Zhuangzi's Original Text and Translation

The original text of "Reconsideration of Zhuangzi's Foreign Articles"

Smell the world, not the world. People there are also afraid of worldly lewdness; Those who are good are afraid of the world and move their virtues. Who can rule the world if the world does not abuse its sex and move its virtue? When Yao ruled the world, it also made the world happy and not peaceful; Governing the world with Jie is unpleasant and makes the world miserable. My husband is unhappy. Immoral; There is no man who can live long without virtue.

People like and hate, and they are neighbors of Yang; Anger and evil, almost yin. Yin and Yang are adjacent and will not arrive at four o'clock. The sum of cold and heat doesn't work, and it hurts! It makes people lose their position and live in impermanence without being complacent. As a result, the world began with Qiao Zhuo, and then there was a trip to steal feet, which had been with history. Therefore, it is not enough to raise the world to reward its goodness and to punish its evil. So the world is not big enough to reward and punish. Since three generations ago, Hungary has always regarded rewards and punishments as one thing. How can it spare his life?

Moreover, it shows that evil is lewd in color; Say that wisdom and evil are obscene in sound; To say that benevolence is evil is moral chaos; It is against reason to say that righteousness is evil; Speaking of etiquette and evil, it is related to skill; To say "likes and dislikes" is to associate it with lewdness. Saying that evil is related to art; It is said that knowing evil is a flaw that does not cover up Yu. The world will live its life safely, and eight of them can live or die. The world will feel uneasy about his life, and eight of them are the beginning of chaos. And the world is the first to cherish. What, the world is lost! Did you go straight to the evil of walking away! Speaking is warning, kneeling is entering, and singing is teaching. What if I am!

Therefore, if a gentleman wants to come to the world, he will do nothing. Do nothing, and then keep his life safe. Therefore, if you are a person for the world, you can feed the world; If you love yourself, you can give it to the world. Therefore, if a gentleman can't understand his five treasures, he can't be smart, and the corpse lives in the dragon's eye, while elegance and thunder, God moves with the sky, calmly doing nothing and everything is tired. I have no time to rule the world! Cui Qu asked Lao Dan: "How can we protect people's hearts if we don't cure the world?" Lao Dan said, "Women are cautious, but they won't win people's hearts. People's hearts are imprisoned and killed from top to bottom. The mind is soft and strong, simple and carved. Its heat is burning, its cold is biting, and its disease is pitching and then caressing the whole world. Its residence is also deep and quiet; Its movement is also the county and the sky. Arrogant people are only welcome! In the past, the Yellow Emperor began to kill people with benevolence and righteousness, so Yao and Shun were hairless and hairless to support the shape of the world. Worried about the benevolence and righteousness of the five Tibetans, envious of the law-abiding degree of the five Tibetans. However, there are still invincible. Yao then put the irrigation bag on Chongshan Mountain, cast three seedlings in the third cave, and worked in Youdu, chinese odyssey. Fu Shi and the three kings are terrible. There are karma, wisdom, history, Confucianism and Mohism. As a result, the mood is suspicious, ignorant and deceitful, good and evil, Christmas letters are ridiculous, and the world is getting worse; Great virtue is different, and life is brilliant; Everyone knows it, but the people are in trouble. As a result, the system was introduced, the rope ink was used to kill it, and the vertebral chisel was used. The world is in chaos, and the crime lies in people's hearts. Therefore, the sage lies under the rock, and Wancheng Wangyou Temple. In this world, fugitives sleep together, trusses and young people push each other, form and death confront each other, and Confucianism and Mohism begin to go their separate ways. Meaning, what a pity! It's shameless to pretend to be innocent! I don't know that sage's knowledge is not a truss, and righteousness is not a shackle. I wonder if Zeng and Shi are arrogant! Therefore, it is said: absolute holiness abandons knowledge, and the world governs.

