From which dynasty, who and which poem did the yellow flower become thinner?

People are thinner than yellow flowers —— Reading Li Qingzhao's Drunken Flowers

Fog filled the clouds, and the days were spent in sorrow. Kapoor was among the birds in the incense burner.

The festival is also a double ninth festival, and the jade pillow gauze kitchen is half cold at night.

Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves.

Don't say clear autumn is not a person, the west wind rolls the flag and beads curtain, and the person in the curtain is thinner than that Huang Ju.

-Li Qingzhao's "Drunken Flowers"

On the surface, Li Qingzhao's first poem "Drunk Flowers" is about the lonely mood in late autumn, but in fact it is about missing her husband on the Double Ninth Festival.

In the last film, I wrote a crisp autumn scene, which was a misty and thick cloud. This gloomy weather is unbearable, and it is cold and lonely at midnight. I sat indoors alone, watching the smoke curling up in the incense burner, killing endless loneliness and sadness. In a few words, the melancholy state of a young woman in a boudoir is outlined. After the loneliness of the golden beast was dispelled by the brain, it was followed by festivals and Double Ninth Festival. This is a hint that when this beautiful holiday, the husband is not around. The ancients attached great importance to the Double Ninth Festival, which was a day for family reunion, drinking with each other and climbing mountains. Yiyouzi has a very strong emotional color, which highlights her sad mood. Jade pillow gauze kitchen, it's cool in the middle of the night, jade pillow sleeps alone, gauze kitchen sleeps alone, what a lonely sleepless night? What is cool in the middle of the night is not only the feeling brought by the cooling season, but also a taste in my heart.

In the next film, I further express my feelings. At dusk, I feel sad when I admire chrysanthemums alone. At this time, the chrysanthemum is extremely beautiful, and the faint fragrant sleeves are even more lonely and embarrassing, suggesting that she can't give her thoughts to her husband. The last three sentences, written at the beginning of the west wind, the curtain rolled in, making people more worried. Yellow flowers are used to describe people who are haggard because of lovesickness, which sets off the deep meaning of not giving up. And a thin word, in the whole article, played the role of finishing touch, pushed the word sadness to the highest peak and brought a strong shock to readers. Here, the shutter West Wind uses the expression of inverted sentences, turning the normal word order West Wind shutter upside down, which not only has a sonorous sound, but also properly meets the needs of using words, and highlights the artistic conception of West Wind by putting two high tones at the end of the sentence, which is thinner than yellow flowers and blends with ecstasy in the words, and the artistic effect is very obvious.

Li Qingzhao

Li Qingzhao was born in Jinan, Shandong. She is an outstanding poetess in Song Dynasty and an outstanding representative of graceful and restrained school in Song Dynasty.

Li Qingzhao was born in Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong for seven years (1084). She has suffered a lot in her life and experienced too many misfortunes. Li Qingzhao's talent and immortal ci have established her important position in the history of literature. Some critics compare her with Qu Yuan, Tao Qian and Du Fu. Her literary name and works are immortal. In Li Qingzhao's words, every capital is ice and jade, such as "like pouring pearls of all sizes into a plate of jade", which makes people fondle it.

Li Qingzhao was born in Mingshui, Jinan (Zhangqiu), and his father Li was a scholar in Xining in the ninth year. In the Biography of Song Shili Gefei, there is such a written record: "Women are clear, and their poems are especially famous. She married Tingzhi Zhao's son Ming Cheng, and she was named Yi 'an Jushi. "

When Li Qingzhao was two years old, her biological mother died. Raised by my grandfather and two uncles who returned home at an advanced age. Xiao Qingzhao was clever and witty, loved by his grandfather and enlightened him. At the age of five, he began to dabble in poetry, history and hundreds of books. He was lively and elegant, dignified and reserved, and everyone in the neighborhood loved him.

Before Li Qingzhao was sixteen, she spent her time in Mingshui, her hometown. The restless spring with clear water and numerous veins is the place to raise her. In summer and autumn, she went to Xiting and Lianhu. The beauty of her hometown is the source of her creation. 1099, when Li Qingzhao was sixteen, she moved to Bianjing with her father Li. At that time, Li was a minister of rites and an assistant minister of the official department. This year, Li Qingzhao wrote two small characters, fresh and beautiful, meaningful and blockbuster, which inspired her to embark on the road of literary creation. A poem like a dream:

I often think of dusk by the river.

