What is the breeding method of arowana? What are the highest and lowest water temperatures?

Arowana is precious and beautiful, including red dragon, golden dragon, silver dragon, black dragon and especially silver dragon. Silver dragon, also known as double-bearded bone fish, belongs to the family Osteoglossidae. Chinese mainland called it "Arowana", Hong Kong called it "Dragon Figure Pearl", Taiwan Province called it "Silver Belt" and Japan called it "Silver Boat Sword". Mainly produced in Guyana and Amazon River in South America, it is a favorite tropical ornamental fish. Arowana is a large fish with a body length close to1m. The fish body is wide-band, and the dorsal fin is opposite to the anal fin, extending to the tail stalk in a band shape. Thoracic fin throat position, wide triangle; Abdominal fin chest position, narrow; The caudal fin is short and fan-shaped. Eyes are located on both sides of the head, near the top of the head. The mouth is superior, large and inclined downward, with a prominent chin and a pair of short beards. Arowana has five rows of silvery white and semicircular huge scales, and its whole body is silvery white and shiny.

2 growth conditions

2. 1 feeding container

Arowana is a strong large fish with high survival rate. Arowana can grow to 60 ~ 100 cm, so the aquarium should not be too small, and the minimum size is1.5×1× 0.8m. If the aquarium space is large, arowana will grow bigger and look better. Aquarium is made of glass and bonded with engineering silica gel, which is a common feeding container in family farming at present. Aquarium should be equipped with air pump, circulating filter, heating pipe, fishing net and other equipment. But for the newly bought small silver dragon, it is not appropriate to use such a large aquarium. You can raise it to about 40cm in a smaller aquarium first, and then move it to a larger aquarium. The aquarium must be covered, because the arowana belongs to the upstream fish, with a muscular back and likes to jump, and it is easy to jump from the top of the tank and cause suffocation and death.

2.2 dissolved oxygen

In the process of feeding the silver dragon, we should always pay attention to the dissolved oxygen in the water in the aquarium. The source of water-soluble oxygen is mainly the oxygen produced by photosynthesis of aquatic plants. The oxygen in the air contacts the water surface and slowly dissolves in the water. It is reported that the normal water-soluble oxygen content of tropical fish is 7 mg/L. If the water-soluble oxygen content drops to 1mg/L, the fish will be deprived of oxygen and even die. The contact area between water and air in aquarium is limited, and the flow of indoor air is weaker than that in open air. Therefore, the water-soluble oxygen in the aquarium is mainly obtained by the operation of the air pump.

2.3 temperature

Yinlong is a high-temperature fish, and its optimum growth temperature is 27 ~ 3 1℃. In order to cooperate with disease treatment, the water temperature can be temporarily heated to about 32℃. If the water temperature is lower than 18℃ for a long time, Yinlong will die. The stability of aquarium water temperature is mainly achieved by two methods: one is to control the room temperature within a reasonable range; The second is to control the water temperature within a reasonable range. The second method is often used in family rearing, that is, putting a glass or stainless steel electric heating tube with automatic temperature adjustment in small and medium-sized aquariums, and setting the water temperature at 27 ~ 365,438 0℃ to keep the water temperature in the aquarium within the normal range. If the aquarium is too large, a heating wire can be laid at the bottom of the aquarium to help heat it. In hot summer, when the water temperature exceeds 30℃, use a refrigerator, air conditioner or cold water to cool down, or put ice cubes in a bottle and then put the whole bottle in an aquarium, so that the water temperature can also be lowered. At the same time, the oxygen pump should be turned on 24 hours, otherwise Yinlong will die suddenly because of the sultry weather.

2.4 Water quality

In the process of feeding yinlong, we should also pay attention to the change of water quality. The growth and development of yinlong requires the pH value of water to be 6.5 ~ 7. The water source for raising ornamental fish at home is mostly tap water, which is neutral water. In the process of feeding, the water quality will become weak acid or weak alkaline. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the changes of water quality frequently. The pH of water is determined by pH test paper, pH measuring solution or special pH measuring instrument. If the water supply is weakly alkaline, sodium dihydrogen phosphate or rice vinegar can be added to the water, and the water quality will become weakly acidic. The stronger the filtration system, the better. Generally, upper trickling filtration, suitable filter material and regular water change should meet the requirements of Yinlong for water quality.

Yinlong does not require high water hardness, but if the water hardness is too high, it is also unfavorable for the growth of Yinlong. The feed water for raising yinlong at home can be mixed with ultra-soft distilled water and tap water to obtain water with different hardness. Activated carbon or ion exchange resin can also be used as a filter material to reduce the hardness of water.