Huang Di became the son of heaven for nineteen years and ordered him to govern the world. He heard that Guang was on the same plane, so he went to see him and said, "I heard that my son is on the highest road and dares to ask the essence of the highest road." I want to take the essence of heaven and earth to help the grain and support the people. I also hope that the official teachers of Yin and Yang will be born in groups. What can I do? " Guang said: "and those who want to ask, the quality of things is also;" And those who want to be officials, things are also forbidden. Rule the world alone, the clouds don't wait for the rain, the vegetation doesn't wait for the yellow, the light of the sun and the moon is destroyed, and the people who are stunned by the heart are ridiculous and tell the truth! " The Yellow Emperor retired, donated to the world, built a special room, sat on white grass, lived in March, and invited again. Lying head down in the south, the Yellow Emperor knelt down in the downwind. Then he bowed down and kowtowed and asked, "I heard that my son has reached the highest point, so I dare to ask: How can I be cured for a long time?" Wide suddenly got up and said, "that's a good question! Come on, my language is the supreme Tao: the essence of the supreme Tao is subtle; To the extreme, faint and silent. Ignore and listen, silently hold God, and the shape will be self-correcting. To be quiet and clear, it is possible for a woman to live forever without working or shaking her figure. Seeing nothing, hearing nothing and knowing nothing, the goddess will keep her shape, and the shape is immortal. Be careful with women, lock them up, knowing too much is a failure. I am a woman above Daming, and I am Yang's original match. As a woman, I entered the gate of the underworld, and I went to the underworld. Heaven and earth have officials, yin and yang have hidden. Keep a woman's body, things are strong and strong. I will stick to one and get along well with the other. So I have been practicing for 1,200 years, and my figure has not been declining. " The yellow emperor lowered his head again and said, "guangchengzi is called heaven!" " Guang said to him, "Come! Yu Yu female: things are endless, and everyone thinks there is an end; Yes, but everyone thinks it's extreme. He who gains my Tao is king from above; Those who lose my way will see light from above and dirt from below. Today's husband Bai Chang, born and raised, turned against each other. So, I will go to that woman, enter the infinite gate and swim in the infinite field. I participate in the light with the sun and the moon, and I am normal with heaven and earth. When I am confused, I am confused! Everyone is dead, and I am still alive! "

The cloud will travel eastward, and it will pass through the towering branches, which is suitable for the HarmonyOS system. HarmonyOS system will swim with joy. The cloud will see it, and if it stops, it will stand upright and say, "Who is evil? Why is this? " HarmonyOS system was very excited. He said to Jiang Yun, "swim!" General Yun said, "I want to ask." HarmonyOS looked up at the cloud and said, "Wow!" General Yun said, "The weather is not harmonious, the qi is stagnant, the six qi are not harmonious, and it is not festive at four o'clock. Today, I am willing to combine the essence of six qi to raise a group of students. What can I do? " HarmonyOS slammed his spleen, turned around and said, "I know! I know! " Yunhe won't ask. Three years later, I traveled to the east, lived in the wilderness of the Song Dynasty, and met the HarmonyOS system. Yun was overjoyed and hurried forward, saying, "Are you forgetting me?" God has forgotten me? "

I want to pay tribute to Kokoto again and smell it in the HarmonyOS system. HarmonyOS said, "Floaters don't know what they want, and wild people don't know where they are going. The tourists clapped their hands to make sure there was no problem. I don't know! " The cloud will say, "I think I'm crazy, too. People come with me." I have to do this for the people, and now I want to let the people go! I am willing to smell a word. " HarmonyOS system said, "The chaos of the heavens, the feelings for things, the mysterious sky, the understanding of animals, the singing of birds, disasters affect plants and insects. Meaning! It is also a mistake to treat people. " General Yun said, "But what can I do?" HarmonyOS system said, "yes! Poisonous! The fairy will be back soon! "The cloud will say," I'm in trouble. I want to hear a word. " HarmonyOS system said, "yes! Heart care! You didn't do anything, but things are transforming themselves. Fall into shape, spit wisdom, forget morality and forget things, and be similar. Emancipate the mind and release the spirit. Mo Ran has no soul. Everything must be traced back to the source, and you don't even know it. At sixes and sevens, never leave. If he knew, he would leave. Don't ask his name, don't peek at his feelings, and the matter is solid. The cloud will say, "God has given me kindness and silence." . If you beg on your knees, you will get it now. "Once again kotow salute, start your speech.

