May I ask: Who are the protagonists of these idioms, such as "looking at plum to quench thirst", "eating and drinking", "seven steps into a poem" and "borrowing an arrow from a straw boat"?

The protagonist of "Looking at Plums to Quench Thirst" is Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms, the protagonist of "Sleeping for a Taste of Courage" is Gou Jian, the King of Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the protagonist of "Seven Steps into Poetry" is Cao Zhi, the son of Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms, and the protagonist of "Arrow Borrowing Grass Boat" is Zhuge Liang (Kong Ming) of the Three Kingdoms.

1, hope plum to quench thirst

Wang Mei Huan

The original intention of the explanation is that plums are sour, and people will drool and quench their thirst if they want to eat plums. Metaphorically, after the wish can't be realized, comfort yourself with fantasy.

From Liu Yiqing's Hypothesis of the World in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wei Wu lost his way in the battle and the whole army was thirsty, so he said,' There is a big Merlin in front, please forgive him, and quench his thirst with sweet and sour. "Foot soldiers smell it, with a mouthful of water, can get the former source. "

Structural connection.

Usage is used as a derogatory term. Generally used as predicate, object and attribute.

Eager to distinguish shapes; Can't write "drink".

Synonym painting cakes to satisfy hunger

The antonym is worthy of the name.

~ discrimination with "painting cakes to satisfy hunger"; They all comfort themselves with fantasies; It's always common. But ~ means emptiness and fantasy; No actual action; And "painting cakes to satisfy hunger" often has the behavior of painting cakes instead of chatting.

If you don't study hard; I just want to take shortcuts; I'm afraid it is ~; It's no use.

English translation of illusory hope

One summer, Cao Cao led his army to crusade against Zhang Xiu. The weather is unusually hot, the sun is like fire, and there is not a cloud in the sky. The troops walked on the winding mountain road, and the dense trees and rocks scorched by the sun on both sides made people breathless. By noon, the soldiers' clothes were soaked, the marching speed slowed down, and several weak soldiers fainted on the side of the road. Guo Han asked angrily: Cao Cao is worried that the marching speed is getting slower and slower, and he is worried about delaying the fighter plane. However, at present, tens of thousands of people can't even drink water. How can we speed up? He immediately called the guide and asked him quietly, "Is there a water source near here?" The guide shook his head and said, "The spring is on the other side of the valley. It's a long detour. " Cao Cao thought for a moment and said, "No, it's too late." He looked at the forest in front of him, thought for a moment, and said to the guide, "Don't say anything, I'll think of something." He knew that even if he ordered the troops to speed up at the moment, it would not help. A brainwave, the solution came. He grabbed the horse by the stomach and quickly rushed to the front of the team. Pointing at the front with a whip, he said, "Soldiers, I know there is a large area of Merlin in front, where the plums are big and delicious. Let's hurry around this hill and get to Meilin! " Hearing this, the soldiers seemed to eat it in their mouths, and their spirits were greatly boosted, and their pace could not help but accelerate a lot.

2. Eat your bread and taste your courage

I love you

Explain the salary: firewood. Sleeping on straw still smells of bravery after eating and sleeping. Describe a person who works hard and strives for the best.

Source: "Historical Records of the King of Yue Goujian's Family": "The rebellion of King Goujian of Yue is bitter, urgent, afraid of sitting, afraid of sitting, afraid of eating and drinking."

Structural combination.

Usage is as a compliment. Generally used as predicate, attribute and adverbial.

Positive sound; It cannot be pronounced "cánɡ". "

Discrimination against wages; Can't write "new"

Synonyms are angry, eager to be strong, snacks, and eating.

The antonym is happy but not homesick.

Discrimination ~ and "strive for strength" determination to struggle; The meaning of seeking wealth. But ~ contains the meaning of hard work and self-motivation; It is vivid and elegant; And "strive to become stronger" is just a simple statement.

Example: early 1960s; Our people have overcome serious natural disasters and the international economic blockade by reactionary forces.

English Translation of Bend Down to Conquer

Idiom Story During the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue and China were adjacent and often fought. On one occasion, the King of Wu led troops to attack the state of Yue, and was hit by Gu Ling, the general of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and finally died of serious injuries. After the death of the King of Wu, his son Fu Cha succeeded to the throne. Three years later, Fu Cha led troops to attack Yue State to avenge his father. In 497 BC, the two countries fought in Fujiao, and Wu won a great victory. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was forced to retreat to Huiji. The prince of Wu sent troops to pursue and besieged Gou Jian on Huiji Mountain. The situation is very critical. At this time, Gou Jian listened to the doctor's tactics, prepared some gold and silver treasures and some beautiful women, sent someone to secretly give them to Wu Taizai, and pleaded with the king of Wu through Taizai, and finally agreed to the peace of the King of Yue Gou Jian. However, Wu Zixu of the State of Wu thought that he could not make peace with the State of Yue, otherwise it would be tantamount to releasing the tiger to the mountain, but the king of Wu would not listen. After the surrender of Gou Jian, the King of Yue, he took his wife to Wu. They live in a stone house next to Focha's father's grave and raise horses. Every time he travels in Fu Cha, Gou Jian always follows him respectfully with a whip. Later, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, became ill. In order to show his loyalty to Fu Cha, Gou Jian personally tasted Fu Cha's stool to judge the date of Fu Cha's recovery. The date of Fu Cha's illness coincides with Gou Jian's prediction. Fu Cha thought Gou Jian was loyal to him, so he put him and his wife back in Yue. After returning to China, Gou Jian, King of Yue, was determined to avenge himself. In order not to forget the national humiliation, he slept on the firewood, and there was a gall hanging in the place where he sat, indicating that he did not forget the national humiliation and the national disaster. After ten years' accumulation, the State of Yue finally changed from a weak country to a strong one, and finally defeated the State of Wu, who committed suicide in shame.

