Lu You's View on Classical Chinese

1. Lu you's view of ci affairs, translated into full text of Yinshan people in Yuezhou;

Lu You was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). At the age of twelve, he could write poetry and composition. Deng Renlang added because his ancestors had official titles. Taking the Jinshi exam (in the Song Dynasty, taking the Jinshi exam for current officials or people with titles became a "lock hall") was recommended as the first. Qin Gui's grandson, Qin Gui, was just after Lu You, so Qin Gui was furious and committed a crime against the examiner who presided over the Jinshi exam. In the second year, Lu you was among the best in the examination department. Qin Gui obviously denounced Lu You, and Lu You has been admired by Qin Gui ever since. After Qin Gui's death, Lu You was appointed as the main book of Ningde, Fujian. Later, he was recommended as the imperial censor of the imperial edict department.

At that time, Yang Cun was in charge of the army guarding the capital for a long time, and Lu Youshang tried to explain to the emperor that there were many unjust, false and wrong cases. The emperor appreciated Lu You's opinion, so he dismissed Yang Cunzhong. Some dignitaries in the imperial court rushed to buy treasures and jade articles for the emperor. Lu You played the emperor: "Your Majesty took the word' damage' as the name of fasting, and abandoned it except the classic literature and Four Treasures of the Study; Some villains can't keep the meaning of the holy family. They always buy expensive jade for the emperor privately, which is contrary to the virtue of the holy family and requires strict prohibition. "

In response to the emperor's imperial edict, Lu You also said: "Anyone who is not a royal family or a consort, although he did have merits, can't just award it to the baron. Not long ago, someone was appointed as the commander-in-chief before the temple because he was the master of the emperor. Someone was in charge of the cabinet as a captain, disturbing the imperial system and asking for correction. " Therefore, Lu You was promoted to be the director of Dali Temple, and he was also a Zong Zheng.

After Song Xiaozong acceded to the throne, he was promoted to Lu You as the editor of the Privy Council and concurrently served as the censor of the Secret Sanctuary. Shi Hao and Huang Zushun recommended that Lu You be good at lyrics and be familiar with allusions, so the emperor summoned him and said, "Lu You is very knowledgeable, and his speech is practical and straightforward." Lu You entered the palace and said, "Your Majesty has just acceded to the throne, and it is time to issue an imperial decree to inform the world. However, the drawbacks of all official commanders' dereliction of duty should be selected and resolutely carved out in front of everyone. "

When the peace talks between the Southern Song Dynasty and the State of Jin came to fruition, Lu You wrote to the Privy Council and Zhongshu Province, saying, "Jiangzuo has never given up Jiankang (now Nanjing) to build its capital in other places since the Three Kingdoms. The royal family now lives in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou) just for convenience. The situation here is unstable, the reimbursement of supplies is inconvenient, and it is close to the sea route. I'm really worried about accidents. Once a peace agreement is signed and the oath has been made, the slightest action will be considered as a violation of the agreement. Now it's time to make an agreement with the Jin people. Jiankang and Lin 'an are both the locations of the royal family. The envoys of the State of Jin will worship the emperor, or go to Jiankang or Lin 'an, so that we can have a chance to build our capital, and they won't doubt us. "

At that time, Long Dayuan and Zeng You were in power in North Korea. Lu You said to Zhang Dao, an important minister of Zaifu, "Zeng You, Long Dayuan and other dignitaries planted their own henchmen and confused the emperor and morality. If you don't point them out today, you can't delete them in the future. " Zhang Dao immediately reported the matter to the emperor. The emperor asked who said this, and Zhang Dao said it was Lu You. The emperor was furious and demoted Lu You to Jiankang House. Soon he was transferred to Longxing House. People talked about Lu You's friendship with Taiwan Province to remonstrate with officials, clamored for right and wrong, and tried to persuade Zhang Jun to send troops to fight against nomadic people, so Lu You was dismissed from office and returned to his hometown. Soon, it was spread as Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan).

