How big is Juxian County in Rizhao, Shandong Province?

Juxian county is an ancient land with a long history.

In the Neolithic Age, a sub-region of ancient culture centered on Dawenkou Cultural Site of Lingyang River has been formed in Judi.

Ju Shang Dynasty was an ancient kingdom of animal husbandry, Ju in the Spring and Autumn Period and Chengyang in the Han Dynasty. The ancient city of Ju is the political, economic and cultural center of Ju, a key cultural relic protection unit and a famous historical and cultural city in Shandong Province.

A long history has given birth to a splendid Ju culture.

The graphic characters unearthed from the Lingyang River site in Juxian County prove that as early as 7,000 years ago, the ancestors of Judi created the earliest prototype of ancient Chinese characters in China.

There are more than a dozen sites of ancient castles, and ancient sites and tombs 129 1 have been found. Juxian county is rich in cultural relics on the ground and underground, and the county museum has more than 2000 pieces of cultural relics/kloc-0, including more than 200 national cultural relics.

After the development and precipitation of the people of Juguo in past dynasties, Juguo culture has become a unique prehistoric culture, which is recognized as the three major cultures in Shandong, and is also called He Qi culture and Shandong culture.

A long history and splendid civilization have left many places of interest in this land.

Fulai Mountain has beautiful scenery, elegant environment and many places of interest. It is one of the six major tourist routes in Shandong Province.

Ding Lin Temple, an ancient temple in the mountains, is the former residence of Liu Xie, a famous literary criticism theorist and author of Wen Xin Diao Long in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

There is a collating building inscribed by Guo Moruo, a master of contemporary literature, in the temple, which is where Liu Xie wrote collating classics in his later years.

In the center of the temple stands "the first ginkgo tree in the world", which is 24.7 meters high and 15.7 meters thick. It has a history of nearly 4000 years. Although it has gone through many vicissitudes, it is still flourishing and fruitful.

In addition, there are Qi Great Wall ruins, champion forest, Lei, Mawei Mountain Red Army, Jade Emperor Mountain Arowana, residential buildings and other landscapes, which not only provide a material basis for the study of Ju culture, but also an ancient tourist attraction.

Juxian county belongs to warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate with four distinct seasons.

The main features are: mild spring, windy and rainy; Summer is hot and rainfall is concentrated; Autumn is cool, with little rain and drought; It's cold in winter, with little rain and snow.

In the growing season of crops, there is plenty of sunshine, heat and precipitation; However, in some years, there have been disastrous weather such as drought, flood and low temperature.

Statistics show that the average annual temperature in Juxian area is 12. 1℃, the annual precipitation is about 750 mm, the annual sunshine hours are 2450 hours, and the average annual frost-free period is 182 days.

The essence of wenbo

According to the examination, Ju is a tribe, and its place name began in primitive society. China's Historical Draft (written by Guo Moruo) records that "Boyi is another branch of barbarians who were incorporated into China in the early days. According to legend, the descendants of Boyi include Xu, Tan, Ju and other 14 ethnic groups.

"In the Shang Dynasty, it was Gu Mu Hou Guo, Zhou Juguo, Han Chengyang Guo, and then Zhou Jun..

The ancient and young Di Jun has accumulated rich culture and left precious spiritual wealth in thousands of years.

Ceramic horns engraved with hieroglyphs unearthed in Dakouzun and Lingyang River in Juxian County have pushed the history of Chinese civilization for a thousand years.

Juxiang Wen Yuan is rich in treasures.

According to historical records, during the Six Dynasties alone, Ju Wen wrote hundreds of books.

Among them, Zang's Autumn in Feng Qi Chun, Zang's Jin Shu and Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long are of high status and have been handed down to this day.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more than 200 volumes of humanistic works by Ju, Yu, Guan Tingxian and Li. In 1930s, a generation of students Zhou wrote five masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, including Textual Research on Sun Tzu's Art of War.

Today, Ju's humanistic works have mushroomed. According to incomplete statistics, only 20 years after the reform and opening up, the county has published more than 30 kinds of books and published more than 700 articles in newspapers and periodicals at or above the provincial level. Du Shoumin published 1 1 teaching series, Wang Shilong published seven monographs, such as Corolla of the Earth, and Tang Jiaxing published hundreds of thousands of words of literary works, such as Resisting Bankruptcy.

At the same time, there are more than 100 foreign writers who are famous for their works.

Among them: Zhang, Wei, Yu Chan, Zhao Shusan, etc. It has a certain influence in the country.

In addition, more than 20 literary groups such as "Poetry Society" and "Literature Society" were spontaneously established in Juxian County.

Chrysanthemum fragrance calligraphy and painting, celebrities gathered.

Yu Changling, Dong, Zhuang Yulan and Sun Shaoshan in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were all great painters. Their figures, flowers, landscapes and calligraphy were lush and deep, or arrogant and bold, or vigorous and beautiful, or elegant and vulgar, not only popular in contemporary times.

After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, Juxiang calligraphy and painting circle has been very active, and it has become the "hometown of folk calligraphy and painting art in Shandong Province" named by the Provincial Department of Culture.

He Nailei, Xu Yongtian, Zhu Quanzeng, Gao, Song Jinding and many other painters have become well-known painters in China because of their colorful works. Among them, He Nailei's works have won many awards in the national grand prix.

