The Natural Environment of Jianmin Town

Jianmin Town has one river and two rivers, namely Hanjiang River, Yuehe River and Fujia River, with a drainage area of nearly 3.5 square kilometers.

1, Yuehe, a large transit river in the town, is a secondary tributary of the Han River. It enters from Liujiapo Village in Jianmin Town, passes through Renjiaba, Renjiashan, Song Jiaying, Acorus calamus, Chenjiashan, Zhongxin, Loyalty, Fengjiaba, Luojiawan and Shejiayao Village, joins the Han River in Honglian Village and flows into the Han River, with a total length of 650.

2. Fujiahe, a transit river in China, enters from Lianhua Village in Jianmin Town, flows through Toudang, Youyi, Wang Cao, Lian Meng, Sidang and other villages, joins the Hanjiang River in Song Jiaying Village, and leaves the country to join Yuehe River, with a total length of 8.7 kilometers.

3. Hanjiang River, called Hanshui, Mianshui and Xianghe in ancient times. It is also called "Jianghuai Hehan" with the Yangtze River, Yellow River and Huaihe River. It is one of the four famous waters in China. It originated in ningqiang county, Shaanxi Province at the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains. Jianmin Town enters from the Royal Courtyard, passes through the villages of Qingnian, Shejiayao, Honglian and Qiligou, and exits at Huanggou Village, with a total length of15.2km.. Jianmin Town belongs to the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone. The hilly area has moderate illumination, abundant rainfall, mild climate, distinct seasons and long frost-free period. The lowest temperature in winter is below -2℃ for less than a month, and it is only at night, not very cold; The highest temperature in summer is over 37℃, not more than one and a half months every year. The annual average temperature is about 16℃ in hilly areas, about 10℃ in mountainous areas, the frost-free period is 263 days, the annual sunshine hours are181/kloc-0.5 hours, and the accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃ 4000. The annual total solar radiation is 107.53 kcal/cm2.

The town belongs to the north-south monsoon rainfall, and the summer monsoon and winter monsoon alternate. It is rainy from late June to September, and the average annual precipitation is about 800 ~1000 mm. There is heavy rain in summer and rainy in autumn, with summer, autumn and spring accounting for 45%, 35% and 10%. There are several kinds of soils in the town, yellow soil, paddy soil and red soil.

1, yellow soil. Mainly due to the formation of rain, commonly known as "a bag of soup when it rains, the weather is as hard as steel." However, when planting crops, the back fertilizer is heavy, the soil nutrient content is low, the water supply performance is poor, farming is difficult, hardening is easy, and the crop yield is not high. It is distributed in Gallen Lo, Huayuangou, Xin Qiang and other villages in my town.

2. Paddy soil. Mainly paddy soil, which has been matured by hydroponics, is mostly formed by Hongshan silt alluvial. The soil has high water retention, good water permeability and high organic matter content, which is mainly distributed in Weijiapo, Toudang, Luo Jiaying, Friendship, Union and Alliance villages in our town. It is the main and high producing area of rice, rape, wheat and other crops in our town.

3. Red soil. It is formed by weathering of red sandstone. The soil is reddish brown, rich in calcareous soil and alkaline soil, with poor water retention and low organic matter content. Most of the mature soil layers are between 30 and 70 cm, distributed in Liujiapo, Renjiaba and other villages. It mainly grows sweet potatoes, wheat, corn and other crops. The quality of Polygonum cuspidatum planted in this soil is superior to other kinds of soil, and the starch content is high, which is the raw material for farmers to make vermicelli and starch. 1, broad-leaved forest. Quercus acutissima forest (Quercus variabilis) is the representative tree species of broad-leaved forest in this town. Almost every family in Bashuliang, Liaoyegou, Fengjiaba, Zhongxin, Roy, Qingnian, Donggou and other mountain villages has one such tree. Quercus acutissima is the main fuel for villagers to cook and keep warm, and the charcoal made from it is of good quality. Trunk is also the best material for cultivating high-quality auricularia auricula and tremella. There are chestnuts, persimmon trees, tea trees, sumac trees, Toona sinensis trees, poplars, willows and birch trees, which are widely distributed in China.

2. Coniferous forest. Pinus massoniana forest is the most common in China. Masson pine is the main raw material for villagers to build houses. Because the wood is moderate and difficult to deform, it is mostly used in rafters, purlins, doors and windows. In addition, there are coniferous forests such as Chinese fir and hard-core pine, most of which are mixed with other tree species.

3. Bamboo grove. Bamboo grove is also a part of this town. Some villagers plant them in front of and behind their houses, which is the material for making washing baskets, back baskets, bamboo baskets, dustpans and other utensils.