When Wang Yan was appointed as the special envoy of Fu Xuan in Sichuan and Shaanxi, he appointed Lu You to his shogunate to handle official business. Lu You stated his enterprising strategy to Wang Yan, thinking that Chang 'an must be the starting point for managing and governing the Central Plains, and Longyou must be the starting point for taking Chang 'an. We should scrimp and save, train soldiers to be brave, attack when there is an opportunity, and defend when there is no opportunity. Wu Ting, the son of Wulin, holds the military power. He is very arrogant. He made a fortune with a lot of money and became an infantry. He repeatedly killed people by mistake, and Wang Yan was helpless to him. Lu You asked to replace Wu Ting with the son of Jun's arch. Wang Yan said, "If you are timid, you will lose when you meet the enemy." Lu You said, "If Wu Ting encounters an enemy, how can we ensure that he will not fail? If he makes achievements, he will be even more uncontrollable. " Later, Wu Ting's son, Wu Xiqian, fled for treason, and Lu You's words finally came true.

Fan Chengda is the commander-in-chief of Sichuan, and Lu You is the Senate. They pay each other in writing and are not polite to each other. Some people ridiculed him for being decadent. On his birthday, Lu You called himself "Jean Weng". Later, I moved to Changping, Jiangxi. When there was a flood in Jiangxi, Lu You said, "We should allocate food from Yicang to help the victims, and order all counties to distribute food to the victims." Recalling the imperial court, Zhao Ruyu criticized his practice in this matter, so he was demoted to "Cilu". (Abbreviation of Temple, Temple Lu, official name. In the Song Dynasty, the minister dismissed the official and ordered him to manage the Taoist temple as a ceremony without any post, but later he was made the magistrate of Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang Province) and bid farewell to the emperor through the imperial palace. The imperial edict said to him: "Yanling is a place with good mountains and good water." You can make poems and sing in your spare time and enjoy yourself. " When he summoned him again, the emperor said, "Your kung fu is very good. You can write a good poem and a good word, which others can't match. "Let him do less military supervision.

Lu You is brilliant, especially good at poetry. When he returned in his later years, he wrote "Reading Gu Quan in the South Garden" for Han Zhou, which was ridiculed by the first-class people in the Qing Dynasty. Zhu once said: "Lu You's talent is too high, but his behavior is very ordinary. I am afraid that he will be tied up by powerful people and the scenery at night will not be very satisfactory. " "Zhu right words can be said to be prescient!

In the second year of Jiading (1209), Lu You died at the age of eighty-five.

2. Original and translated version of the ancient poem "A Reading by Lu You" Author: Read the following classical Chinese and complete the questions.

(22 points) Lu You's word service concept, famous tour, Yinshan people. The dream of Gaimu (1) gave birth to a boy, so it was named after the name of Qin.

Or the public yearns for fewer tourists. Shaoxing finally began to give the first place.

I studied poetry in Chashan. Taste comes from Yan Zi's trip to Zhanggong, and know something about the northwest.

Gifted and generous, he likes Ren Xia, and often takes Saddle Grass as his own responsibility, making friends with heroes in the Central Plains and destroying the enemy. Since businessmen, immortals, poets and swordsmen have all made friends.

Guan Jiannan, as a poem, is intended to restore. Books spread everywhere, or they can be filial.

Go to the location where B (2) is located, and remove and delete the official. Or suspect that his friends are not from the same class, which is rejected by theorists.

Go easy on their talents and reuse them immediately. After the approval, Lu You will be removed from the Ritual Department.

In addition to the above, the public should stop, and as soon as possible. The public demanded to retire early, travel back and forth to Ruoye and Yunmen, and stay for entertainment.

The official has become a doctor, so he was given an official position and vowed not to come back. Han Shu's boat is going out, and the public is willing to go out.

