Details of Olympia (ancient Greek place name)

Olympia (Greek: ο λ υ μ π? α) is a city in the southern plain of Greece, located in the northwest of Peloponnesian Peninsula. It is a religious center used by ancient Eris to worship Zeus, and also the venue of ancient Olympic Games.

Among them, the statue of Zeus at Olympia made by phidias is one of the seven wonders of the world.

As early as the middle of the Greek Bronze Age, there were already settlements in Althusser, Olympia. During the Mycenaean civilization, only some relics were left in the area, but there was an important settlement in a highland west of Olympia.

Olympia became a sacred place in the 10 th or 9 th century, and its most important large-scale buildings were formed in the 4 th century. In 426, the Byzantine emperor Theodosius II banned sacred activities in Olympia in order to overcome the influence of ancient religions and promote Christianity.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Olympia mbth: ο λ υ μ π? Type α: an urban area in the southern plain: basic information of Greece, Temple of Zeus, tourist information, shopping guide, main specialties, leisure and entertainment, famous food, changing scenery, tourist suggestions, related contents, basic information of Olympia (Greek: οοοο? α) The site is located in the western valley of the Peloponnesian Peninsula, on the north bank of Albis River (at a distance of 16 km), and within the territory of Yili Asia. * * It is set at 37 38'18 "north latitude and 2 1" east longitude. Located about190km west of the capital Athens. Located in the foothills of Cronus, it is a sacred place in ancient Greece with lush trees and vegetation. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times. In 10 century BC, Olympia was a religious center used by ancient Eris to worship Zeus. Altis is a sacred place with one of the highest architectural masterpieces in the ancient world. In addition to temples, there are various sports facilities reserved for the Olympic Games. The Olympic Games, which began in 776 BC, is held in Olympia every four years. Starting from Olympia in the18th century, groups of scholars came here one after another to inspect and look for the remains of the ancient Olympic Games. 1766, an Englishman Chandler first discovered the ruins of the temple of Zeus. Since then, a large number of archaeologists and historians from Germany, France, Britain and other countries have carried out systematic and large-scale excavation of the Olympia site, and in 188 1 year, a large number of precious cultural relics and historical materials about the ancient Olympic Games have been obtained. 1988 was included in the World Heritage List according to the cultural heritage selection criteria C(I)(II)(III)(IV)(VI), and was named as the Heritage Report: Report of the 3rd Session of the World Heritage Committee/kloc-0. Olympia is located in the western part of the Greek peninsula, 370 kilometers away from Athens. In ancient times, the Greeks regarded sports competitions as festivals to worship the gods of Olympus. In 776 BC, the Greeks held the earliest sports meeting in human history in Olympia village. To commemorate the Olympia Games, the first Olympic Games was held in Athens on 1896, and it has been held every four years since then. The Olympic Games are held in other countries in turn, but the Olympic name is still used, and every torch is lit from here. The city of Olympia has also become the most revered shrine for people who love sports. The climate here is pleasant, the scenery is beautiful, there are olive trees, cinnamon trees and cypress trees everywhere, and there is the oldest sports ground in the world. In Olympia, visitors can also visit the ruins of the Temple of Zeus and the Temple of Hera. Olympia Archaeological Site English Name: Olympia Archaeological Site. : 545-0 10 The earliest relics began from 2000 BC to 1600 BC, and religious buildings began around 1000 BC. From the 8th century BC to the end of the 4th century, it was famous for holding sports festivals to worship Zeus, and it was the birthplace of the Olympic Games. In ancient times, the Greeks regarded sports competitions as festivals to worship the gods of Olympus. In 776 BC, the earliest sports meeting in human history-the ancient Olympic Games was held in Olympia village in the west of Peloponnesus. To commemorate the Olympia Games, the first (modern) Olympic Games was held in Athens on 1896. In the future, although it will be held in other countries in turn, the Olympic name will still be used and every torch will be lit from here. Olympia Site Olympia History The earliest slave country in ancient Greece appeared in Crete in 200 BC, and Crete people created their own culture under the influence of ancient oriental culture. These include dancing, bullfighting, boxing and wrestling. With the prosperity of city-state economy and culture and the complex competition among city-States, ancient Greek sports flourished. Chariot racing, standing wrestling, fist fight, running, javelin throwing, discus jumping, fighting and archery became the most common sports forms in ancient Greece. Sparta and Athens became the representatives of Greek sports in the prosperous period. In this process, many local or Greek sports will be conceived and produced, among which the Olympic Games, which was born in Olympia, has a great influence. The 293rd Games, which lasted 1 170 years, left a valuable cultural heritage for mankind. However, with the demise of competitive games, the glory of ancient Greek sports slowly disappeared from people's memory, and Olympia became the most revered holy land for sports lovers. During the reign of the Roman Empire, the Roman emperor once banned pagans from holding festivals, and Olympia was forced to stop. In the 6th century, the earthquake and the flood of Krakow River made the once prosperous city of Olympia a ruin and gradually disappeared behind the prosperity of history. In A.D. 1776, the British scholar Chandra discovered Olympia. After several generations of excavation, the once glorious Olympia Holy Land has finally reappeared. 