3, seven steps into a poem

qébéchéng shch

It shows that talents are quick-thinking.

The source of "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Literature" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wendi wants Dong Wang E to write poetry in seven steps, and those who fail will do Dafa; The answer is a poem:' Boil beans for soup and simmer them for juice; Glutinous rice is burned in the kettle, and beans weep in the kettle; We are born from the same root, so why should we speculate with each other! The emperor was deeply ashamed. "

Formal idioms

Used as object and attribute; resourceful

Synonym seven steps, seven steps into a chapter.

For example, Ming Luo Guan Zhong's "Ping Shan Leng Yan" is the sixth time: Leng Jiang Xue Dao: "Purple Sword ~, a story of a thousand years, how can it be rescheduled?"

English translation writes a poem within the time required to take seven steps.

After the death of Cao Cao, the eldest son Cao Pi succeeded to the throne. Xelloss was afraid that his younger brothers would compete with him, so he took the lead and seized the relieving of his second brother Cao Zhang. And forced the fourth brother Cao Xiong to hang himself. At this time, the third Cao Zhi was left, and Cao Pi hated it. Therefore, Cao Zhi was ordered to walk seven steps above the main hall, and then improvise a poem on the topic of "brother", but the word "brother" cannot appear in the poem, which is enough, otherwise it will hurt the killer. Without thinking about it, Cao Zhi blurted out immediately: "Boil beans and burn beans, and beans cry in the kettle. This is the same root, why rush to fry! " -This is the famous "seven steps into a poem". After hearing this, Cao Pi burst into tears, but he didn't do it. He just demoted Cao Zhi to Hou of Anxiang.

4. Grass boat borrows arrows

Collection of songs of Chu

Explain the use of intelligence, relying on other people's manpower or financial resources to achieve their own goals.

Source Ming Luo Guan Zhong wrote in the 46th chapter of Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Borrow an arrow to make a clever plan for Kongming, and offer a secret plan for Huang Gai."

Structural contraction type

Used as object and attribute; Refers to borrowing the power of others.

For example, Liu Zhixia's "Flying Tigers" chapter 22: "Zhuge Liang borrowed an arrow to go to the' Three Kingdoms', wasn't it calculated in advance!"

During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao led an army to conquer Wu Dong, and Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined forces to resist Cao Cao. There was a general named Zhou Yu under Sun Quan, who was clever and brave, but narrow-minded and jealous of Zhuge Liang's talent. Because the water war needs arrows, Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to build 100 thousand arrows in ten days, but Zhuge Liang only needed three days, and he was willing to issue a military order, and he was willing to be punished if he failed to complete the task. Zhou Yu thought it was impossible to build 100,000 arrows in three days, and he just took this opportunity to get rid of Zhuge Liang. So on the one hand, he told military craftsmen not to prepare all the materials for making arrows, and on the other hand, he told minister Lu Su to inquire about Zhuge Liang's reality. Lu Su met Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang said, "Please help me with this. I hope you can lend me 20 boats, each with 30 sergeants. The boat should be covered with green cloth, and more than 1000 straw handles should be arranged on both sides of the boat. However, Zhou Yu must not know about this matter. " Lu Su agreed and prepared everything according to Zhuge Liang's request. Two days passed, but nothing happened. On the third day, at four o'clock, Zhuge Liang secretly let Lu Su get on the boat with him, saying that he would go to get the arrow together. Lu Su wondered. Zhuge Liang ordered the ropes on the ship to be connected and rushed to the other side. There was fog on the river that day, and there was no one on the other side. When the boat approached the water village in Cao Jun, Zhuge Liang ordered the boat to be set aside and let the soldiers beat drums and shout. Thinking that the other side was coming to attack, Cao Cao was afraid of being ambushed in the fog, so he sent six thousand archers to shoot arrows into the river, and the arrows rained down on the straw handle. After a while, Zhuge Liang ordered the ship to turn around and let the other side get an arrow. When the sun comes out, the fog will disperse. Zhuge Liang ordered the ship to return quickly. At this time, the grass handles on both sides of the ship were densely covered with arrows, and each ship had at least five or six thousand, a total of hundreds of thousands. When Lu Su told Zhou Yu the story of borrowing an arrow, Zhou Yu sighed, "Zhuge Liang has a clever plan, but I am not as good as him."