2.5 lighting

The growth of silver dragon needs light, and the longer the light, the better, and the shortest time is not less than 8 hours. Light can make fish healthy and make the color of silver dragon brighter. The best light is sunlight. If you use light instead of sunlight, you need to increase the intensity of light to avoid fish discoloration. The lighting equipment of the aquarium includes metal halogen lamps, fluorescent lamps, mercury lamps and coral lamps. According to the length of the aquarium, lamps with different specifications can be equipped and placed at the top of the aquarium without touching the water surface.

3 Daily management

The feeding management of Yinlong is a highly technical and complicated work, including feeding, changing water, cleaning, daily observation, disease prevention and so on. And in the different stages and seasons of Yinlong's growth, the daily management methods are also different. When Xiaoyinlong just bought it back, it should take13 water from the original tank and bring it back to the new tank, and then inject new water with the same temperature, and the water temperature should be controlled at about 28℃. The air pump should be operated all day to completely remove chlorine from fresh water. The strong water flow generated by the air pump can increase the dissolved oxygen in the water, make the silver dragon swim constantly, keep in shape, and prevent the silver dragon from turning over its cheeks. In addition, in the usual feeding process, a small amount of salt should be added to the aquarium to prevent fungal infection. When arranging the aquarium for keeping silver dragons, a water circulation filter pump should also be assembled. Because there are a lot of residual bait and feces at the bottom of the aquarium every day, if not treated in time, these metabolites will rot and destroy the water quality. Change the water 1 time every week, and change half of the water each time. The old and new water temperatures should be kept in balance, and the temperature difference should be controlled at 1 ~ 2℃. Be careful when changing water, so as to avoid the silver dragon from being frightened and damaging the body.

Silver dragon is a carnivorous fish. When young fish begin to eat raw bait, they can feed the newly shelled white bread worm, shrimp balls with their heads and tails removed, blood worms and other nutritious and digestible bait that Yinlong likes to eat. Feed it four times a day, a little at a time. When the young fish grow up, they can be fed with normal breadworms, shrimp balls with their heads, tails and shells removed, and small fish. Feed it 6 times a day, with a slightly larger amount each time. When the silver dragon grows up, it can feed large live baits such as fish, shrimp, loach, centipede, spider, grasshopper and cockroach, but it must be ensured that these baits are free from infectious diseases or parasites. It is best to use beef and beef heart with less fat as artificial bait, or you can buy finished bait for Yinlong. The special bait for Yinlong contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and trace elements. The bait can float on the water for a long time, does not dissolve and does not affect the water quality.

Four common diseases

Silver dragon is a robust and easy-to-survive fish species, but it will also get sick if the water quality is poor for a long time, or if it is infected by bacteria, fungi and parasites. After getting sick, Yinlong should first change water to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria, and then add medicine to restore Yinlong's resistance.

When feeding aquatic products such as small fish and shrimp, if the food is polluted and the constitution of Yinlong is weak at this time, then Yinlong is prone to trichinosis. The disease can be treated by salt bath: 1 ton of water, 8 kg of salt, and at the same time, the water temperature is raised to about 33℃, and 1/3 water is changed every1day, and salt is added in proportion. After two weeks of this cycle, the arrow can be taken out. In addition, you can anesthetize the silver dragon and pull out the arrow directly by hand. But after pulling it out, it should be coated with some salt, and the temperature should be raised above 365438 0℃ to avoid bacterial infection.

When the water quality is poor, the silver dragon will lose its appetite and sometimes its beard will stick together. At this time, water can be changed to improve water quality and increase their appetite.

For the family-raised silver dragon, the most common disease is enteritis. This disease mostly occurs in spring and summer, which is mainly caused by unclean water quality or feeding corrupt bait. This disease is caused by Enterobacter punctatus, so it is called bacterial enteritis. The normal color of the feces of the silver dragon is black or grayish brown, and it is long; If the color is milky white, it means that Yinlong has indigestion and may have enteritis. When Yinlong suffers from enteritis, the sick fish will have symptoms such as sluggishness, slow action, anorexia and even loss of appetite at first, and will soon die if it is not treated in time. During treatment, 2 ~ 4g of furacilin or furazolidone can be added into 100kg of water, and the sick fish can be soaked for about 30 minutes, twice a day. Enteritis spirit or furazolidone can also be mixed in artificial bait and fed to sick fish twice a day for 7 days. Antibiotics can be used for prevention at ordinary times. The dosage is 4 capsules per 100kg of water, and the water is changed after soaking for 3 days. Source: China Agricultural Technology Network