As drunk as a fiddler, we didn't remember anything on the way back!

After having a good time, we rowed home.

Mistaken into the depths of lotus.

Fight for crossing, fight for crossing,

Frightened, all the egrets in the shallows flew away.

The lyricist was addicted to alcohol since he was a child, drunk, rowed the boat, strayed into the depths of the lotus, and was shocked by a pool of seagulls and herons. Reading makes people smell lotus flowers and feel the scenery.

Another word "Memories of Two-Tone Wang Sun":

The waves on the lake are boundless,

Autumn is dusk, red is thin, and fragrance is less.

Water and mountains are close to people,

Endless, endless.

Lotus seeds are getting old,

Clear dew, wash and spend flowers frequently.

The heron sleeping in Sha Ou will not look back,

Like hate, people return early.

The first part of this word is about enjoying the happiness of autumn scenery. The next one is reluctant to go home. Through the description of autumn scenery, the author expressed his love for nature. Language is as natural as autumn wind and autumn water, which makes people immersive.

When Li Qingzhao was seventeen years old, she wrote a poem "Like a Dream", which is also very famous:

Last night, it was raining and suddenly the wind blew.

Deep sleep won't leave a hangover.

Ask the shutter man,

However, it is said that "Haitang is still there."

"You know what? Do you know that?/You know what?

It should be green, fat and thin. "

The author drank too much wine at night, so I woke up easily this morning in spring, and the remaining wine was still lingering. But now I think of that night, that storm, the author thinks, the begonia flowers are dying, the green leaves are fatter, and they are not as careless as the maids.

Li Qingzhao 18 years old, married Zhao Mingcheng, 2/Kloc-0 years old. Zhao Mingcheng was a business school. Zhao Mingcheng is Tingzhi Zhao's third son. This year, Li was also the foreign minister and assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites.

The combination of Li Qingzhao and Zhao Mingcheng is not only a "perfect match", but also a "victory for lovers of good friends". They have the same hobbies, and their talents are one in a million. Of course, Li Qingzhao's literary talent is above that of Zhao Mingcheng.

Zhao Mingcheng and Li Qingzhao are closely linked because of their common interest in inscriptions. In order to buy books with inscriptions, they would rather wear plain clothes to eat coarse grains or even pawn their clothes. Every time Zhao Mingcheng buys an inscription in Suoguo Temple, he always remembers to buy some dried and fresh fruits, which shows her husband's incomparable care for his wife everywhere. Once, Zhao Mingcheng got a book treasure. Shurangama Sutra written by Bai Juyi. His first thought was his wife, and he called her "Xi Jun" with love and respect. As soon as I got the white iron, I got on my horse and ran home. After returning home, enjoy it with my wife. After reading it for the second time, I was still awake and excited.

Good flowers do not bloom often, and good scenery will not last forever. While Li Qingzhao was intoxicated with the happiness of her newly married life, she was caught by unexpected events, making her a victim of factional struggle at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.

1 102, Li Qingzhao 19 years old. An important event in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty, that is, the establishment of the Yuan You Party History Monument, was the result of factional struggle in the Northern Song Dynasty. Yuan You is the year number of Song Zhezong, the Party Monument is the blacklist of 309 people in power in Song Zhezong, and Su Shi ranks first. Li Qingzhao's father, Li, is the eldest son of the Su family, so he was not spared. There are 309 people and their descendants on the monument, and it is forbidden to be an official or live permanently in Beijing.

1 106, out of providence, a comet appeared in the sky, and the Yuan You Party Monument on the east wall of Wende Hall was suddenly broken into two pieces. This is the wrath of heaven. Song Huizong was so scared that he sent someone to secretly destroy the monuments of other Yuan You political parties.

