Are classical Chinese fables?

1. Do you know which stories are idioms and which are fables?

Bian Que (què) was a famous doctor in ancient times.

One day, he went to see Cai Huanhou. After carefully examining Cai Huanhou's complexion, he said: "Your Majesty, you are sick.

The disease is only on the surface of the skin. Treat it quickly and it will be easy to cure." Cai Huanhou said disapprovingly: "I am not sick. You don't need to treat me!" After Bian Que left, Cai Huanhou said to his surroundings: "These doctors want to treat people who are not sick all day long, so they can use this method to prove their medical skills."

< p> Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again. He said anxiously: "Your disease has developed into the muscles.

You must hurry up and treat it!" Cai Huanhou tilted his head: "I am not sick at all! Let's go!" Bian Que After leaving, Cai Huanhou was very unhappy. Ten days later, Bian Que went to visit Cai Huanhou again.

He looked at Cai Huanhou's complexion and said anxiously: "Your Majesty, your illness has entered the intestines and stomach, we can't delay it any longer!" Cai Huanhou shook his head repeatedly: "Damn it, Where did I get this disease?" After Bian Que left, Cai Huanhou became even more unhappy. Ten days later, Bian Que visited Cai Huanhou again.

He only glanced at it, turned around and left. Marquis Huan of Cai was very puzzled, so he sent someone to ask Bian Que: "Why did you turn around and leave when you went to visit the king?" Bian Que said: "Don't be afraid if you are sick. As long as you are treated in time, ordinary diseases will gradually get better. < /p>

If the disease is in the skin, you can use hot compresses; if the disease is in the muscles, you can use acupuncture; if the disease is in the stomach, you can take decoction.

However, now that the king’s disease has penetrated deep into his bones, he can only resign himself to his fate, so I don’t dare to ask for treatment anymore.”

Sure enough, five days later. Later, Cai Huanhou's illness suddenly broke out. He sent people to invite Bian Que quickly, but Bian Que had already gone to another country.

Within a few days, Cai Huanhou died of illness. [Tip] If you are sick, you must follow the doctor's instructions and treat your illness honestly.

Even if you have shortcomings and mistakes, you must listen to everyone’s criticism and make corrections conscientiously. Otherwise, if you make one mistake after another, your condition will become more and more serious, your mistakes will become more and more serious, and it will develop to the point where it is irreversible.

[Original text] Bian Que saw Cai Huangong ① and stood there ②. Bian Que said: "You have a disease in your body ③. If you don't treat it, you will be afraid of it." Huan Hou said: "I don't have a disease ④ ."

Bian Que came out. Marquis Huan said: "The doctor is good at curing the disease and treating it as a result."

After staying for ten days, Bian Que saw him again and said, "Your disease is in the skin. If it is not cured, it will get worse." Huan Hou should not.

Bian Que came out. Marquis Huan was displeased again.

After staying for ten days, Bian Que saw him again and said, "Your illness is in the intestines and stomach. If it is not treated, it will get worse." Hou Huan did not respond.

Bian Que came out. Marquis Huan was displeased again.

After staying for ten days, Bian Que looked at Huan Hou and then left. Marquis Huan asked people to ask about it.

Bian Que said: "The disease lies in the interstitial region, where soup and iron can reach 9; on the skin, where needles and stones can reach; in the intestines and stomach, where fire can reach (11); Marrow, where the command belongs (12), there is nothing to do! Now it is Marrow, so I have no request (13). "After staying for five days, Duke Huan suffered from body pain, and he asked Bian Que (14) to flee Qin.

Hou Huan died (15). ——"Han Feizi" [Note] ① Bian Que - a famous medical scientist during the Warring States Period.

②There is a moment - a while. ③Disease - In ancient times, disease referred to minor illnesses, and disease referred to more serious illnesses.

腠(còu) 理——originally refers to the texture of human skin. This refers to skin.

④ The self-proclaimed title of the ancient king. ⑤Good (hào)——I like it.

⑥Ju-means that a period of time has passed. ⑦Benefit - more.

⑧ Still leaving - turn around and leave. ⑨Soup ironing (yùn) - apply hot water to the skin.