1894, Coubertin, the father of the modern Olympic movement and a French educator, proposed to hold a congress to restore the Olympic movement and establish the International Olympic Committee. The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens from 65438 to 0896. Since then, "peace, friendship and progress" have become the lofty sportsmanship of the Olympic Games. Olympia regained its glory and once again dressed up for the historical stage. Now, when we stroll through Olympia again, we can still imagine its splendor and magnificence that day. Broken walls, which stands quietly in the Olympia Museum, still looks so beautiful today. Statues full of heroes, beauties and battles will be vividly portrayed by the charm of ancient Greeks buried deep in history. Huge ancient stone pillars lined up in two teams like guards, as if silently counting history. The temple of Zeus, which was built in In 457 Bc, is now only blessed with auspicious light. Huge and ancient stones stand proudly on the earth, regardless of the erosion of wind and rain, silently telling the eternal silent history of the temple. The statue of Zeus, with a height of13.5m, is regarded by historians as "one of the seven wonders of the world". This magnificent statue was carved from ivory by the Greek sculptor phidias, sitting on the steps and decorated with a golden robe. Zeus wore a crown on his head, the goddess of victory in his right hand and water in his left. The artistic essence of Zeus Temple is the statues of people on the east and west gables. The content of the statue on the wall of the Western Hills is based on the story of Taulos who robbed the marriage in Greek mythology. The main idea of the story is that King Piritos of Laboutte held a wedding with the beautiful Hippodamia. The guests invited by the king were Centaurs, KenTaulos people, and KenTaulos people had sex after drinking at the wedding reception, in an attempt to steal the bride, which led to a fight. There are 265,438+0 figures in this group of statues, among which Ken Taulos robbed the statue of the bride with very vivid gestures, and the frightened expression and struggling body of the bride when she was robbed were very realistic. These statues are now in the Olympia Museum. Today, there is still a gray simplicity and a sense of sublimity caused by height in the ruins. Only large buildings can represent supreme dignity and dignity. Corresponding to the king of the gods is this amazing building. The temple of Hera at the site of Olympia is the oldest temple in Greece, which was built in the first half of the 7th century BC. The statue of Hera, the wife of Zeus, originally enshrined in the temple, has been destroyed. 1887, German archaeologists excavated a complete statue of Hermes at this site. His right arm is up and his left arm is holding the baby (Dionysus), and the sculpture is extremely realistic. The lighting ceremony of the modern Olympic Games was held in the square in front of the Temple of Hera. The Olympia Arena remains the same today. On the west side of the arena, there is an entrance for athletes and referees and a stone corridor. The spectator stands and VIP seats in the arena are built according to the foothills of Knies, which can accommodate 40,000 spectators. The gentle lines of the hillside extend to the blue sky, which is magnificent. The ancient Greeks, dressed in costumes, came from all directions and shouted here to express their reverence for the gods and pray for peace. There is a starting line made of limestone at the east and west ends of the arena, with a total length of 192 meters. Today, this arena with a history of more than 3,000 years has become a sacred place to carry forward the lofty sportsmanship of mankind. Olympia is a sacred place in Greece. It integrates the concept of health into civilization and is accepted and continued by all mankind. The word Olympia has become synonymous with important concepts such as competition, sports and fighting spirit, and has become an important heritage of world spiritual culture. It is precisely because of the troika of strength, beauty and reason that ancient Greek civilization can gallop in the history of human civilization. The temple area with architectural features is called the sacred garden of Artemis or Zeus. It is an irregular quadrilateral, each side is 182.9 meters long. The north is bounded by Clohons Mountain, and there are walls on the other three sides. There are temples of Zeus and Hera, as well as altars, treasure houses and management offices. Outside the wall are sports facilities, dormitories and bathrooms. Arthus Arthus is the name of the central part of the Holy Land of Olympia. This central area was originally formed around a tomb in the Bronze Age. It is