Li Qingzhao's father, Li, was slandered as a traitor. Her father was very powerful and his official position rose again and again. Li Qingzhao was anxious to save her father, regardless of the old ethics that the bride could not "talk to her father". She actually wrote a poem to her father, begging him to save herself. Historical facts show that Li Qingzhao failed to save his father.

Because Li Qingzhao is a traitor's child, the imperial edict stipulates that she can't live in Beijing. She was forced to leave her husband Zhao Mingcheng and return to her hometown in Mingshui, Shandong. Newlyweds are separated like cowherd and weaver girl, and cannot be reunited. His lovesickness can be seen from Li Qingzhao's two poems. A word representing "prune":

Red lotus root fragrant residual jade Gentiana macrophylla.

Take off your clothes gently,

Alone in the blue boat.

Who sent the brocade book?

When the word goose came back,

The west building is full of moons.

Flowers bloom and fall, and water flows in vain.

A kind of acacia,

Two luxury.

I can't eliminate this situation,

Just frown,

But in my heart.

This word was written by the author in memory of her husband Zhao Mingcheng, who left shortly after his first marriage. It expresses the poet's deep love for her husband and reveals the lovesickness of couples living on the same side.

In autumn, the lotus is fragrant, so the mat can't be laid. The poet was listless and at a loss, and traveled by boat alone. He wanted to go out for fun, but he didn't expect to see wild geese in the air, which aroused his eager hope for her husband to send a letter.

The falling water also touched the poet's parting feelings. The same kind of lovesickness, two people are concerned about two places, this feeling is endless, and they can only frown to their hearts.

This word is faint and affectionate, and it is endless.

Another poem by Li Qingzhao, Drunken Flowers, wrote about the Double Ninth Festival, in which the author missed her distant husband and drank wine to drown his sorrows. Not only is grief hard to disappear, but people are thinner than chrysanthemums.

The fog is thick and the clouds are always sad.

Renau Xiao Jin beast

This festival is the Double Ninth Festival.

Jade pillow gauze kitchen,

It's cool at midnight.

Put wine in the east after dusk.

And Dimfragrance and sleeves.

Don't die,

The window curtain rolls west wind,

People are as thin as yellow flowers.

On this day, from morning till night, the sky was covered with foggy clouds. This gloomy weather is even more depressing. In the room, she looked at the golden beast-shaped stove alone, and the smoke from kitchen chimneys kept curling up. It's really boring It's the Double Ninth Festival again, and the weather is cold. I slept until midnight, and the coolness penetrated into the one-eyed curtains and jade pillows. Compared with the warmth of husband and wife reunion, how can it not be frustrating!

The host sat in the room all day and didn't come out to enjoy the chrysanthemums until dusk. Putting the wine in the east fence, three glasses of wine and two lamps reminded her of a daydream about drinking with her husband. She can't stand the loneliness in front of her. The west wind blows the curtain, and the slender chrysanthemum petals sway. Poets are thinner than delicate chrysanthemum petals!

After the monument of Yuan You Party was broken by lightning, it was equal to God's vindication of Yuan You Party. Li Qingzhao and her husband sometimes live together and sometimes live apart. The separated life alienated their feelings, and Li Qingzhao felt abandoned like Chen Ajiao and Zhuo Wenjun. At that time, it was common for men to have three wives and four concubines. A virtuous wife has something to say. Li Qingzhao's poem "Feng Tai Yi Chui Xiao" expresses her ambivalence very euphemistically.

Golden man,

Turn red,

Get up. You haven't combed your hair yet.

Ren Baoyu idled about,

Hang the curtain in the sun.

Fear of leisure and hatred,

How much do you want to say?

I lost weight this year,

Non-dry wine,

Not a sad autumn.

Hugh. And come back here,

Millions of "sunshine passes",

It's hard to stay.

Studying in Wu Lingren,

Smoke locked on Qin Lou.

Only the running water in front of the building,

Thinking about me all day, staring at me.

Staring at this place,

Now it's added,

New sadness.

