What are the omens before the earthquake?

According to a large number of earthquake cases and earthquake observation facts, there are precursors before destructive earthquakes occur. Earthquake precursors can be divided into microscopic precursors and macroscopic precursors.

Microscopic precursors are abnormal phenomena observed by instruments.

Macro precursors refer to various phenomena directly perceived by human senses, that is, the macro anomalies of earthquakes introduced below.

Macroscopic anomalies of earthquakes

A large number of earthquake examples show that the untimely cooling of wells and springs has increased and decreased; Abnormal behaviors and habits of animals; Suddenly there was a rumbling sound from deep underground; Color light images different from thunderstorm and lightning in clear night sky, such as untimely cold flowering of flowers and trees, are closely related to earthquakes. We call these anomalies macroscopic anomalies of earthquakes.

In areas with medium and long-term earthquake prediction background, such as earthquake-prone areas and key earthquake monitoring and prevention areas, it is of great significance to mobilize the masses to observe and collect macro anomalies, capture earthquake precursors and report them to the earthquake department in time, so as to do a good job in earthquake prediction and reduce casualties.

(1) groundwater anomaly

Before the earthquake, well water and spring water levels rose and fell, turned flowers, whirled, bubbled, turned sand, floated oil flowers, became muddy, changed color, changed flavor, heated up and sprayed water.

Seismologists and people have summed up ballads that vividly reflect the law of groundwater change before the earthquake:

Well water is a treasure, and the precursor comes early. When there is no rain, the spring water is turbid and the well water comes out early.

The water level rises and falls, and flowers are bubbling. Some change color, some change taste.

It's going to rain, and the water will make trouble. Establish a macro network and report it quickly.

(2) Animal abnormality:

(1) Cave animals, such as rats and snakes. Their abnormal behaviors before the earthquake include: a large number of holes appeared during hibernation; The activity law is abnormal, and the young are moving in groups; Screaming, panicking, or being stupid, not afraid of people, upset.

(2) Aquatic animals, such as fish frogs in rivers, reservoirs and ponds. The common abnormal behaviors before the earthquake are: floating on the water, tumbling and jumping, rotating, coma, sudden change of activity law and so on.

③ Ground animals, such as horses, cows, pigs, dogs and cats. The abnormal behaviors before the earthquake include: not entering the nest, circling around, climbing over the fence, not listening to the master's orders, abnormal barking, panic, listlessness, inability to lie down, etc.

④ Flying animals, such as chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons, birds and insects. Their abnormal behaviors include: abnormal flying, screaming, not entering the nest and not returning to the nest. Or flying around in a cage, changing your lifestyle will be boring.

Chinese people wrote a vivid ballad according to the abnormal reaction of animals before the earthquake:

Animals have signs before earthquakes, so it is very important to prevent and treat them by groups.

Cattle, sheep, mules and horses don't enter the circle, pigs don't eat dogs and bite people.

Ducks don't go into the water and make noise on the shore, but chickens fly up the tree and scream loudly.

The snake came out of the hole in the ice and snow, and the big cat ran with the kitten in its mouth.

The rabbit jumped and bumped, and the fish jumped into the water.

Bees are moving noisily, but pigeons are too scared to fly back to their nests.

Every household observes and comprehensively predicts the abnormal situation.

(3) Plant abnormality:

Before the earthquake, some plants sometimes went out of their normal way, flowering and bearing fruit in an untimely and cold way, or blossoming and bearing fruit again. For example, in late June of the year before the Haicheng M = 7 earthquake 1 1.0975. Some apricot trees have blossomed. Before the Tangshan earthquake of magnitude 7. 8 July 28th 1976, June 5438+0975+00 Many plants such as pear trees near Tangshan all bloomed twice in advance.

(4) thermal anomaly:

In some earthquakes, especially large earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above, the thermal anomaly before the earthquake is extremely prominent. This is because, before a strong earthquake, due to the intensive accumulation of in-situ stress, underground thermal energy will change dramatically and be transported to the atmosphere through some channels, so people feel sultry and other thermal anomalies. However, compared with the high temperature during normal meteorological activities, this thermal anomaly before the earthquake has a smaller distribution range and shorter duration, and is controlled by the active tectonic zone, which is often characterized by rapid temperature rise in a short time, uneven distribution of hot pressing and abnormal smell.

(5) Earthlight-impending earthquake signal

Ground light is a luminous phenomenon caused by earthquake recitation. The appearance of ground light often indicates that an earthquake is about to happen. Most ground light phenomena occur almost at the same time as earthquakes, but some also occur some time before earthquakes. For example, the ground light of the Tangshan earthquake usually appears within six hours before the earthquake to the blink of an eye, and most of it appears ten minutes before the earthquake. According to the summary of the data about terrestrial light in the past great earthquakes, the shapes of terrestrial light include strip light, strip flash, sheet flash, spherical light, fire light, column light and so on. There are blue, red, white, yellow, orange, green and other colors. In addition, there may be rare composite colors, such as silver blue, white purple and green cyan.

When observing terrestrial light, we should pay special attention to its differences from lights, arc lights, reflected light over cities, phosphorescence, lightning and fireworks.

(6) Earthquake-earthquake, the emergency warning before the earthquake is a kind of noise emitted from the deep underground before the earthquake and a common macro phenomenon of the earthquake. It has the following characteristics:

① Earthquakes usually occur a few minutes, hours, days or dozens of days before the earthquake, and most of them occur a few minutes before the earthquake, which is an imminent earthquake signal.

(2) Before the earthquake, the earth sounds people heard included the rumble of machines, thunder, guns, drums, tearing of cloth, whistling of strong winds, empty noise in ditches or voices.

(3) Rock outcrops and earthquakes near water make it easy for people to hear the voice of the earth.

(4) There was an earthquake in a large area before the great earthquake, and it was the strongest in the epicenter. According to the characteristics of the ground sound, we can judge the size of the earthquake and the direction of the epicenter. Generally speaking, the louder the voice and the duller the tone, the bigger the earthquake, and vice versa, the smaller the earthquake.

Generally speaking, when you hear the sound of the earth, the ground will vibrate quickly. Therefore, when you hear the earth's louder and louder voice, you should leave the house immediately. When it is too late, you can temporarily hide in the lower corner of the pit and other safer places.

The key to using earth sound to prevent earthquakes is to distinguish it from the roar of wind, thunder, tractor, car and plane.

(7) Electromagnetic wave phenomenon before earthquake:

When the underground rock breaks, the electromagnetic field of the earth will change suddenly and violently, producing abrupt electromagnetic waves. Its macro performance is as follows: the radio disappears normally and makes harsh noise; The TV you watch suddenly has no audio and video, with Xue Huadian and irregular ripples, accompanied by noises such as "snapping"; When no current passes, the idle or unswitched fluorescent tubes suddenly glow. These are all phenomena caused by sudden electromagnetic interference. The above macroscopic anomalies are all precursors before the earthquake. If the general public observes these anomalies, they should report to the earthquake department as soon as possible or take risks as soon as possible.