said that this curtain mound was built by Hercules for ropes. This is also an altar dedicated to Zeus. The center of another sacrament is a crack in the mountain. There used to be a prophet here. At first, the Oracle was the goddess in charge of everything, and later it became the Oracle of Zeus. And this Oracle, until there is a historical record, still exists. There are many temples and altars in the holy land, offering sacrifices to different gods. Pausanias counted 69 gods. On the hillside in the north, there are many warehouses built by Greek city-states to store sacred objects, and the west of these warehouses is the city Council hall in Olympia. Gradually, Artis accumulated many offerings, mainly statues and other monuments to commemorate and thank the victory. In the 4th century, Attis was surrounded by a wall, which might have five doors. There are many other buildings that manage and serve the holy land and the arena. The biggest building in Olympia is a hotel built in the 4th century and rebuilt in Rome. Athletes train in gymnasiums built in the 3rd century and compete in sports fields. There is also a splendid gate in front of the stadium in Olympia. In addition to the baths built in Greece, the Romans also built many warm water baths. Through the garbage found nearby, it can be determined that a 5th century building is a workshop for carving giant statues of Zeus for the temple. The huge racetrack has ceased to exist after being washed away by the flood water of the nearby river. The Temple of Hera The Temple of Hera is very small, and it enshrines the goddess Hera. It is the oldest existing building in the ruins of Olympia, built around 600 BC. Next to the altar of the temple, it is the place where the modern Olympic flame is lit. Many buildings and facilities in the archaeological remains of Olympia were built for sports competitions. Located near the former Temple of Zeus, this amusement park is the oldest existing amusement park in the world. Because of the long-term accumulation of soil, many buildings around the original stadium are now buried under 5 ~ 7 meters thick soil. The excavated playground was expanded in the 4th century BC. It is located in the hilly area covered with olive trees, cypress trees and cinnamon trees, with a length of 200m and a width of175m. What is still well preserved today is the side of the stone platform. The original starting point paved with limestone can be seen vaguely. The diameter of the stone pillars of the surrounding buildings is 2 meters away. Looking down from the height of the stands, I saw layers of stone steps, like ripples on the water. As early as BC 1000, ancient Greek youth competed here. At the center of the archaeological remains of Olympia is the majestic Temple of Zeus, in which the statue of Zeus is covered with gold and ivory. This colossus carved by the great sculptor Pheidias was destroyed by fire in 475 AD. The workshop where Pheidias works is next to the Temple of Zeus. Statue of Zeus in Olympia (pictured) The ancient Olympia Stadium was destroyed by war and wind and rain. Since18th century, groups of scholars have come to Olympia to inspect and look for ancient Olympic sites. 1936 1 1 After the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee decided to use the money to continue excavating the Olympia site and found and restored the stadium. There are large inclined stands around the ancient Olympia Stadium, and there are entrances for athletes and referees on the west side. The length of the runway in the stadium is 2 10/0m and the width is 32m. Together with the nearby martial arts school, priest's dormitory, hotel, conference hall, altar and other rooms, it has become a huge competitive game complex. At present, there is an Olympic Archaeological Museum on the site, which contains excavated cultural relics, including a large number of ancient Olympic competition equipment and ancient Greek weapons and armor. During the ancient Olympic Games, athletes who came here to participate in the competition must meet the following conditions: male, Greek, free, married, without any criminal record and so on. This ancient rule was broken in the 28th Summer Olympic Games. On August 18, 2004, the men's and women's shot put competition of track and field events of the 28th Summer Olympic Games was held in the ancient Olympic Stadium in Olympia, Greece. This marks the first time that women have participated in this sacred place in the past 3,000 years. For everyone involved in the Olympic movement, pilgrimage to Mount Olympia in Greece has become a lifelong belief and dream. For example, Muslims make a pilgrimage to Mecca, and the Prophet Muhammad. This pilgrimage is a baptism. Sages and sages tell you the secret of why the Olympic Games can last for thousands of years through the ancient Olympic Movement. In the twilight, Mount Olympia stands quietly, penetrating the clouds of history with deep eyes, looking at the Olympians today. No matter how history changes, the Olympic spirit will last forever. The modern Olympic flame is lit in Olympia, which is one of the symbols of the Olympic movement. On the occasion of "going home" for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee decided to hold the shot put competition for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games in Olympia Stadium, which was the first time that people had the opportunity to relive the Olympic dream in Olympia after 2,500 years. Temple of Zeus Because many people are not familiar with the history of ancient Greece, they often confuse the temple of Zeus at the site of Olympia with the temple of Zeus at Athens, and paste the picture of the latter into the former. The two are completely different places: 1 Different geographical location: Olympia is located in the western Peloponnesus, while Zeus-. The temple of Zeus Olympia in Athens was built in different times: temple of olympian zeus was built in 472-456 BC and destroyed by the earthquake of 522 -55 1 year; The temple of Zeus Olympias in Athens was built from BC 174 to AD 132, and its destruction time is unknown. 