In the lion-beast-shaped stove, the fire has been extinguished, the ashes have cooled, and the brain fragrance is no longer released. I couldn't sleep all night, tossing and turning, and the red cover was turned over. I didn't get up until morning, and I didn't bother to comb my hair after getting up. The dust on the cover of the treasure is already very thick. A word "careless" expresses the deep sorrow of the hostess. The root of trouble is the fear of parting. The long-term separation between the two places alienated her husband's feelings and made him an abandoned Chen Ajiao and Zhuo Wenjun. I have bitterness in my heart, but I still can't say it. The newcomers have lost weight, not because of drinking, nor because of sad autumn! Why on earth? Let her husband think for himself.

"Hugh! If you go back, it will be difficult to stay in "Yangguan" for thousands of times. " Jump from before parting to after parting. Poets are most afraid of separation, but they want to separate. It's hard to sing "the man who went to the West for no reason" for thousands of times. Qin Lou, also known as Fenglou and Fengtai. According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period, someone was good at blowing flute, for example, he built the Phoenix Terrace with his wife. Blowing Xiao attracts the phoenix overnight. The couple took it. The hostess borrowed this allusion and hoped that the husband and wife would never give up and get along for a hundred years. "Only when there is running water in front of the building can you miss me and stare at me all day." The owner of the lyrics is fascinated and moved by real feelings. Wu Lingren in her heart is getting farther and farther away, and she is the only one in Qin Lou, leaning against the building and putting the running water in front. Staring at this place, a new sadness was added.

1 126, Li Qingzhao is 43 years old, in the first year of Jingkang, Song Qinzong. In 65438+ February, Jin Bing broke Bianjing, which is called "Jingkang Change" in history. Yue Fei called it "the shame of Jingkang" in the word "Man Jiang Hong". In April of the following year, 8 jin j captured thousands of people, including Song Huizong, Song Qinzong, imperial clan and empresses. And assist ministers, musicians, craftsmen and a large number of property, cultural relics, mighty north. Bianjing was plundered and the Northern Song Dynasty perished.

1 127, Song Gaozong established the Southern Song Dynasty regime in Nanjing, and moved the capital to Hangzhou in the first year.

In July, Zhao Mingcheng returned to jiangning house as a magistrate. In December, there was a mutiny in Qingzhou, Shandong Province. Li Qingzhao kept more than ten books and cultural relics at home and burned them in Qingzhou mutiny.

1 128 years, Li Qingzhao is 45 years old. In the fire of Qingzhou mutiny, she took Zhao Miaotie to Jiangning. Through Zhenjiang, Zhao Mingcheng praised it as robbed, so don't lose it.

1 129, Li Qingzhao is 46 years old. In February, Zhao Mingcheng was dismissed as the magistrate of jiangning house.

In March, the couple are going to Wuhu by boat. To Chiyang, passing through Xiang Yu Temple, Li Qingzhao touched the scene and wrote the poem Wujiang River to pay tribute to the hero Xiang Yu:

Living as an outstanding person,

Death is also a ghost.

Thinking of Xiang Yu,

Refuse to cross the river east.

This poem not only praised Xiang Yu's heroism, but also flogged the surrenders who dragged out an ignoble existence at that time, expressing Li Qingzhao's patriotic feelings.

In May, Zhao Mingcheng received a letter from Song Gaozong and was appointed as the year of Huzhou. Now that we have received the imperial edict, we must immediately rush to Nanjing to appear before the emperor. Li Qingzhao took a boat to bid farewell to Zhao Mingcheng until June 13th, when Zhao Mingcheng changed land and waved goodbye.

One hot summer day, Zhao Mingcheng rode a horse to Nanjing. For a constantly chauffeured who has never suffered since he was a child, he suffered terribly all the way. In Nanjing, Zhao Mingcheng was diagnosed with malaria. After a month and a half, it was not until the end of July that Li Qingzhao learned that Zhao Mingcheng was seriously ill. She arrived in Nanjing by boat day and night. Zhao Mingcheng was seriously ill and died on August 18.

Li Qingzhao arranged the funeral for her husband, and she was also seriously ill.

1 132, Li Qingzhao is 49 years old. In Hangzhou, she fell ill in spring and became more and more critical in summer, so that cows and ants were neck and neck. At this time, Zhang Ruzhou cheated his brother to cheat. Zhang Ruzhou's purpose is to plunder the cultural relics in Li Qingzhao's hands. No, just beat her every day. In autumn, Li Qingzhao and Zhang divorced.

