What areas are there in Shandong section of Haihe River Basin?

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Dezhou and Liaocheng

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Haihe River Basin borders Bohai Sea in the east, Taihang Mountain in the west, Yellow River in the south and Mongolian Plateau in the north. The total area of the basin is 365,438+820,000 square kilometers, accounting for 3.3% of the total area of the country.

The overall topography of the whole basin is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, which can be roughly divided into three types: plateau, mountain and plain. Shanxi Plateau and Taihang Mountain area in the west, Mongolia Plateau and Yanshan Mountain area in the north, with an area of 189400 km2, accounting for 60%; The east and southeast are plains with an area of 128400 km2, accounting for 40%.

Haihe River Basin includes three major water systems, seven major water systems and 10 backbone rivers, namely Haihe River, Luanhe River and Tuhaimajia River. Among them, Haihe River system is the main water system, which consists of Jiyun Canal, Chaobai River, North Canal and Yongding River in the north and Daqing River, Ziya River and Zhangwei River in the south. Luanhe River system includes Luanhe River and coastal rivers in eastern Hebei; The Haimajia River system is located at the southernmost tip of the basin, and it is a plain river that flows into the sea alone.

Each water system is divided into two types: one is a river with a long history, large catchment area, concentrated water flow and relatively more sediment, which originates from the leeward slope of Taihang Mountain and Yanshan Mountain. The other is a river originating from the windward slope of Taihang Mountain and Yanshan Mountain, with scattered tributaries, short source and rapid flow, high flood peak, short duration and strong suddenness. Historically, floods were mostly discharged after depressions stagnated. The two types of rivers are alternately distributed, and the turbidity is obvious.

The basin belongs to the temperate East Asian monsoon climate zone. Winter is controlled by Siberian continental air mass, with cold and little snow; In spring, affected by the air mass in Mongolia, the temperature rises rapidly, the wind speed is high, the climate is dry, the evaporation is large, and dry weather often occurs. Affected by maritime air mass, it is humid in summer, with high temperature, heavy rainfall and heavy rain. However, due to the inconsistent advance and retreat time, intensity and influence range of the Pacific subtropical high in summer, the rainfall has deteriorated seriously, and droughts and floods have occurred from time to time. Autumn is the transitional season in Xia Dong. Generally, autumn is crisp and there is less rainfall. The annual average temperature in the basin is 1.5 ~ 14℃, and the annual average relative humidity is 50% ~ 70%. The average annual precipitation is 539mm, which belongs to semi-humid and semi-arid zone; The average annual evaporation on land is 470mm, and the evaporation on water surface is1100 mm.

Haihe river basin is densely populated and has many large and medium-sized cities, which plays an important role in China's politics and economy. There are capitals Beijing and Tianjin, as well as 25 large and medium-sized cities such as Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Langfang, Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Baoding, Handan, Xingtai, Cangzhou, Hengshui, Datong, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Yangquan, Changzhi, Anyang, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Hebi, Puyang, Dezhou and Liaocheng. From 65438 to 0998, the total population of the river basin was1.200 million, accounting for nearly 10% of the whole country, of which the urban population was 33.65 million, and the urbanization rate was 28%. The average population density of the basin is 384 people/km2, of which 608 people/km2 are in plain areas.

From 65438 to 0998, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the basin was 967.4 billion yuan, accounting for 12% of the whole country, and the per capita GDP was GDP7922 yuan, which was one quarter higher than the national average (6270 yuan). The total industrial output value is 1.37 trillion yuan. Haihe river basin has the advantages of technology, talents, resources and geography in developing economy.