4. Medicinal plants. Most of the wild medicinal materials in China are distributed in the mountainous area west of Yuejianzui, with more than 200 species. Common ones are Radix Codonopsis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Asari, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Bupleuri, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Lily, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Eucommiae Cortex, Radix Asparagi and Radix Ophiopogonis. The mountain area in the west of the town is densely forested and inhabited by many rare birds and animals. There are two kinds of protected animals: wild boar, white-crowned pheasant (pheasant) and golden rooster. Lots of wild boar, rabbits, badgers, squirrels and snakes. Common birds are sparrows, swallows, magpies, crows, wild ducks, water magpies, white old birds and so on.

Cultivated plants can be divided into two categories: food crops and cash crops, including cereals, beans, potatoes, oilseeds, tobacco, vegetables, melons, medicinal herbs, grasses and so on 10. There are 13 species and 170 varieties. Grain crops are mainly wheat, corn, rice, potatoes and beans, and the crop layout takes into account both summer and autumn, with autumn as the main crop, accounting for more than 55% of the total grain crop area. Rice and corn are the main crops in autumn, accounting for 15% and 50% of the grain crop area respectively, and the total output of rice and corn accounts for 32% and 56% of the total output of autumn grain respectively. The main cash crops are oilseeds (rape, sesame and peanut) vegetables and fruits, accounting for 49%, 32% and 19% of the total cash crops respectively. In recent years, with the adjustment of the internal structure of planting industry, the area of cash crops is on the rise. Rape accounts for more than 80% of oil crops, followed by sesame and peanuts. Vegetable planting area has accounted for more than 40% of cash crops. 1, precious metal

Placer gold deposit is a medium-sized placer gold deposit, which is distributed in the Yuehe River basin and the lower reaches of Fujia, with little reserves. It was mined in the 1990s.

2. Nonferrous metals

Iron ore. It is distributed in the southern part of Liaoyegou village and the northern mountainous area of Bashuliang village. It was mined in 1970s, but it was abandoned because of its small reserves, low quality and high mining cost.

Alumina ore is distributed in the west of Yuehe River, the west of Liujiapo Village and the north of Liaoyegou Village, with proven reserves of 6.5438+0.5 million tons, which are now mined by professional mining companies.

3. Non-metallic

Limestone mine. Marble, also known as marble, is the main raw material of cement, lime and other building materials products, with proven reserves of 2.3 million tons, mainly distributed in some mountainous areas such as Qingnian, Bashuliang and Donggou Village in Roy, and is now mined sporadically.

Carboniferous. It is a fuel product, mainly distributed in Donggou, Liujiapo, Lijiatan and other areas, with proven reserves of 3.4 million tons and sporadic exploitation.

Stone mine. Mainly distributed in the western mountainous area of Chenjiashan, it is the main building material, with proven reserves of 6,543,800 tons+0.4 million tons, and is now being mined.

Diabase mine. Mainly distributed in Honglian Village and Renjiashan. It has been proved that there are 800,000 tons of diabase in Honglianyangou and 300,000 tons of broken diabase in Renjiashan, but both of them are of low quality and have not yet been mined. 1, flood and drought

Jianmin Town is a natural disaster-prone area. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the recorded water level exceeded the warning water level for more than 20 times, resulting in 15 injuries and 1 missing. 1996 After the town was built, * * catastrophic floods occurred 10 times, resulting in major disasters such as houses collapsed, farmland was destroyed, roads were interrupted, communications were damaged, and people's property suffered huge losses. Therefore, disaster prevention and relief is also the focus of the town's work. Every year, the town government sets up corresponding emergency rescue teams and other institutions to prevent, rob and rescue, and fully studies, demonstrates and formulates a work plan that conforms to the actual situation of the town, so as to ensure that it can play a role in disaster prevention, mitigation and resilience in times of crisis. Over the years, no casualties have been achieved in the event of disasters, and property losses have been minimized.

2. Landslides and mudslides

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were no more geological disasters in Jianmin Town. The most serious one was on July 20th10, 18. Due to the continuous rainstorm, 36 villages suffered losses to varying degrees. Small-flow mudslides and landslides occurred in Bashuliang, Qiligou, Zhongxin and Renjiaba villages, which damaged 6 1 room and affected 4,670 mu of land. In order to prevent the occurrence of geological disasters, reduce casualties and protect people's lives and property from losses, the Ministry of Land and Resources has carefully investigated the hidden dangers of geological disasters throughout the country, and has identified more than 30 hidden dangers of geological disasters, involving Changchun, Qiligou, Huayuangou, Xin Qiang, Luojiawan, Qingnian, Bashuliang, Liujiapo, Renjiaba, Renjiashan, Loyalty, Center and Honglian.