Han Xilu attached himself until his beloved Fourth Lady broke the Ruan Qin and danced, begging for public service, saying "flying on the brocade crepe". He also ordered the spoon of Qingyi Spring, next to which was the inscription of Han Qiulu Ji, a Taoist priest of Tang Kaicheng. It was very fine and ancient, so he couldn't make a ladle with all the guests, but he swam all the spoons and said that he would bring back the crown. He was not only ashamed of the spring, but also ashamed of becoming a Taoist cloud.

First of all, ci fu was given to Han Nanyuan, and Han requested that it be recorded in the public. Gong Jiyun: "The world knows the merits of the public, but not the ambition of the public. It knows to rely on the public and doesn't know its position.

The self-reliance of the masses and their dependence on the masses are not self-sufficient. "Gai Yu also.

Another cloud said, "You are old, and you are grateful for the mountains. People wrote in calligraphy and said,' Zi wrote the South Garden for me'.

Don't take it, don't talk extravagant, enough to guide the public's ambitions! "The public has given the third person, C Gong, the ambition to explore the restoration of filial piety, so he took this as the restoration of Song poetry from the period to the end of the public, leaving poems to show his family's cloud, restoring the Japanese family sacrifice in the Central Plains, and did not forget to tell that Weng Gong's heart was suddenly and violently white. (Excerpted from Ye Shaoweng's "Four Dynasties Lu Wenjian Lu Fangweng", with abridgement) Note 1 Qin Shaoyou: a poet of the Song Dynasty, who was famous for his words and lines.

② B: Draw a "B"-shaped mark, which used to be used in reading, mainly to indicate pause or revision. 3 you: the sound móu is equal.

(4) The Book of Changes: refers to the time of dying. 17. For the explanation of underlined words in the following sentences, the correct one is A.

Worthy of such relatives. B. Know the public and don't know the public to deal with C.

Gaiyu's whispers are also very subtle. Enough to enlighten the public. 18. In the following sentences, underlined words have different meanings and usages.

Therefore, Qin's name is the word, Qin's name coincides with the guest's money, and he entertains himself by chanting B. The arguer denounces and is willing to give C.

In addition to the above, it is worthwhile to stop knowing the public and not knowing the public as soon as possible. Han Tazhou is determined to get it out. 19. The following sentences can explain that Lu Fangweng's mission is to "restore the Central Plains": ① Taste Ziyan and Zhang Gongyou, know the northwest, ② Take care of the grass, and make good enemies with the heroes of the Central Plains, ③ Get up and approve, travel on land other than Li Bulang, ④ Leave money for guests and entertain themselves.

①②⑥ B .②④⑤ C .

In the analysis and summary of the relevant contents of the original text, it is A that is incorrect.

Some people say that Lu You's mother dreamed of Qin Shaoyou before she gave birth to him, so she used Qin Shaoyou's name and character as Lu You's name and name respectively. B.

Xiaozong likes Lu You's poems and cherishes his talents. He appointed Lu You as an official despite the opposition of some court officials. C.

After Lu Youguan went to Chinese medicine, in order to further realize his desire to resist gold, he joined hands with Han Biaozhou to discuss big plans. d .

Han Biaozhou personally wrote a letter asking Lu You to write an inscription for Nanyuan, and Lu You wrote The Story of Nanyuan, implying his dissatisfaction with Han Biaozhou. 2 1. Sentence breaking and translation.

(10) (1) Use "/"in the following paragraphs. (4 points) The public has given the third person C the ambition to explore the restoration of filial piety, so he took this as the Song poetry, restored it from the beginning to the end of the public, and left a poem to show the cloud of his family. Don't forget to tell him that Weng's heart is public, and it's time to change.

(2) Translate the following sentences. (6 points) (1) Go to the place where B is located and screw out the deletion officer.

(3 points) (2) The official is a Chinese doctor, so he is an official and vows not to return it. (3 points) Reference answer: 17. D 18。 B 19。 A20。 C2 1。 (1) Gong gave C's brother/person the ambition of restoring filial piety to Song Dynasty/thus restoring himself/to the end of Gong/.