L1155 ~1156, Li Qingzhao walked for seventy-two or seventy-four years and died in a banana plantation near the West Lake in Hangzhou. In her later years, she lived in Hangzhou for more than 20 years and lived a lonely life. Like the devil, her worries haunt her endlessly. Her words "speak slowly and softly" are a portrayal of her daily life:

Looking for it,

Cold and clear,

Sad and sad.

When the temperature was warm and cold that day,

This is the most difficult to arouse interest.

Three glasses and two glasses of leftover light wine,

How to beat him? It's late. It's urgent.

Wild goose crossing also,

Is sad,

We're old acquaintances.

Yellow flowers are piled all over the floor.

Haggard and hurt,

Who can pick it now?

Look at the window,

How to live alone in the dark?

The Indus River is drizzling,

At dusk, little by little.

This time,

What a sad sentence!

Li Qingzhao's Slow Whispering has been well-known for hundreds of years. The hostess got up very bored in the morning. She wanted to look for something when she lost it, but she didn't know what to look for. Cold and bleak, terrible. The weather is hot and cold. Wild geese are familiar.

In my own yard, the chrysanthemums have been damaged and piled all over the floor, and the withered chrysanthemums can't be picked. In this lonely, cold and miserable environment, the owner of the word is guarding the window. How can he be born alone? Even more embarrassing, it began to rain in Mao Mao at dusk, and the drops hit the tung leaves. How can this taste be summed up in a sad word!

Some people say that this poem is the most touching one in the Song Dynasty.

When Li Qingzhao lived in Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty in his later years, he wrote a Song of Eternal Sorrow, which was tragic and desolate and made people cry.

Sunset melts gold,

Twilight and clouds combine,

Where are people?

With willow smoke,

Playing the flute and complaining,

What do you know about spring?

Lantern Festival,

Combined with the weather,

The second is that there is no wind and rain?

Call each other,

Car BMW,

Thanks to his drinking buddies and poems.

On the day of zhongzhou,

The boudoir is free,

Remember points three to five.

Spread a green crown,

Golden snow willow,

Cluster helps Chu.

Now Haggard,

Wind and frost on the temples,

Afraid of seeing it at night.

Better hide under the curtains,

Listen to people laughing.

The setting sun is like melting red gold, and the twilight clouds are like jade surrounding the garden and the moon. The author can't help but sigh and ask: Where are people? This is a sigh full of confusion and pain. The last three sentences are about early spring. Willow trees smoked by mist have sprouted; The flute played a sad tune "Plum Blossom Fall", which Chimonanthus praecox has already played. Although it is early spring, there is not much spring. Lantern Festival, although the weather is fine, but will not be stormy for a while? Therefore, the beautiful scenery now does not interest her at all. Although the poet's evening scene is bleak, because of his high talent, great fame and good family background, she often comes to visit her, invites her to drink and asks her to write poems, but she refuses.

Recalling the time when I was in Bianjing, I had plenty of leisure time. In auspicious festivals, people attach the most importance to the Lantern Festival. That night, my roommate wore a kingfisher feather and a snow willow hat sewn with gold thread, dressed neatly and beautifully. Nowadays, the poet has experienced too many misfortunes, such as the ruin of his country and the death of his husband. He was haggard with torture and his hair was unkempt. Afraid of being seen during the day, I can only go out at night. There are too many tourists who take a midnight snack, so she doesn't have the courage to face the noise in front of her. Let's listen to people's laughter under the curtain.

It has been more than 800 years since Li Qingzhao left us, but her ci works have infinite artistic appeal. Now we read her works as if it were yesterday, as if it were in front of us. Li Qingzhao and her ci will live forever.

References:

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Zui Hua Yin

Li Qingzhao

Fog filled the clouds, and the days were spent in sorrow. Kapoor was among the birds in the incense burner. The festival is also a double ninth festival, and the jade pillow gauze kitchen is half cold at night. Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Don't say clear autumn is not a person, the west wind rolls the flag and beads curtain, and the person in the curtain is thinner than that Huang Ju.