In addition, there is a huge group of calligraphy and painting in Juxian county, and new people come forth in large numbers.

Their works have won national awards or been exhibited in Beijing and Hong Kong, which is a new force in the history of calligraphy and painting art in our county.

There are many Juxian artists in other places, including 100 famous artists with their own styles.

Although living in a foreign country, it also adds a lot of glory to Juxian County.

The paper-cutting art in Juxian originated from the folk, mainly cutting "the color of the door" and "the flowers on the ceiling", and the patterns are mostly "Congratulations on the New Year" and "Phoenix Dance", which enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC),, Jia, etc. It integrates wood carving and multicolor cutting, and promotes the paper-cutting art of chrysanthemum fragrance to a new height.

Their works are fresh in style and bright in color, which are deeply loved by all walks of life.

Yu Yongsheng alone has published more than 1000 works in newspapers and periodicals at or above the provincial level.

The folk entertainment in Juxian county is mostly carried out during festivals.

During the Spring Festival, there are acrobatics such as lions, roller coasters, stilts, Hua Gun, donkey running and so on. There are folk songs written and performed by ourselves, lanterns and fireworks during the Lantern Festival, and swings and kites in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Among them, the swing in Qishan, with its unique way, has aroused the strong interest of tourists from all over the world.

The local customs of Juxian County cover a wide range and have their own culture, sports and entertainment. Among them, picking herbs on the Dragon Boat Festival, swinging in Tomb-Sweeping Day and sending lanterns on the fifteenth day of the first month all have distinctive local colors.

1April, 1996, Juxian county was rated as "advanced social and cultural county in Shandong province".

Important cultural relics

(1) image text.

This is an original Wen Tao carved on the belly of a gray pottery statue.

Since 1960, more than 20 kinds of 10 characters have been unearthed in three Dawenkou cultural sites in Juxian County, namely Lingyang River, Zhujiacun and Hangtou.

This is the earliest written language in China so far and the ancestor of Chinese characters, which can prove that the history of ancient Chinese characters should be more than 5,000 years.

(2) Brown pottery horns.

1979 was unearthed at the site of Lingyang River in Juxian County.

Brown pottery sand, shaped like a horn, is beautifully made and blows loudly.

This corner is the first archaeological discovery, which will be valuable material evidence for studying the disintegration of primitive society and the emergence of slave society in China.

1977 White pottery cookware from Dawenkou culture period was unearthed at Lingyanghe site.

White pottery with sand, trumpet mouth 10.8 cm, belly diameter10.2 cm, and height of 34 cm, is the material evidence of the totem worship of Dongyi national birds.

(3) white pottery seal.

197 1 cookware unearthed from Lingyanghe site in Dawenkou culture period.

White pottery is sandy, the beak-shaped spout is blocked, and there are many irregular cone holes on the seal, similar to the nozzle, which has the functions of ventilation, dust prevention and hygiene.

④ Yu Cong.

1983 ritual vessels of Dawenkou culture period unearthed from Hangtou site. The shape is grayish green plagioclase amphibole with a side length of 12.6 cm and a round hole with a diameter of 6.5 cm in the middle. It's smooth and flat.

Fan Chong Uprising

In AD 18 (the fifth year of Tianfeng in Xin Mang), Fan Chong, a native of Langya (now Linyi, Shandong), revolted in Juxian.

Soon after, he moved to Mount Tai, and then broke the mang army in Changcheng (now Dongping West, Shandong Province), growing to more than 100,000 people. He painted his eyebrows red and called them "Red Eyebrow Army".

In AD 25, he led the army into Chang 'an, made Liu Pengzi emperor, and wiped out the Liu Xuan regime that betrayed the outlaws.

Later, due to the exhaustion of food, he was surrounded by Liu Xiu's army and was forced to surrender.

In 27 AD, he tried to make a comeback, but failed and was killed by Liu Xiu.

Yang kangjin

12 14 (Song Zhen's second year), Jin Jun suppressed the Red Army, and Yang Aner, the leader of the rebel army, was killed.

His sister Yang, with a group of "Four Niangzi" and tens of thousands of people, lived in Weifang (now Weifang) and Juxian (now Juxian), and then joined another red army leader Li Quan in Mawei Mountain (now southeast of Juxian). Yang married Li Quan and continued to resist gold.

Mo Zheng Min Uprising to Liberate Cheng Ju

1944165438+1October 14 the 4th, 6th and 13th regiments of the Eighth Route Army Binhai Military Region, the 1st regiment of the Eighth Route Army Luzhong Military Region, the 2nd battalion of Shandong Military Region, the 1st independent brigade of Shandong Military Region, with 10,000 people gathered, independent camps in Junan, district squadrons and militia.

On that day, Mo, the deputy commander of the pseudo-Juxian security brigade, led more than 3,500 people and was captured alive.

All the officials in Puppet Manchuria County * * * Anyway, Juxian County was liberated.

The first agricultural cooperative in Shandong Province

195 1 year165438+125 October, five farmers, including Lu Hongbin, from Lujiazhuang (now Aiguo Village, Zhuangyan Town, Ju County) in 14 District, established the first primary agricultural production cooperative in the province.

The members elected Lu Hongbin as chairman.