(65,438+0 means "Lu" and "except", meaning 65,438+0) His official position has been promoted to Chinese doctor, so he resigned and retired, vowing never to come out as an official again. ("rank" and "official" are 1, meaning 1).

3. Translation Analysis of Reading Answers in the Classical Chinese "Baiyun Pavilion" for reference: Baiyun Pavilion's "Lu You: Entering Shu" visited the ancestral temple of Koulaigong, boarded the Qiu Feng Pavilion and stood beside the mountains.

It's the heavy overcast light snow, the weather and the name of the pavilion, which makes people feel disappointed and has a sigh of wandering around the world. Then climb Shuangbai Hall and Baiyun Pavilion.

The old Laigong mansion planted cypress trees under the hall, and now it is dead. However, Nanshan is repetitive, beautiful and lovely.

Baiyun Pavilion is a secluded corner in the world, surrounded by mountains, with ancient trees looming, often two or three hundred years old. The stone stream outside the column flows with double waterfalls, jumping beads and splashing jade, and the cold enters human bones.

Below it are Cixi, Liu Ben and Jiang Hui. I have traveled more than 5,000 miles from Wu to Chu, and I have passed fifteen states, so I have pavilions. There is no such thing as a white cloud, and it stopped at the county hearing.

There is nothing in Badong, which makes people sleep in the pavilion. It is fun, but what are those who are unwilling to make up for it for two or three years? Visit the Clay Palace Temple and board the Qiu Feng Pavilion near the Yangtze River. It snows cloudy and cold day by day. Looking at the name of the pavilion makes people feel lost, so they feel wandering around the world.

So I boarded the Shuangbai Hall and Baiyun Pavilion. There used to be a cypress tree planted by Cory Hall under the hall, but now it's dead.

But there are many mountains and peaks in Nanshan, which are beautiful and lovely. Baiyun Pavilion is the most secluded and wonderful place in the world, surrounded by mountains and overlapping, with dense and lush ancient trees, often two or three hundred years old.

Outside the pavilion, there are two waterfalls that pour down the mountain stream, like pearls jumping, like jade chips splashing, and cold air invading the bones. Here is Cixi, rushing to meet the Yangtze River.

I entered Hubei from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with a journey of more than 5,000 miles, passing through 15 states. There is no such scenic spot as Baiyun Pavilion, only behind the county magistrate's house. There is nothing wrong with the county magistrate of Badong County. The magistrate can sleep and eat in the pavilion. That kind of fun is endless, but the vacancy of the county magistrate is always two or three years, and no one wants to fill it. Why? Note [Kou Laigong] Kou Zhun, a famous figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Huazhouxia (Gu: now Weinan, Shaanxi).

19-year-old Jinshi, once a magistrate of Badong County, Guizhou Province. Song Zhenzong is a Duke of Ley.

Because Kou Zhun is the magistrate of Badong, there is an ancestral temple here to commemorate him. It is very cloudy.

〓Liáoliととととととと

Autumn wind easily evokes a sad and melancholy mood, so. Wandering away from home.

[Death] Death. There are many peaks in Nanshan.

[Despair] Beyond all wonderful realms. (jià n) See (xi). Like "emerging", it means there are many peaks.

Between, change. [New] The appearance is dense and lush.

Two waterfalls outside the railing poured into the stone ravine. Diarrhea, rush.

Stone stream, a mountain stream with stones at the bottom and shore. "Jumping pearls and splashing jade" is like a pearl jumping, like jade chips splashing.

Describe the scene of waterfall water entering the stream. This is Cixi.

Let's meet From Wu to Chu, from Zhejiang to Hubei.

【 pavilions and pavilions (xiè) 】 are buildings that decorate the scenery. Pavilion, an open house built on a high platform.

Beautiful scenery. Only, only.

Hall, office space. There is nothing wrong with (magistrate of a county).

As a county magistrate. [Bedtime] Sleep and eat.