According to legend, there is a story in Li Qingzhao's "Chongyang Drunken Flower Yin": "Yi 'an shows sincerity with Chongyang Drunken Flower Yin. I really admire you, and I'm ashamed to catch you. I want to win. I thank all the guests. Those who didn't eat or sleep for three days and nights got 50 yuan, which is the symbol of my friend Lu Defu. Dave played it over and over again and said, "There are only three wonderful sentences". Ming Cheng scoffed and replied,' Don't let go of the soul, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. Peace is easy "(see Yuan Yishen's Tianku). This story is not necessarily true, but the most wonderful thing about this word is the last three sentences.

Now let's look at the whole song. The beginning of this word describes a series of beautiful scenery and beautiful environment. "Mist and thick clouds" is a metaphor for cigarettes coming out of incense burners. However, the ethereal fragrance makes people worry and feel that the day is so long. Someone here pointed out that although she was in a comfortable environment, she still had sadness in her heart. The sentence "Double Ninth Festival" points out that time is a cool autumn night. The "gauze kitchen" is an exquisite indoor device, with blue gauze or paintings pasted on the hollow wooden partition. In the first two sentences of the next film, Chongyang enjoys wine and chrysanthemums. "Dongli" uses the poem of Tao Yuanming's "Picking chrysanthemums under the Dongli". "People are thinner than yellow flowers" refers to chrysanthemums. "Book of Rites" monthly order: "There are yellow flowers in the house". "There is a faint fragrance all over the sleeves" also refers to chrysanthemums. From the beginning to this, it was written that the environment was good and the times were good: there were golden beasts burning incense, a "jade pillow gauze kitchen" and a bouquet of wine and flowers. This is a good environment for the couple to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival. However, now that husband and wife are separated, the beauty of this festival has caused people's sadness. Don't hate it. The first poem is only about the melancholy mood in a beautiful environment, highlighting the description of these beautiful scenery, with the aim of strengthening the description of her sadness.

The last three sentences "people are thinner than yellow flowers" are epigrams. The word "thin" is also an eye word. The eyes of words are still human eyes, which is the place where the spirit of the whole word is concentrated.

In poetry, as an epigram, it is generally not easy to take it out. The sentence "people are thinner than yellow flowers" can leave a deep impression on people because it uses metaphors to describe vivid characters and the sentences are arranged properly, which is also one of the reasons. Before this sentence, she first used the phrase "don't die" to lower her voice, and then added a dynamic sentence "the window curtain rolls west wind". Then she took out the epigram that "people are thinner than yellow flowers". The characters didn't appear until the end. This epigram is not isolated, the three sentences are linked together, and the first two sentences revolve around the last sentence, playing the role of green leaves and red flowers. After careful arrangement by the author, it is very vivid, just like a close-up in a movie. There is a word "thin" at the end of this word, which comes down to the affection of the whole word. All kinds of scenery descriptions above are to express this spirit, so it can really be called "the eye of the word". In terms of refining characters, Li Qingzhao has another phrase "green and fat, red and thin" in Dream, which is widely read. Here, she said that "people are thinner than yellow flowers", which has never been said before, has its outstanding creativity.

This word was written by the author after his early separation from her husband Zhao Mingcheng. It expresses the poet's loneliness and lovesickness through mourning for autumn.

The last movie and cool autumn scenery. The first two sentences are written in the daytime: "The fog is thick and the clouds are sad forever." This "mist and thick clouds" not only covered the whole sky, but also covered the poet's heart. The Beast of Renau Xiao Jin wrote a long and boring time, and at the same time set off the sadness of the environment. Starting from the evening, the last three sentences first point out the festival: "Double Ninth Festival". Then, from some distinctive things such as "jade pillow gauze kitchen" and the poet's special feelings, the autumn chill that penetrates people's skin is written, suggesting the heroine's mood in the poem. The words "worry" and "cool" run through "eternal day" and "night". Late autumn, season and climate, material state and human feelings are already in sight. This is the reason for the next movie "People are thinner than yellow flowers". The next movie is about the ninth festival. The first two sentences are chrysanthemum appreciation and drinking. The ancients had the habit of enjoying chrysanthemums and drinking alcohol on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Meng Haoran, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said, "I'll come back when it's chrysanthemum time." During the Song Dynasty, the wind never weakened. Therefore, on the Double Ninth Festival, the poet still wants to "drink in the East" until "after dusk", and the fragrance of chrysanthemums overflows his sleeves. What these two sentences say is that the festive season is still the same, but the situation of people is different: "The immortal emperor rolls the west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers." Contrast up and down, many things are different, the past and the present are different. As far as the relationship between the upper and lower films is concerned, this one is about the result.