Secular people all like their own appearance, and the wicked are different from themselves. People who want to be like themselves, people who don't want to be different from themselves, are different from others. A husband who is divorced from the public is often divorced from the public. It is better to learn from others than to learn from others. And those who want to become a country, it depends on the interests of the three kings rather than their patients. This is a lucky country. Geometric luck does not lose people's country? Its country of existence is not one in ten thousand; And the country that lost people will lose more than one million! Sad husband, I don't know if there is soil! People who own land have great things. You can't eat anything big. Things are not things, so they can be things. If you know that things are not things, you can only rule the people of the world! Go in and out of Liuhe, visit Kyushu, and go alone. Unique people are the most expensive.

Adults' teaching, if in shadow, is ringing, if in doubt, respond and try your best to cooperate with the world. There is almost no sound. Can't do it well. If you are comfortable, you can swim for no reason, go in and out everywhere, and have no beginning with heaven. Ode to the body, in line with Datong. Great harmony without me. If there is no ego, there is evil. The person who saw it was a gentleman of the past; He who can't see anything is a friend of heaven and earth.

Those that are cheap and indispensable are also things; Humble but not ninja, people also; Those who hide and have to do it are also things; If you are rough, you have to be sincere and law-abiding; Those who can't live far away are righteous; Close to those who are indispensable, benevolent; Festival but not product, ceremony also; Those who are not high in the middle are also virtuous; One is not easy, the road is also; God can't help it, and god can't help it. Therefore, saints look up to the sky without helping, become virtuous without being tired, do not seek Tao, do not rely on benevolence, do not accumulate righteousness, be polite without being diligent, be legal without being chaotic, rely on the people without being light, and do not go because of things. Things are not enough, but they must be done. Those who don't know the sky are impure in virtue; I don't understand, I can't do it myself; Those ignorant people, pathetic husbands! What is Tao? There is heaven and human nature. Those who do nothing and respect, heaven also; It is human nature to be tired of doing one thing. Master, heaven also; Minister, humanity also. Heaven is far from human nature and must not be ignored.

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I only heard about making the world develop safely and freely, but I didn't hear about governing the world. Let the world develop freely, because people are worried about surpassing the original truth; Tolerance is not forced to take its place because people are worried that they have changed the normal state of nature. People in the world do not go beyond the original truth and do not change the normal state of nature. Where is the necessity of governing the world? Once upon a time, Tang Yao ruled the world, which made everyone ecstatic. Everyone was happy for its authenticity and was not peaceful. In those days, Xia Jie ruled the world, which worried everyone. Everyone is suffering for its authenticity, so it is not happy. Anxiety and unhappiness are not the normal state of people's life and behavior. It does not conform to the normal state of nature and can exist for a long time. There is no such thing in the world.

People's excessive joy will definitely damage Yang; People's excessive anger will certainly harm Yin Qi. Yin and yang invade each other, so the four seasons will not adapt, and cold and heat will not be reconciled, which is likely to hurt yourself! It makes people lose their normal state, there are no established rules for living, it doesn't matter to think about problems, everything is abandoned halfway, so all kinds of injustice begin to appear in the world, so there are stealing feet, being a god and history. And other different behaviors and practices. Therefore, it is not enough to mobilize all the forces in the world to reward those who do good deeds, nor is it enough to mobilize all the forces in the world to punish those who do bad things. Therefore, although the world is big, it is still not enough to reward good and punish evil. Since Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, they have always regarded punishing evil and promoting good as the top priority in power. How can they have the idea of stabilizing people's natural nature and true feelings?