And - reach. ⑩Acupuncture needles - needles used for acupuncture.

Stone needles were used to treat diseases in ancient times. (11) Huo Qi - decoction cooked in fire.

(12) The place where Si Ming belongs - is in the hands of the God of Death. Si Ming, the god who controls people's life and death.

(13) I didn’t ask for it—that’s why I won’t ask (to treat him) anymore. (14) Sou - seek.

(15) Sui——just. Monkeys are carved on the tips of thorns. King Yan posted notices everywhere, seeking skilled craftsmen with special skills.

A man from the Kingdom of Wei came to apply, claiming that he could carve vivid monkeys on the thorns of thorns. King Yan was very happy when he heard that he had such outstanding skills, and immediately gave him extremely generous treatment and supported him.

After a few days, King Yan wanted to see the artistic treasures carved by this skillful craftsman. The Weiguo man said: "If the monarch wants to see it, he must comply with two conditions of mine: first, he will not enter the harem to have fun with his concubines within half a year; second, he will not drink alcohol or eat meat.

Then choose a rainy day with sunrise. In the half-dark light, you can see the monkey I carved on the thorn tip. "When King Yan heard these conditions, he could not comply with them. He could only continue to support this Weiguo man in the inner palace with fine clothes and fine food, but he never had the opportunity to appreciate the treasures he carved.

In the palace When a blacksmith heard this, he couldn't help laughing secretly and said to King Yan: "I specialize in making knives.

Everyone knows that no matter how small the carved product is, it can only be carved with a carving knife. Therefore, the carved thing must be larger than the blade of the carving knife. If the point of the thorn is too thin to accommodate the smallest blade, it will be impossible to carve it.

Ask the king to check the craftsman's carving knife, so that you can know whether what he said is true or false. When the king heard this, he woke up as if from a dream. He immediately found the Weiguo man and asked, "What tool did you use to carve the monkey on the thorn tip?" The Weiguo people replied: "Carving knife." "

King Yan said: "Please show me your carving knife. "When the people of Wei heard this, they panicked, and on the pretext of going to their residence to get a carving knife, they slipped out of the palace gate and ran away.

[Tip] No matter how cleverly crafted the lies are, they will never stand up. Careful investigation and careful analysis. According to this fable, people often call lies "the story of thorns".

It should be noted that the boasting of the Wei people in the story should be compared with today. With the development of the times and the advancement of technology, people can carve on hair with extremely fine knives, magnifying glasses and microscopes.

But one or two thousand years ago. , people's skills have not yet reached such a high level. The analysis and judgment of the blacksmith in the story was based on the level at that time.

[Original] King Yan Zheng Qiaoshu ①, Wei people. Said: "The end of the thorn can be regarded as a female monkey. "The king of Yan said it ②, and raised it with the five chariots ③.

The king said: "I try to observe that the guest is the female monkey of Thorns. The guest said: "If you want to see it, you must not be an official for half a year. You must not drink alcohol or eat meat. When the sun rises in the rain and fog, you can see it between the sun and the clouds. It is the mother of thorns." 2. Classical Chinese fables

Holding a pole and entering the city

A man of Lu entered the city gate holding a long pole. If he held it upright at first, he could not enter. If he held it horizontally, he would not be able to enter. There is no plan. out. An old father came and said, "I am not a saint, but I have seen many things. Why not cut them in with a saw?" So he cut them off.

There was a man in the state of Lu who entered the city gate with a long pole. At first, he held it upright and could not enter the city gate. When he held it sideways, he could not enter the city gate. I really can’t think of anything. Here comes the solution. After a while, an old man came here and said: "I am not a sage, but I have seen a lot of things. Why don't I cut the long pole with a saw and enter the city gate?" The man from Lu followed the old man's method. The long pole was cut off.

People in Zheng buy shoes

People in Zheng who have shoes and put them aside first put them on their own and then sit on them. When they get to the market and forget to take care of them, when they have got the shoes, they say: "I forgot to hold on to it." Instead, I returned to get it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties.

