Why are old people uncomfortable when the weather is cold?

There is a saying in my hometown that the old cow is sad in winter. Old cows and old horses die a lot in winter. Indeed, even people are like this, and there are obviously more old people who died in winter. What caused it? First, high incidence of myocardial infarction. In winter, due to the stimulation of cold, human peripheral blood vessels contract, which leads to the increase of arterial pressure and the increase of myocardial oxygen consumption. In addition, in winter, the old people's adaptability is weakened, their resistance is reduced, and diseases such as upper respiratory tract infection are prone to occur, which can easily induce myocardial infarction. People don't want to exercise in winter, which leads to fat accumulation. In cold weather, people need more food to generate heat, so they are prone to hunger, especially want to eat and eat quickly. Because of eating more and taking less, the blood lipid level and blood viscosity increase, especially in winter vacation. During New Year's Day and Spring Festival, people are prone to overeating, drinking, smoking and fatigue, which aggravates the occurrence of myocardial infarction. Second, the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage is high. In winter, because the human body is in a low temperature state, blood vessels will contract, leading to increased vascular resistance, increased blood pressure and increased heart load. Also, when it is cold, people's activities are reduced, and some elderly people's activities will be greatly reduced in winter, including blood perfusion in the brain and myocardium. In winter, due to reduced perspiration, people drink less water, especially the elderly, often with insufficient water intake and increased blood viscosity. Coupled with increased vascular resistance and elevated blood pressure, it is also easy to form thrombosis and increase the chance of attack. Third, serious complications such as gastric bleeding and gastric perforation are high. In the middle of winter, after being stimulated by cold, the histamine in the blood increases, the gastric acid secretes vigorously, the gastrointestinal tract contracts convulsively, and the body's disease resistance and adaptability also decrease. Therefore, stomach diseases in the elderly are easy to recur in winter, and even lead to serious complications such as gastric bleeding and gastric perforation. Therefore, in winter, the elderly should pay special attention to keep the stomach warm, eat soft, light and easy to digest, eat less and eat more meals, avoid cold, quit smoking and drinking, take an active part in physical exercise, improve gastrointestinal blood circulation, and reduce the chance of suffering from stomach diseases. Fourthly, the severity of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly leads to cor pulmonale. Cold, dry and high fever in winter can damage the ciliary function and blood circulation of respiratory mucosa, reduce the local barrier function and be easily infected by pathogenic microorganisms. Infection by pathogenic microorganisms is another important factor of chronic bronchitis. In addition, burning coal for heating and closing doors and windows in winter make indoor air pollution serious, and exogenous antigens can cause delayed or immediate allergic reactions, make bronchospasm and lead to tissue damage and inflammation. The combination of these factors aggravates the condition of severe elderly patients with chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, leading to pulmonary heart disease and death. Therefore, the elderly should pay special attention to health care in winter: first, a reasonable diet, especially pay attention to the diversity of food in winter, pay attention to a balanced diet to reduce salt, oil and sugar; Increase the intake of vegetables and fruits, ensure that there are vegetables in the meal, and consume 300~500g of vegetables every day, with dark vegetables accounting for1/2; Eat fruit every day and take in 200~350g fresh fruit every day; Eat seven or eight full meals; Three meals a day, regular and quantitative; Pay attention to breakfast and don't miss dinner. The second is to quit smoking and limit alcohol, and it is never too late to quit smoking; Drink alcohol in moderation and avoid drinking on an empty stomach. Third, moderate exercise, different people choose sports that suit them, such as swimming, running, playing ball games, walking, etc., and pay attention to cold and warmth. It varies from person to person, step by step, and you can sweat a little by feeling, which proves that you have achieved moderate exercise. Walking is the best exercise in winter, and WHO considers it "the best exercise in the world". Statistics: every step can promote 50% blood flow of human body, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis; It can squeeze 50% of blood vessels in human body, which is a simple "vascular gymnastics"; Exercise at least 50% muscles, which helps to maintain the total muscle mass. Fourth, psychological balance, everything is calm, self-appreciation, maintain a relaxed and happy mood, maintain a good attitude, and avoid anger and impatience. The fifth is to keep enough sleep, stretch in bed before getting up in the morning, change your stool to sitting posture, don't sit for a long time or exert yourself, have regular physical examination and so on. In addition, elderly people with basic diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes should actively treat the primary disease, and should not wait until they are seriously ill.