Moreover, if you obviously like it, you are addicted to colorful; Do you like listening? This is addicted to vocal music. Do you like kindness? This is a natural normal that disturbs people's hearts. Do you like morality? This is against common sense. Do you like etiquette that encourages tedious skills? Do you like music that encourages lewd music? Do you like sage? It encourages skill. Do you like being smart? This encourages debate about nuances. People all over the world want to stabilize the true feelings and nature endowed by nature. These eight ways can be kept or discarded. Everyone in the world doesn't want to stabilize the true feelings and nature endowed by nature, and these eight practices will become factors that will not stretch their fists, disturb disputes and confuse the world. However, people all over the world should respect and cherish it, and people all over the world are confused by it to such an extent! Are these phenomena just passed down from generation to generation? People still talk about it religiously, admire it respectfully and worship it happily. What can I do?

Therefore, it is better for a gentleman to live in the position of ruling the world than to let nature take its course. Only by letting nature take its course can the world preserve human nature and true feelings. Because of this, people who value themselves more than those who control the world can give him the world; He who loves himself more than the things that rule the world can entrust the world to him. It is precisely because of this that if a gentleman can't show his aura in his heart and show his talent and intelligence, he will take off in spirit, be silent and deeply shocked, and his spiritual activities will follow the natural path, and everything will be as free as smoke. Why should I separate my thoughts to rule the world?

Cui Quzi asked Lao Dan: "How can people be kind if they don't govern the world?" Lao Dan replied, "You should be careful not to disturb others at will. People are always depressed when they are depressed, but they are arrogant when they are successful. However, depression or arrogance is as painful as being detained and hurt. Only softness and obedience can soften strength. It is easy to be frustrated and injured when the square is square and angular, like a raging fire when it is intense, and like cold ice when it is low. The inner change is particularly fast. In a blink of an eye, I once again cruise around the world. When I am quiet, I am very quiet. When I am active, I leap into the sky. I am afraid that arrogance is just a person's inner activity! " At that time, the Yellow Emperor began to disturb people's hearts with benevolence and righteousness. Yao and Shun were so tired that they had no meat on their legs and bald hair on their shins. In order to support many people in the world, they preached benevolence and righteousness with great anxiety and spent a lot of effort to formulate statutes. However, he still failed to rule the world. Since then, Yao exiled Huan Dou to Chongshan in the south, Sanmiao to Sandong in the northwest, and Gonggong to Youdu in the north. These are all evidences that he failed to govern the world well. It lasted until the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and shocked people all over the world in many ways, including grave robbers, Zeng Shen and Shi. Flow, and the dispute between Confucianism and Mohism is in full swing. In this way, people either suspect each other with joy or anger, cheat each other with stupidity or wisdom, blame each other with kindness or evil, or mock each other with falsehood or faith, and the world gradually declines; The basic concepts and attitudes towards life are so different. The natural nature of human beings is scattered, the world pursues originality, and the disputes among the people are repeated. So they were subjected to axe, saw and other instruments of torture, rope, ink and other legal norms, and were subjected to corporal punishment such as vertebral chisel. The world tramples on each other, chaotic, and evil is disturbing people's hearts. Therefore, talented people live in seclusion under mountains and valleys, and emperors will be worried and trembling in the court.

In today's world, the bodies of killed people are pressed together, and those who are in prison with shackles and handcuffs are next to each other. People who have been injured by instruments of torture are even more obvious, while Confucianism and Mohism are struggling to argue in shackles and fetters. Oh, too many! They are shameless, shameless, and have come to this! I don't know that the so-called sage wisdom is not used to connect the left and right parts of the shackles, nor do I understand that the so-called benevolence and righteousness are not used to strengthen the holes and wooden shackles of the shackles. How can I know Zeng Shen and Shi? Liu is not the forerunner of Xia Jie and stealing feet! Therefore,' break the sage and abandon wisdom, rule the world and be at peace'. "

