How can weather change prevent skin allergy?

Pollen is the germ cell of higher plants, male, powdery in appearance and generally 20 ~ 40 microns in diameter. Pollen is fertilized, sown and propagated after contact with female flowers with the help of wind or insect vectors. The flowers pollinated by wind are mostly flowers without fragrance, nectary and beauty, but their pollen quantity is very large. These plants are our common trees, vegetables, wild weeds and food crops. Because it is spread in the air by the wind, a lot of pollen can float in the air during the flowering period of these plants.

In the process of breathing, some people will sneeze and have a runny nose after inhaling pollen floating in the air, accompanied by symptoms such as itching of the upper jaw, external auditory canal, nasal mucosa and conjunctiva. The clinical manifestation is similar to a cold, and it can be confirmed as pollen allergy through skin test. The pathogenic mechanism of pollen allergy is the result of allergic reaction, that is, after pollen enters the human body, allergic reaction will not occur under normal circumstances, mainly because the immune system of the human body can quickly remove these exotic pollen; However, for some people with allergic constitution, as long as a small amount of sensitized pollen is inhaled, a strong antigen-antibody reaction will occur in the body, releasing media that can cause bronchial smooth muscle spasm and telangiectasia, thus causing the above symptoms. If it is not controlled early, emphysema, cor pulmonale and even life-threatening will occur over time.

Pollen allergy is a frequently-occurring and common disease, which can erupt into seasonal epidemic. This disease has obvious seasonality. Every year, plants bloom (trees bloom in March-May in the north and weeds bloom in August-September), and the symptoms of patients with pollen allergy disappear. Flowers bloom next year, get sick again, and so on. If not treated in time, the symptoms of patients can be aggravated year by year, and the onset time is prolonged, and finally seasonal sexually transmitted diseases become perennial diseases.

There are many plants in nature, not all plant pollen can be sensitized, and the allergenicity is different. In China, the pollen plants with strong allergens are Artemisia, Ambrosia and Cryptomeria. Pollen plants with important allergens are Lycopodium (commonly known as Larix gmelinii), Sunflower, Platanus acerifolia, Fraxinus mandshurica, Amaranthus indicus, Ailanthus altissima, Sabina vulgaris and Broussonetia papyrifera. The pollen plants with more important allergens are oak, birch, Pterocarya stenoptera, walnut, elm, poplar, willow, corn, ginkgo, Cryptomeria fortunei, rape and spinach. The pollen plants with weak allergens are pine, locust and spruce.

Because most sensitized pollen is spread by wind, the pollen concentration in the air is closely related to the air flow. Generally speaking, the wind speed is too small or windless, and pollen is not easy to float into the air from flowers; If the wind speed is too high, the pollen will soon spread to the upper air, which has little effect on people living near the ground; Only by blowing pollen into the air at a moderate wind speed will the pollen concentration in the air be higher. In addition, the amount of plant pollen is related to the degree of its growth and development. When plants grow vigorously, the amount of pollen is large, on the contrary, the amount of pollen is small. The growth and development of plants are closely related to meteorological conditions. Adequate sunshine, abundant rain and suitable temperature are beneficial to the growth and development of plants. On the contrary, it is not conducive to the growth and development of plants, and its pollen quantity is not large. Because of the close relationship between pollen sowing and meteorology, meteorological departments in many provinces and cities have carried out pollen monitoring and forecasting to provide pollen sowing information, which is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of patients with pollen allergy.

The prevention of pollen allergy is mainly to reduce the contact with sensitized pollen, that is, to go outdoors as little as possible during the pollen season, especially in windy weather, and not to stay outdoors for a long time; Wear a mask for protection when going out; Try to open windows as little as possible at home, or hang curtains that filter pollen (ordinary curtains can be soaked); Conditional, can be "off-site treatment", that is, to avoid areas without sensitized pollen; Contact with pollen as little as possible, and pollen allergy will naturally disappear. There are two treatments for pollen allergy: nonspecific and specific. Nonspecific treatment is taking or injecting antiallergic drugs before pollen season; Specific therapy is also called desensitization therapy, that is, injection of pollen antigen preparation, from low concentration, small amount and multiple times, gradually to high concentration and large dose, enhances the immunity of patients to sensitized pollen, and achieves the purpose of relief and cure. (Source: Wen Tian. com)