People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Zheng people buy shoes

Zheng Guoyou I personally wanted to buy a pair of shoes. He first measured his feet and then put the measured size on his seat. He went to the market in a hurry and forgot to bring the size. He had already gotten the shoes, but said, "I forgot to bring the size." He went home to get them. When he came back, the market had closed and he finally didn't buy any shoes.

Someone asked him: "Why don't you try the size of the shoes on your own feet?" He replied: "I would rather believe in the size than my own feet!"

Self-contradiction

There is a Chu people who sells shields and spears. He praises them by saying: "My shield is so strong that nothing can sink it." He also praises his spears by saying: "My spear is so sharp. "Everything is trapped." Or, "How about using Zi's spear and trapping Zi's shield?" This person can't respond. A shield that cannot be trapped and a spear that cannot be trapped cannot exist in the same world.

Contradictory

There was a man in the state of Chu who sold both shields and spears. (He) praised himself (his shield) and said: "My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it." (He) also praised his spear and said: "My spear is so sharp that it can't be pierced by anything." It cannot be pierced." Someone said, "What will happen if you use your spear to pierce your shield?" The seller could not respond. It is impossible for a shield that cannot be pierced to exist at the same time without a spear that cannot be pierced.

1. The shadow of a snake with a cup and a bow

I often have relatives and guests who have not come back for a long time, so I ask them why. He replied: "I was sitting in front of me and was given wine. I wanted to drink it. I saw a snake in the cup. It meant something very evil. I drank it and became sick." At that time, there were horns on the wall of the Henan Province, and there were snakes painted in lacquer, which meant Guangdong. The snake in the cup is the shadow of a horn. He put the wine in front of him again and asked the guest, "Do you see anything again in the wine?" He replied, "What you saw is the same as before." Guang told him the reason, and the guest suddenly understood it, and his illness was cured.

2. Entering the city by cutting off the pole

If someone from Lu enters the city gate holding a long pole, if he holds it firmly at first, he will not be able to enter; if he holds it horizontally, he will not be able to enter. Nothing comes out of the plan.

Then an old father came and said, "I'm no saint, but I've seen a lot of things! Why not cut it in with a saw?" So he cut it off.

3. The snipe and the clam fight

When the clam comes out, the snipe pecks at its flesh, and the clam closes and clamps its beak. The snipe said: "If it doesn't rain today, if it won't rain tomorrow, then there will be dead clams." The clam also said to the snipe, "If it doesn't come out today, and it won't come out tomorrow, then there will be dead snipe." If the two refuse to give up, the fishermen will get it. And birds.

4. Pulling out the seedlings to encourage them to grow

There was a person in the Song Dynasty who pulled the seedlings when they were not growing. He came back with a bright light and said to him: "I am sick today! Please help the seedlings grow." "That's it!" His son came to look at it, and Miao was writing. 3. What are the fables in classical Chinese?

1. The fable in Liu Ji's "Yu Ion" - "Rui Bo sacrifices his horse to the enemy"

King Zhou Li sent Rui Bo to command his troops to attack the Rong army. If you get a good horse, you will offer it to the king. Rui Ji said: "It is better to donate it. The king is insatiable in his desires and believes too much in people's words. Now that the master has returned and presented the horse, the king's left and right will surely get more than one horse from his son, and they will all ask for it. The son has nothing to offer. If you respond, you will tell the king, and the king will definitely believe it. This is Jia's misfortune. "If you don't listen, you will offer it."

The envoy of Duke Rongyi asked for the fruit, but he couldn't get it, so he teased the kings and said, "Bo Ye is hiding." The king angrily chased Rui Bo away.

The gentleman says that Rui Bo is also guilty: You know the king's blasphemy and expose it: Rui Bo is also guilty.

2. Fables from the Sutra of One Hundred Parables - Selected from "The Sutra of One Hundred Parables" by Gasna

Once upon a time, there was an elder's son who went into the sea to fetch the sinking water. After years of accumulation, you can get a car and bring it home. They sold it in the market because it was expensive, so there were no buyers. After many days, it cannot be sold. The heart is tired and tired, and feels distressed. When you see someone selling charcoal, sell it quickly. Then he thought to himself: It is better to burn it and make charcoal, so that it can be sold quickly. That is to say, burn it into charcoal and sell it in the market. The price of half a load of charcoal cannot be determined. The same is true for the fools in the world.

