poliomyelitis (poliomyelitis), measles will become the third infectious disease that our country will strive to eradicate. According to the unified requirements of Jiangsu Province and the arrangements of the municipal government, our city will carry out free measles vaccination for all children aged 8 months to 14 years old from April 2 to 20, involving 800,000 people.

Material 3: After entering 2009, reports of hand, foot and mouth disease epidemics began to appear in various parts of my country. Experts predict that the epidemic will reach its peak between May and July, and relevant departments are working hard to develop preventive vaccines. Hand, foot and mouth disease is mainly spread through close contact with the digestive tract, respiratory tract and secretions of people.

Child care institutions are key places for the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease. Therefore, kindergartens should: 1) Keep classrooms well ventilated, use 84 disinfectant to disinfect children's supplies, and frequently dry bedding; 2) Pay attention to children's food hygiene and personal hygiene; 3) Once a suspected sick child is found They should be sent to the hospital immediately or treated in isolation at home.

(1) The diseases mentioned in "Material 1" are all ▲ infectious diseases,

(2) After the human body is vaccinated with the measles vaccine, without causing disease, it will stimulate Lymphocytes eliminate the invading pathogen by producing special proteins that fight the pathogen. This type of immunity belongs to ▲ immunity.

(3) The measures ① mentioned in "Material 3" belong to the ▲ measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

(4) When treating colds and other diseases, due to people’s misuse of antibiotics, bacterial resistance continues to increase and is passed on to future generations through reproduction. This mutation is a ▲ mutation. From a biological evolutionary perspective, this is the result of ▲.

34. (5 points) It is known that the white coat color of sheep is controlled by the dominant gene D, and the black color is controlled by the recessive gene d. The three female sheep related to the breeding of cloned sheep. Their genetic composition that controls coat color and their role in the process of cloning sheep are as follows. Answer the following questions based on the knowledge you have learned:

Name A sheep B sheep C sheep

Gene composition that controls coat color DD Dd dd

Function provides the nucleus of mammary gland cells Provides enucleated egg cells and provides a place for embryonic development

(1) The white and black colors of sheep are genetically called ▲.

(2) Please speculate that the coat color of the cloned sheep is ▲ and its genetic composition is ▲. If the cloned sheep produces offspring with a male black sheep, then the genetic composition of the offspring that controls coat color is ▲.

(3) When the Roslin Institute in Scotland used cloning technology to clone Dolly the sheep in 1996, the result was immediately hailed as one of the most significant and controversial technological breakthroughs of this century. . Please share your views on the application of cloning technology.

Sina Blog

Dolly’s Cloned Sheep Nanjing and Hong Kong

Baixia District 2009 Eighth Grade Quality Inspection (1) 2009.4

< p>Reference answers for biology subjects

1. Multiple choice questions (one point each, ***20 points)

Question number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Answer B B D A D A C D C B

Question number 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Answer D C B C A C C D B A

2. True or False questions (one for each question points, ***5 points)

21. A 22, B 23, B 24, B 25, A

3. Compatibility questions (one point each, *** 5 points)

26, C 27, D 28, A 29, B 30, E

4. Short answer questions (***20 points)

31. (5 points)

⑴ Abiotic ⑵ Photosynthesis ⑶ Grass hawk (or: grass hawk)

⑷ Eagle ⑸ Decomposer

32. (5 points)

⑴ C; temperature (or: B; humidity) ⑵ Low temperature inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms

⑶ Formed cell nucleus ⑷ Fermentation

33. (5 points)

⑴ Respiratory tract ⑵ Specificity ⑶ Cutting off the transmission route ⑷ Heritable; natural selection

34. (5 points)

⑴ Relative Characteristics ⑵ White; DD; Dd

⑶ Can be analyzed from both advantages and disadvantages (reasonable answers will be given points)