How to scientifically manage the planted rape in order to achieve high yield?

In autumn, the climatic conditions change greatly. In some areas, it is rainy, the temperature is low, and it is easy to accumulate water in the field. In some areas, insufficient rain will cause poor growth of rapeseed, plant diseases and insect pests, lack of seedlings and reduced production. Therefore, in order to obtain high yield of rape, field management of rape in autumn is very important, especially to cultivate strong seedlings and improve the overwintering ability of rape. Let's see what needs to be done.

First, select improved varieties.

Under the premise of high yield of rapeseed, suitable seeds should be selected according to local conditions. Rape is a hybrid variety, so it is necessary to choose varieties that are relatively resistant to disease, drought and joy according to the occurrence of local diseases, and at the same time choose varieties characteristics according to their own planting level. For example, the mold is relatively small, the plant height is moderate, and you can choose close planting, concentrated flowering, mature matching, yield, cracking, cold tolerance and so on. Pay attention to whether the packaged seeds are clean, whether the eggs are full and whether there are molds. And ask for an invoice to avoid problems. Then, in seed selection, farmers are not advised to buy unpacked seed hills, which can not guarantee the purity and germination rate of rapeseed.

Second, hit the whole tree seedlings.

Rape is generally planted with rice, corn and soybean stubble, and rice has been planted in recent two years. In this case, in order to do a good job of water management in the late stage of rice, it is generally necessary to drain and dry in the field about 15 days before rice harvest. In rainy weather, ditch and drain in time. In case of drought, irrigating horse racing one week before rice cutting to moisten rice fields is helpful to "sow once and sweep the grave once". If the stump in front is a field, plant it while the soil is still there. If there is straw, rice plants must be harvested with mud, and the straw should be broken and sprayed evenly without leaving high piles. After the land is collected, it should be sorted out in time, and it should be flat, slender, practical and clean when it is finished.

Third, timely sowing.

The best time for rape planting is generally in the middle and late September, so the best seedling age for transplanting is basically about 35 days. Large-scale planting can sow in stages, prolong the maturity of rape and prolong the mechanical recovery time. According to the seeder, soil fertility and soil moisture, determine the appropriate sowing amount. Generally, no sowing amount is 0.25 ~ 0.35 kg, sowing is early and fertility is good, so the reasonable lower limit of water content is adopted, otherwise the upper limit is adopted. We can seize the appropriate seeder to promote the early development of mother-in-law. If the crop rotation can be sorted out in time and sown as early as possible, strong seedlings and rape can be planted before winter. Generally speaking, strong seedlings must be formed before winter to safely winter, so there must be enough time. In order to ensure sufficient pre-winter growth period of rape, it is necessary to sow it early in time.

Fourth, precise fertilization.

Rape planting should be scientifically fertilized, generally paying attention to clan, early seedling fertilizer, wax fertilizer and moss fertilizer. Then for the base fertilizer, it would be better to have farmyard manure, but now there is almost no farmyard manure, so the base fertilizer is 60-70kg compound fertilizer 200-300g, and rape is a favorite crop, so it is necessary to fully supply fertilizer. (David Asher, North? Exposure (American TV series, season famous sayings) The fertilization technology of direct seeding rape should use sufficient base fertilizer, and the fertilizer for seedling should be used earlier and more important, and the fertilizer for moss should be stable, and it should be promoted in winter and spring. Before cultivation, 25 kg of 45% compound fertilizer, 5 kg of urea and 0.5 ~ 1 kg of Pengfei were mixed together per mu and sprayed as base fertilizer. Combine the fine seedlings, hand in the powder tombstone as soon as possible, 5-7.5 kg urea or 2-3 kg urea plus 300-500 kg human and animal fertilizer. Wax fertilizer is mainly warm farm organic fertilizer. Generally, 500 ~ 750 kg of radish, 3 ~ 5 kg of urea for human and animal fertilizers, and water to keep warm and prevent freezing. At the beginning of March, moss fertilizer was applied to the moss in the county, the moss was 5 ~ 8 cm high, and 5 ~ 8 kg urea was poured on the radish to promote moss bolting.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) pest control

Prevention of rape diseases and insect pests is also very important. Diseases and insect pests are also one of the main reasons that affect rape yield, especially at seedling stage. Common pests are aphids, cabbage worms and so on. These pests will cause serious harm to the leaves, roots and other parts of rape. Therefore, we must use drugs reasonably to prevent it, and we can use drugs such as Maladian emulsion. Then, a week before transplanting, appropriate amount of carbendazim, emetic and other drugs were sprayed to prevent downy mildew and ensure the normal growth of rape.