What are the characteristics of atmospheric motion in troposphere and stratosphere? Why are there these characteristics?

1. Tropospheric characteristics: the temperature decreases with the increase of altitude, the air convection movement is obvious, and the weather phenomenon is complex and changeable. Three quarters of the atmospheric mass and almost all the water vapor and impurities are concentrated together, and the thickness varies with latitude. The thickness of low latitude is about17 ~18 km; The mid-latitude thickness is about10 ~12 km; The thickness of high latitude is about 8 ~ 9 kilometers.

2. Stratospheric features: the temperature increases with the height, and there is a large amount of ozone layer that absorbs ultraviolet rays, and the height is from the tropopause to 50 ~ 55 kilometers.

Extended data:

The troposphere extends from the earth's surface to the top of the troposphere, the beginning of the stratosphere. At high latitudes, the friction of the surface will affect the airflow, forming a planetary boundary layer with an average thickness of 2 kilometers. The formation of this layer mainly depends on the topography, and it will also be separated from the rest of the troposphere by the countercurrent layer. As the lowest layer of the atmosphere, this layer has the highest density, which contains almost 75% of the total air mass. In the troposphere, air can flow up and down, and weather phenomena such as thunderstorms, dense fog and wind shear all occur in this layer.