Li Qingzhao lived a happy love life and family life in her early years. As women in the boudoir, due to the constraints of feudal society, their activities are restricted and their life experiences are also heavily constrained, even the upper-class intellectual women like Li Qingzhao are no exception. Therefore, relatively speaking, their requirements for love are higher than those of ordinary men, and their experience is more delicate. Therefore, when the author and her husband parted, facing the monotonous life, they could not help expressing their sadness and farewell by cherishing Spring and Qiu Lai. This word is a reflection of this emotion. Literally, the author does not directly express the pain and lovesickness of living alone, but this feeling is everywhere in his writing. This is written through layer by layer.

Clever metaphor is also one of the important reasons why this word is widely read. In ancient poetry, it is not uncommon to compare people's thinness with flowers. For example, "People are as thin as Qingyang" (Song's anonymous dream), "People are thin, how much thinner than plum blossoms and plum blossoms?" (Song Chenggai's "Passing the Jiangchengzi") "Heaven knows, the sky is thin." (Qin Guan "Water") and so on. But compared with Li Qingzhao, this article is so successful. The reason is that the metaphor of this word is closely combined with the overall image of the whole word, which is very suitable for the identity and emotion of the poetess and is friendly to read.

In the words, the technique of baking clouds to support the moon is also properly used, which has a hidden charm. For example, the next article is about chrysanthemum, which is used to describe people. But there is not a word "chrysanthemum" in the whole article. "Dongli" originally used Tao Yuanming's poem "Picking chrysanthemums under the Dongli", but the word "picking chrysanthemums" was hidden, in fact, it was hidden. For another example, the same is true of the word "89". Before the word "nine", there was already the word "chrysanthemum". Because the ancients had the habit of drinking chrysanthemum wine on September 9, the word "chrysanthemum" was also omitted here. Another example is "dark fragrance", where "dark fragrance" refers to the fragrance of chrysanthemum, not the fragrance of other stamens. "Yellow flower", that is, "chrysanthemum". As can be seen from the above, there is not a word "chrysanthemum" in the whole word, but the color, fragrance and shape of "chrysanthemum" are all on the paper. There is a turning point in the word, a layer of thinking is added when singing, and the charm of the poem is also thickened.

The rhetorical technique is also one of the noteworthy artistic features of Ci. Ming Mao Ying said in Ci De that people "only know how to memorize" (meaning "people are thinner than yellow flowers"), but they don't know that beauty lies in "not knowing the truth". This statement is very insightful. The sentence "Mo Dao" can actually be compared with the sentence "How much leisure" in He Zhu's Jade Case. The difference is that the sentence "Mo Dao" contains rhetorical questions and provocative questions.

Yuan Yi's "nirvana in fire" is a story like this: "Yi An sent a letter to Zhao Mingcheng in Chongyang, which read" Drunken Flowers ". I really admire you, and I'm ashamed. I want to win. All those who thanked the guests and didn't eat or sleep for three days and nights got 50 yuan, which could easily be regarded as the symbol of their friend Lu Defu. Dave played it over and over again and said, "There are only three wonderful sentences". Mingcheng. Answer:' The Tao never dies, and the curtain rolls in the west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. It is easy to be safe. "No matter how credible this story is, the spread of this story alone is enough to show that Li Qingzhao's life experience is not experienced by ordinary literati; His artistic style and skills are not imitated by ordinary poets. It is in this way that the image of a boudoir beauty is sentimental and fragile. Because this image is the product of a specific historical period and class in feudal society.