Huangdi became emperor in 19, and imperial edicts spread all over the world. I heard that Guang lived on the Kongtong Mountain, so I went to visit him specially and said, "I heard that Mr. Wang is very familiar with Taoism, so I took the liberty to ask the essence of Taoism. I am bent on getting the aura of heaven and earth, helping the grain grow and raising the people. I also hope to dominate Yin and Yang and let many creatures grow to their liking. What should I do? " Guang replied: "What you want to ask is the root of everything; What you want to dominate is the residue of everything. Since you ruled the world, the clouds in the sky gathered and began to rain, the vegetation on the ground withered and withered, and the light of the sun and the moon gradually dimmed. However, the flattering villain is so narrow-minded and so bad, how can he talk about the avenue! " After hearing this, the Yellow Emperor retired, abandoned the state affairs, built a quiet room and covered it with white thatch. In March, he refused to associate and live alone, and went to seek advice.

Guangtou lay facing south, and the Yellow Emperor crawled on his knees. After kowtowing to the ground, he asked, "I heard that Mr. Wang knows the Tao. May I ask how he can cultivate himself for a long time?" Guang Cheng Zi quickly stood up and said, "Good question! Come on, I'll show you the way. The essence of supreme Tao is seclusion; To the extreme, it was dark and silent. It is natural to turn a blind eye, listen but not smell, and keep the spirit quiet. Be sure to keep quiet and peaceful, don't let your body be exhausted, and don't let your spirit be in a trance, so that you can live forever. Your eyes can't see anything, your ears can't hear anything, and your heart knows nothing, so your spirit will be able to grasp your body and your body will live forever. Carefully put aside all thoughts and close all external senses, too much ingenuity will inevitably lead to failure. I'll help you get to the brightest position and go straight to Yang's origin. I'll help you get into the pylorus and go straight to the source of Yin Qi. Heaven and earth have their own masters, and Yin and Yang have their own treasures. Take care of your figure, and everything will grow naturally. I am on the road of the armillary sphere, in the realm of harmony between Yin and Yang, so I have been practicing for 1,200 years, and my figure has never aged. " Once again, the Yellow Emperor gave a big gift and kowtowed and said, "Sir, it can be said that you are really integrated with nature!" " "

Guang went on to say, "Come, let me tell you. There is no end to everything in the universe, but people think there is an end; Things in the universe are impossible to be detected, but people think there are limits. A person can become the emperor and the prince of the world by mastering the Tao I said. Those who can't master what I call Tao can only see the light of the sun and the moon in the world and can only turn into clods in the world. Now everything can be born in the ground and return to the ground, so I will leave you, enter the endless door, and travel in the boundless wilderness. I will shine with the sun and the moon and live with heaven and earth. Come to me, I don't know! Go behind my back, I don't care! I am afraid that people will die, and I am still alone? "

Cloud-driven shipowner tour, passing through Shenmu towering, and meet. HarmonyOS patted his thigh and jumped like a sparrow. Seeing this, Yun was shocked and stopped: "Who is this old gentleman? Why does your old gentleman act like this? " HarmonyOS system patted his thigh and continued to dance. He said to Jiang Yun, "Enjoy it!" The cloud will say, "I want to ask you." HarmonyOS looked up at the general and said, "Hey!" The cloud will say: "The air in the sky is not harmonious, and the air on the ground is not stagnant. Yin and Yang, wind, rain, yin and Ming are not harmonious, and the seasons change. Now I hope to adjust the six qi and nourish all beings. What should I do? " HarmonyOS patted his thigh and turned away, saying, "I don't know! I don't know! " The cloud will not get the answer.

After a lapse of three years, Yun traveled eastward again, passing through vilen of Song State and meeting him by chance. Jiang Yun was overjoyed and hurried forward and said, "Has your old gentleman forgotten me? Has your old gentleman forgotten me? " I kowtowed to the ground and made a big gift, hoping to get the guidance of HarmonyOS system. HarmonyOS said: "freedom of travel, I don't know what to pursue;" Casual activities, don't know where to go. The actors are bustling and watching absolutely false scenes; What can I know! "The cloud will say," I thought I could move freely and the people would follow me. "I had to get close to the people, but now I am imitated by the people. I hope to listen to you. " HarmonyOS said: "It disturbs the routine of nature and goes against the true feelings of things, so the whole change of nature cannot conform to the formation. Social beasts and flying birds all sing at night, and disasters affect vegetation and insects. Hey, this is all the fault of governing the world! " The cloud will ask, "Well, what should I do?" HarmonyOS system said, "Alas, you are poisoned too deeply! You'd better go back. " The cloud will say, "It was not easy for me to meet you. I sincerely hope to hear your suggestions. "