There is no limit, no end. However, whenever there is a vacancy in a county, no one is willing to fill it for two or three years.

Que, preach "lack". Wu: Lu You (1165438+1October13-1265438+1.

12 years old can write poetry, and his works are rich all his life. There are dozens of collections, such as "Jian Nan Poetry Draft" and "Weinan Anthology", with more than 9,000 poems. He is the poet who writes the most poems in China. Lu You has many literary talents, especially his achievements in poetry.

I said "10,000 songs in 60 years", and there are more than 9,300 songs today. Many of these poems express the lofty sentiments of resisting gold and killing the enemy and the hatred towards the enemy and traitors. Their style is bold and unrestrained, gloomy and tragic, full of strong patriotic feelings. They made outstanding achievements in thought and art, and were known as "Little Li Bai" before their death. They not only became the leaders of the Southern Song Dynasty, but also enjoyed a lofty position in the history of China literature. They are great patriotic poets in China.

He is one of the poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. The amount of words is not as large as that of poems, but it runs through the patriotic spirit of swallowing the remnants like poems.

Lu You's works include one volume of Song of Weng and two volumes of Weinan Ci. His famous sentences, such as "There is no way to answer doubts when mountains are heavy, and there is another village where flowers bloom in the dark" and "The small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot flowers", are widely read by the people.

He has always insisted on resisting gold, and has been rejected and hit by the establishment in his official career. In middle age, he went to Shu to resist gold, and his long-term military life enriched his literary content, revealing great brilliance in his works and becoming an outstanding poet.

When the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he was deeply influenced by patriotic thoughts at home when he was a teenager.

Shaoxing Zhongying didn't try and was rejected by Qin Gui. Filial piety acceded to the throne, giving Jinshi birth.

In the twenty-eighth year of Shaoxing (1 158), it entered Fujian as the master book of Ningde County. According to Volume III of the Official History of Ningde County, "Lu You, the concept of word service, that is, in the twenty-eight years of Shaoxing, became a city, good governance and popular support". There is a statue of Lu You on Nanguang Mountain in Ningde. He used to be a judge of Longxing in Zhenjiang. He entered Shu for six years (1 170) and served as the judge of Kuizhou.

After eight years on the main road, he entered the shogunate of Fu Xuan Ambassador Wang Yan in Sichuan and devoted himself to military life. After officially arriving at Baozhang Pavilion, it was introduced.

Politically, Lu You advocated a resolute war of resistance, enriched armaments, and demanded that "taxes should be paid in advance, and taxes should be covered by big businesses", which has always been suppressed by capitulationists. In his later years, he retired from his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged.

He wrote many poems in his life, and now there are more than 9 thousand poems, which are extremely rich in content. Expressing political ambitions, reflecting people's sufferings, criticizing the humiliation and surrender of the ruling group at that time, and showing a strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity.

Guan Shanyue, Book Wrath, Peasant Sigh, Xiuer, etc. It's all spoken by later generations. Describing daily life is also a new work.

Also known as Gong Ci, Yang Shen called it as beautiful as Qin Guan and as beautiful as stone. But some.

4. A trip to Shu in classical Chinese (July) 14, it was evening and sunny. Open the south-facing window in the cabin and see the scenery of rivers and mountains. There are many fish in Gushuxi, which rush out of the water from time to time. The sunset reflects the stream like a silver knife. People fishing by hanging rods and pulling nets are full of eyes. Because of this, the price of fish is very low and the servants are full every day. The local people say that this stream is fat and suitable for the growth of fish. When singing this stream, I feel that the water tastes really sweet. Is it really because of water and fertilizer? Many peaks in the southeast of the stream are like blue-black pigments. They used to be green hills.

14 (August), at dawn, it rained. After a Koishiyama, it is as straight as a knife from the top of the mountain, much like the Shu Mountain on the Yuyao River. While sailing on the river, I met a raft, which was more than ten feet wide and fifty feet long.

