People's Daily discusses heating: Can it be warmer? Should enterprises go up?

Heating is a special commodity, and the price should not be determined entirely according to the actual operating cost. Although the price of coal continues to rise, considering the affordability of the people, most northern provinces have announced that they will not adjust the heating price this winter. In order to solve the burden brought by rising costs to heating enterprises, enterprises are generally encouraged to minimize costs by adopting new equipment and technologies, and not to adjust prices or reduce service levels.

Is there a great pressure on heating due to rising resource prices?

"Last year, due to the rising price of coal, enterprises spent 265.438 billion yuan more on coal."

165438+1On the evening of October 4th, in a dormitory building in Yangjiaba West Street, Jining City, Shandong Province, Zhao Fengchang, 7 1 year-old, leisurely sat on the sofa reading a newspaper.

"It's going to be heated soon, will the heating cost go up?" The reporter asked.

"The same as last year, according to the construction area, it is 2 1 yuan per square meter." Zhao Fengchang touched the radiator next to him and said, "My house has three rooms, two halls and one bathroom, *** 125 square meter, and it needs to pay 2625 yuan. If you pay before the end of 10, you can also get a discount of 100 yuan. "

"I remember it was very cold at the beginning of last year."

"Last year 165438+ 10, the first snow fell on 5 October, and heating was advanced on 7 October. The warm-up date is still March 15, and no money is collected. " Zhao Fengchang said.

Kong, manager of Jining Thermal Power Company, introduced that in 2008, Jining held a hearing on heating price, and the price per square meter was 2 1 yuan. In the past two years, the coal price has risen from 800 yuan per ton of 700 yuan, and the heating cost has increased. The heating company has lost money, but it has not risen, because the heating price is set by the government.

"Jining City has taken a series of measures to make up for the losses of heating enterprises," said Kong. One way is to give certain financial subsidies to heating enterprises after the heating period. For example, in 2009, Dong Jiao Thermal Power Plant received a subsidy of nearly 8 million yuan. Another way is to mobilize coal from coal enterprises in Jining and buy it at a low price. This year, the market price per ton of coal in 800 yuan, thermal power plants mobilized coal in 450 yuan. The city needs to mobilize 310.5 million tons of coal in a heating season. "Even if government subsidies and mobilization of low-priced coal are adopted, the expenses such as wages, idle assets and equipment maintenance outside the heating period are high, and they are still at a loss."

In Harbin, Ji Weiguo, deputy secretary-general of the municipal government and director of the municipal housing security and real estate administration, told reporters: "Harbin needs 4.2 million tons of coal in a heating period, and the coal price has risen too much, which exceeded our expectations."

"The pressure is quite high, because coal, water and electricity account for 95% of the heating cost." Party beginning of spring, manager of Fangping Property Heating Company of Harbin Property Heating Group, said that their enterprises use large boilers, and the thermal efficiency is higher than that of small boilers. During the whole heating period, 31-32kg of coal is needed per square meter. Last year, due to the rising coal price, enterprises spent 2 1 10,000 yuan on coal.

According to Ji Weiguo, the arrival price of Harbin coal this year is about one ton of 670 yuan, which is 26.8% higher than the same period of last year, with an increase of more than 1/4. The increase in coal prices directly leads to the increase in the cost of heating enterprises.

The reporter learned from some heating enterprises in Harbin that in order to reduce the pressure on heating enterprises as much as possible without increasing the burden on residents, the city began to implement a new policy in the heating season this winter, namely: "Residents' heating costs remain at the original price, while non-residents' heating prices rise by 3 yuan per square meter." A few days ago, Harbin has issued the "Notice on Issues Related to the Linkage of Coal and Heat Prices for Heating in Non-residential Cities", stipulating that the heating fee for non-residential houses within its jurisdiction will be charged according to the new standard, and the heating fee per square meter of usable area will increase from 44.49 yuan last year to 47.49 yuan.

Where are the difficulties in implementing household measurement?

"The temperature can't be adjusted, the measurement is unclear, and there are many problems with household metering and charging."

In order to achieve the goal of energy saving, China began to reform the heating metering mode in 2006 and implemented household metering. According to estimates, through energy-saving transformation, heating units can save heating costs by about10%-20%; By controlling the temperature behavior of residents, energy can be saved 15%-30%. So, what is the progress of household measurement at present? How do people evaluate it?

Zhao Fengchang said that he moved into the existing house from 1997 and has not implemented household measurement so far. "Household metering needs to rebuild the pipeline, and each household needs to spend nearly 1 1,000 yuan. After the renovation of some residential areas, the pipes pass through the rooms, which is ugly. Therefore, for old communities, it is necessary to solicit opinions from the masses before renovation and implement them according to local conditions. "

Hou, director of the office of Jining Thermal Power Company, said: "Jining's goal this year is to achieve 25% household measurement of civil houses, which is very difficult at present." Jining takes different renovation measures for different residential areas, one is to cooperate with the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, and the other is to renovate new residential areas after 2007 10. The residential building area with household metering conditions has reached 6.5438+0.39 million square meters, which is still far from the target. In addition, most of the renovated residential areas are not equipped with heat meters, so it is impossible to realize household metering.