3. Su Shi’s fables - selected from "Miscellaneous Stories of Ai Zi" by Dongpo Lay (author)

One day when the King of Qi came to court, Gu said to his ministers: "My country is introducing Among several powerful countries, the years have been hard for preparations. Now I want to mobilize the young men and build a big city. Starting from the East China Sea, connecting Jimo, passing through Daxing, connecting Xuanyuan, going down to Wuguan, meandering for four thousand miles, isolating the other countries, so that Qin cannot Looking to the west of me, Chu can't steal our south, and Han and Wei can't control me. Now, although the people are building the city, they have to work a little, but in the future there will no longer be the danger of conquests and invasions, and they can live forever. Come on. After hearing my order, who wouldn't come here with joy?" Ai Zi said to him, "It's snowing heavily today. When I go to court, I see people standing on the side of the road, standing still, looking at the sky and singing. I am surprised. Asked why, he replied: "The heavy snow is coming, and I hope people will eat cheap wheat next year. I will freeze to death this year." Just like building a city today, the people don't know who will enjoy eternal life."

4. "Father and Son are Strong in Nature" Fable - Feng Menglong's "Guangxiao Mansion"

There are fathers and sons who are both strong in nature and refuse to let others go. One day, the father invited guests to drink and sent his son into the city to eat meat. After the son had returned with the meat, he was about to leave the city gate when a man came across from him. Neither of them gave way, so they stood erect for a long time. When the father came to look for him and saw him, he said to his son: "You can take the meat and go back to accompany the guest to eat (drink) while I confront him here!"

5. The fable of Liu Ji's "Yu Ion" - "The more you work, the better you make the boat."

The more you work, the better you make the boat. The king of Yue used it well and ordered the people to provide him with food. The one who built the boat over Yue Zongzhi. When he was more than a year old, he said to the king of Yue: "I can not only build boats, but also sail them." Wang Xinzhi, during the battle of Jun and Li, the wind blew across the five lakes and drowned him, and everyone in Yue pitied him. Yu Li said: "It's like someone who draws a snake and tries to make its feet! No one knows how to be wise or foolish, but he only knows that if he stops, the work will be completed and not destroyed." 4. Fables (classical Chinese)

Carving a boat to seek a sword

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There was a Chu man who was wading into the river. His sword fell from his boat into the water. He suddenly (jǜ) wedged (qì) his boat and said, "This is where my sword fell." The boat stopped and fell from its place. Those who agree enter the water to seek it. The boat has moved, but the sword cannot move. It is confusing to ask for a sword like this

Meaning

This story tells us: things in the world are always developing and changing. When people think about problems and do things, they should take this change into consideration and adapt to the needs of this change. To stick to a dogma means to stick to the rules, being stubborn and not knowing how to adapt. As the location changes, the approach to solving the problem should be flexible.

Two Children Debating on the Sun

Original text: When Confucius traveled eastward, he saw two children arguing (1) and asked why (2).

One son said: "I use (3) when the sun starts to go out, (4) people are close, and when the sun is at (5) time, they are far away."

One son uses the sun It is far away at the beginning of the day, but close at the middle of the day.

Yi'er said: "At the beginning of the day, it is as big as a car hood (6), and (7) at the middle of the day, (8) is like a pan (9). This is not because (10) those who are far away are small and close. "How big is that?"

Yi'er said: "It's cool in Cangcang at the beginning of the day (11), and it's like exploring the soup in the middle of the day (12). Isn't it hot for those who are close and cool for those who are far away?" ”

Confucius couldn’t decide (13).

The two children laughed and said: "Who knows more about you (14)!"

Meaning:

1. Looking at the problem one-sidedly will not lead to conclusions. The correct conclusion is to look at things from more angles.

2. No matter how great a scholar you are, there are still things you don’t understand.

3. Don’t pretend to understand but seek truth from facts.