3 Different architectural styles: The temple of Zeus in Olympia is Doric and belongs to ancient Greek architecture. There is a statue of Zeus in the temple, which belongs to one of the seven wonders of the world, while the temple of Zeus Olympia in Athens belongs to Corinthian architecture of ancient Rome, and it is the largest temple in Greece in Hellenistic and Roman times, with a column height of17m. 4 The existing situation is different: there are only a few fragments of pillars in temple of olympian zeus, but there are 16 pillars in the temple of Zeus Olympia in Athens, of which 13 is a group, and the other three pillars, two of which stand and one falls to the ground. There are many modes of transportation from Athens to Olympia: bus: you can get relevant information from the information desk at Kifissou Street 100 in Athens. Train: From Athens to Olympia, via patra and Pilgos. You can get timely information from the following information desk: Car OSE 1-3 Athens Sina Street, Karolou Street: After visiting the museum in Olympia through patra (334km) or Tripoli (323km), you can buy hand-copied imitation museum collection pottery, as well as metal products, folk dolls, leather products, natural sponges, olive soap and so on. Don't forget, you can buy world-famous jewels here. Main specialty olive oil: There are olive trees everywhere in Greece, and the olive oil produced is world-famous. Its unique taste gives Greek food a unique style. In Olympia, the best entertainment is to watch outdoor music and drama performances. There are outdoor plays and music performances every summer. Visiting museums is also a good choice. There are several museums in Olympia, such as the Sports Museum and the Archaeological Museum. No matter how much time you have to visit, you can gain a lot. Camping is also a good choice, and you can enjoy unlimited fun on the boundless beach. The food in Olympia is much cheaper than that in western European countries. In Olympia, there are far more economical and meaningful diets than KFC and McDonald's. Food chain stores marked by a yellow villain can be seen everywhere, which is enough to meet the travel needs. If the food in the restaurant is too expensive, the price of the street restaurant is very acceptable. You can enjoy a rich Greek meal (a hot soup or red wine, a lettuce salad, a hot meat dish or seafood, plus a small basket of bread) with 3000 gadolinium. The Turkish cuisine Kabbah and bread kebabs in the alley are also good. Olympia is located in the east of Pilgos in the western Peloponnesian Peninsula, Greece, at the intersection of the Alpes River and the Krazefs River, 370 kilometers away from Athens. The climate here is pleasant, the scenery is beautiful, and there are olive trees, cinnamon trees and cypresses everywhere. Olympia is the birthplace of the Olympic movement. According to historical records, as early as the Iron Age, the Doric people built temples here. The Olympic Movement is a celebration of offering sacrifices to the gods. Olympia has the oldest sports ground in the world. In the future, although the Olympic Games will be held in turn in various countries, the name will still be used, and the flame of each Olympic Games will be lit here. The museums in Olympia also attract tourists from all over the world. Travel advice: Olympia has four distinct seasons with large temperature difference, so clothes should be suitable, and know the weather conditions in the tourist season in advance. Even in summer, wear a jacket or a thin sweater when you go out at night to resist the chill of the sea breeze. When visiting the west coast, remember to bring plastic shoes, so that you can enjoy the beach life. There are many outdoor activities in Olympia, so sunscreen with high SPF value is essential. Olympia is a regional name located in Athens, Greece. It is the venue of the first modern Olympic Games, thus becoming the holy land of the Olympic movement, and also the place where each Olympic Games collects the flame from Apollo, the sun god. Olympus is the mountain name of Athens and the sacred place in Greek mythology. It is said that this is where the Olympian God 12 lives. Olympics is a translated word, which originally refers to the ancestor worship activities held in Olympia in ancient Greece. The sports competition in ancestor worship activities is called "Olympia Competition". During the Renaissance, people began to call "Olympia" the "Ancient Olympic Games" when studying ancient Greek culture. Because other cultural activities such as academic discussion, poetry reading and art exhibition were held during the ancient Olympic Games, people called the whole activity including Olympia "Olympics". In order to distinguish it from modern times, it is also called "Ancient Olympic Games".