Similarly, in June 2009, 5438+ 10, household heat metering was transformed into the first experimental area of heating metering in Harbin, but the effect was not satisfactory. Today, 56 residential buildings in the community have installed heating meters, involving more than 2,700 households.

However, after a trial operation of heating period, the residents of Yuanda urban oasis community are very disappointed with the household metering heating charging model. "If the temperature can't be adjusted, the measurement can't be calculated clearly", and the so-called "how much to charge by the meter and how much to charge for heat" has not been realized. In the practical application of household metering heating charging mode, problems emerge one after another. Residents report that the room temperature remote control is not easy to use, and the room temperature is not as good as before the pilot.

At present, the 530,000-square-meter equipment room in Harbin has not been charged by measurement, and the heating fee is still charged according to the housing area, which means that about 10000 meters has become a decoration. Meters are installed on the heating pipes of every household in Sunshine Green View Community of Jinxiang Street in Xiangfang District. "When we bought a house, we knew that there was a meter, thinking that we could charge according to the heat used after entering the house, but the developer still charged the heat fee according to the standard of 40.35 yuan per square meter when handling the household." Residents of the community said that the cost of these watches was included in the project cost, but it was useless in the end.

In addition to charging standards and heating quality, the problem of heat meter is also the focus of attention. Generally, the heat meters sold in the market are 600-700 yuan, cheap 400 yuan and expensive 2000-3000 yuan. "It is difficult for government departments to ask companies to adopt a certain watch because they are all qualified products. There is also a problem of regular maintenance. After all, the household measurement requirements are accurate and there is a charge. " Ji Weiguo said.

According to reports, the design service life of heating meters is generally 8 years, and even if these meters are not charged by heat, hot water will cause loss to the meters, which is equivalent to shortening the service life. "What kind of meter to use, how long to repair it, who will pay for it, and who will identify whether the valuation is accurate, all these issues need relevant supporting policies." Fang Lichun said.

Hou said that the Jining municipal government invested financially, purchased a large number of heat meters, installed them for the transformed community free of charge, and realized centralized data collection and unified processing. "There are two kinds of household measurement. One is to measure heat by household and control flow by household. First, only one heat distributor is installed on each radiator, and the heat is calculated by households, so the flow cannot be controlled by households. In the transformation, the supply and demand sides fully negotiated, considered the needs of residents, adopted different transformation methods, and gradually promoted them to effectively reduce the burden on ordinary people. "

It is related to people's livelihood. Should heating enterprises raise prices?

The cost of heating has increased, but most places subsidize heating enterprises to ensure that residents' heating does not increase in price.

165438+ Since10.7, major heating enterprises in Beijing have started to heat and ignite one after another, and the heating pipe network in residents' homes has gradually warmed up, which will reach the standard of 18 degrees Celsius after formal heating on June 5. Due to the rising prices of coal and natural gas, the heating cost per square meter this year has increased by nearly 4 yuan compared with last year.

Experts said that heating is a special commodity, and the price should not be completely determined according to the actual operating cost. Although coal prices have continued to rise this year, considering the affordability of the people, most provinces and cities in the north have announced that they will not adjust heating prices this year.

In order to solve the pressure brought by rising costs to heating enterprises, heating enterprises are generally encouraged to adopt new equipment and technologies, and to minimize costs and service levels without adjusting prices. In order to cope with the special weather, many places have made corresponding plans. The person in charge of the Beijing Heating Office said: "Although the heating costs of heating enterprises have increased due to the rising prices of upstream coal and natural gas, the city still adopts the method of subsidizing heating enterprises to ensure that the heating costs of residents do not increase. "This winter, Beijing municipal and district financial subsidies for heating enterprises will reach more than 2 billion yuan.

Facing the rising price trend of resource products, heating enterprises also hope that the government will continue to increase subsidies and reduce the burden on enterprises.

"It is estimated that this year is still a cold winter. Harbin is still implementing the policy of subsidizing 1.34 yuan per square meter for many years, and the cost pressure is quite high. " Party beginning of spring believes that even if the subsidy policy remains unchanged, some tax relief, such as environmental protection, can alleviate some pressure.

Heating enterprises provide heating in designated areas, and residents in specific areas have no choice. In order to reduce costs, some enterprises arbitrarily reduce the quality of service, resulting in the room temperature in some communities not reaching the government's 16 degrees Celsius, and the masses have great opinions. To this end, Beijing will implement "temperature measurement on Friday". During the heating season, the temperature shall be measured in residents' homes on the 5th,15th and 25th of each month to supervise the heating units to meet the heating standards. Kong suggested setting up a special supervision organization, starting the accountability mechanism of enterprise leaders, and improving the heating service level.

According to Kong, there are five heating enterprises in Jining, among which thermal power plant and high-tech zone heating company are state-owned enterprises, Sihe heating company is a joint-stock enterprise, and Canal heating company and Beihu science and technology heating company are private enterprises. Both state-owned enterprises and private enterprises should adhere to the principle of public welfare. Before heating, all heating enterprises have sent people to the door to issue convenience service cards and clear papers, and announced heating complaints and service hotlines. During the heating period, the enterprise will set up a convenience service team and a repair team. In case of emergency, make sure to arrive at the site for maintenance at any time.