HarmonyOS system said, "alas! Self-cultivation. All you have to do is focus on doing nothing, and everything will change naturally. Forget your body, abandon your wisdom, and let ethics be forgotten with everything. Confused with the boundless natural gas, releasing the spirit from the mind, there is no soul as ruthless as ashes. Everything is complex and changeable, and all return to nature, but their return to nature is unintentional, ignorant and true, and can never be betrayed for life; If you feel something, you are off the mark. Don't ask its name, don't peek at its truth, and everything grows naturally. " The cloud will say, "You taught me how to treat foreign things and myself, and you told me the way to be calm.": I have personally explored the avenue, and now I have just realized it. "kowtow to the ground, then give a big gift, and get up and say goodbye.

Secular people like others to be like themselves, and hate others to be different from themselves. People who want others to be like themselves and don't want others to be different from themselves always regard getting ahead as their main inner pursuit. Those who just want to get ahead can really surpass others! Of course, you can get peace by obeying everyone's will, but what you see and hear is not as good as everyone's skill and intelligence. Those who want to govern the country must covet the benefits of the Xia, Shang and Zhou emperors and fail to see the consequences of doing so. This is done by virtue of the power of governing the country, and how many people covet personal luck without losing the power of governing the country! Among them, less than one in ten thousand can save the country, and those who lose the country will achieve nothing and leave many disasters. Sadly, how unwise the ruler who owns the land is!

A monarch who owns land must own many things. Have a lot of things but can't be enslaved by foreign things. Use foreign things instead of being enslaved by foreign things, so that you can dominate everything in the world. What I understand is that people who own and dominate foreign things are not things themselves, but only people who rule the world! Such a person can already travel around the world, enjoy the whole world, go alone and come and go freely. Such a person is called having everything and overriding everything. A man who owns everything and is above everything can be called the supreme aristocrat.

The teaching of the most precious person is like the body to the image and the sound to the echo. If there is a question, there is an answer. Try to answer questions from all over the world. Focus on the silent realm, move in the changeable place, lead people to shuttle back and forth in the troubled world, thus roaming in the endless realm of no beginning, no end and no support, just like following the sun, endlessly; Appearance, speech and body shape are the same as others, and everyone is the same, so I don't care. It doesn't matter, where you need all kinds of objects! Seeing yourself and all kinds of objects, this is the gentleman of the past; I can't see the existence of my various images, so let me become friends with the eternal world.

It is everything that is humble but must be allowed to develop; Is that the people are humble but must obey; What is inconspicuous but must be done; What is incomplete but must be stated is a statement that can be imitated; What is far away but must be observed is morality; What is close at hand but cannot be extended is kindness; The accumulation of fine details is indispensable for etiquette; It is virtue that conforms to its nature but must be respected; Tao is inherent in a person's anger, but it cannot be changed; What is mysterious and inevitable is nature. Therefore, saints view the wonders of nature without help, achieve flawless cultivation without restraint, act out of Tao without prior consideration, be considerate of benevolence without reliance, be close to virtue without accumulation, be polite without avoidance, touch trifles without delay, be equal to statutes without recklessness, follow the people without arbitrary slavery, and follow the law of changing things without reckless abandonment. You can't force everything, but you must do it. Without understanding the evolution and laws of nature, there will be no pure cultivation; People who don't know anything can't do anything. People who don't understand the Tao are pathetic!

What is Tao? There is heaven and human nature. People who have nothing to do but are in high positions, this is heaven, and those who do things are tired and bitter, which is human nature. The king is heaven, and the liegeman is man. Heaven is far from humanity, so we have to observe it carefully.