There are thirty or forty families, wives and children, chickens, dogs and clams. There are passages and shrines in the middle, which have never been seen before. The boatman said, this is still small. Big ones can be paved with soil to make vegetable fields on bamboo rafts or open hotels, but they are too big to drive into small inlets and can only drive in rivers. Against the wind that day, (the tracker) pulled the boat hard and walked only fifteen or sixteen miles from dawn to sunset. The ship docked at Liuguanji, the ancient border of qi zhou. My nephew came ashore and said, "I found a way. From the path to the back of the mountain, there is a large lake with many lotus seeds and water chestnuts, and there are many Manglietia plants by the lake. Several families in the sunset, reed fences and huts seem to be an elegant place, without a sound. There is a big pear. I want to buy it, but I can't. There are canoes in the lake to collect water chestnuts, but no one agrees. If you want to take a closer look, you happen to see tools for catching wild animals on the roadside. You don't dare to go any further because you think there are tigers and wolves. " Liu Guanfan, according to legend, Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of Shu Han, went to Wu, where he once went ashore by boat. At night, I saw chinemys reevesii ups and downs in the water.

On the 21st (August), (the ship set out from Grade VII Port in the upper reaches of Huangzhou) passed Shuangliujia and returned to Wangjiang, where the mountains are deep and the scenery is beautiful. Since leaving Huangzhou, although marching in Shuangliujia, it is endless, and the terrain is getting higher and higher, planting beans, millet, buckwheat and other food crops. At night, it is parked in Yangluofu, where the river bank is wide, the willows are dense and the residents are dense. Fish is as cheap as dirt, and one hundred coppers (bought fish) can feed twenty people; They are all big fish. I want to find some small fish to keep cats, but I can't find them.

On September 9, (the ship sailed to Shishou County, Jingzhou) went to worship the Land Temple in the morning. In the houses along the road, the thatch covering the roof is more than a foot thick, so neat that there is no messy grass. Set sail, sail 30 miles in the river, and anchor at Ta Zi Alum, a mountain on the river. I didn't see the mountain until I left Ezhou. Buy sheep to buy wine, stop at the water near the village, because it is the Double Ninth Festival, kill a sheep, buy several boats separately, and eat it soon. I bought some chrysanthemums from people by the river. They were sweet and lovely, so I got drunk. It began to rain at night, and it was very cold, so I began to cover the quilt.

On the 21st (October), it is the most dangerous place in the world to watch the Shimen Gate on the boat and pass by a person. At night, the ship docked in Badong County, with magnificent rivers and mountains, far exceeding Zigui. The market is very depressed and deserted. There are only 100 households in the county, and there are thatched huts under the county magistrate's house without a tile. Acting as county commandant, Zigui county commandant You, Di Gong Langwang, and a surname and principal bookkeeper You, Di Gong Langdude came first, both from Sichuan. Visit Koulaigong Temple and board the Qiu Feng Pavilion near the Yangtze River. It snows cloudy and cold day by day. Looking at the name of the pavilion makes people feel lost, so they feel wandering around the world. So I boarded the Shuangbai Hall and Baiyun Pavilion. There used to be a cypress tree planted by Cory Hall under the hall, but now it's dead. But there are many mountains and peaks in Nanshan, which are beautiful and lovely. Baiyun Pavilion is the most quiet and wonderful place in the world. Surrounded by mountains, layer upon layer. The ancient trees are dense and lush, often two or three hundred years old. Outside the pavilion, there are two waterfalls that pour down the mountain stream, like pearls jumping, like jade chips splashing, and cold air invading the bones. Here is Cixi, rushing to meet the Yangtze River. I entered Hubei from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, with a journey of more than 5,000 miles. After fifteen States, the most beautiful scenery did not exceed Baiyun Pavilion, only behind the county magistrate's house. There is nothing wrong with the county magistrate of Badong County. The magistrate can sleep and eat in the pavilion. That kind of fun is endless, but the vacancy of the county magistrate is always two or three years, and no one wants to fill it. Why?