Why is the flight of China Southern Airlines delayed?

Weather reason

At present, the weather is the main reason for flight delay. It is generally believed that the bad weather is obvious and passengers can understand the flight delay, but it is not.

At present, the explanation of civil aviation for the delay caused by bad weather is that the weather can not meet the flight standards and can not take off on time. General civil aviation service personnel often don't know exactly the impact of bad weather on flights like passengers. From the passenger's point of view: bad weather means strong wind, heavy rain and fog, planes may not be able to take off and land, and flights may be delayed. However, this understanding is one-sided and will lead to many misunderstandings. Think that civil aviation is deceptive, especially some flights can go and some can't.

The simple word "weather reason" actually contains many situations: the weather conditions at the departure airport are not suitable for take-off; The weather conditions at the destination airport are not suitable for landing; Meteorological conditions of flight routes are not suitable for overflight, etc.

In order to ensure flight safety, there are many meteorological standards that meet the requirements of flight, take-off and landing. Here, first of all, introduce where the weather conditions affect a flight, which will help you understand.

-Weather conditions at the departure airport (visibility, low-level clouds, thunderstorm area, strong crosswind):

-Weather conditions at the destination airport (visibility, low-level clouds, thunderstorm area, strong crosswind):

-Meteorological conditions on the flight route (high-altitude thunderstorm area):

-Unit status (technical level of the unit, analyzing and mastering the current weather and trends to make professional decisions)

-the condition of the aircraft (the aircraft's safety standards for meteorological conditions and the failure of some airborne equipment on the premise of safety make the aircraft unsuitable for flying in such weather conditions)

-Subsequent situations caused by bad weather (mostly damage to airport navigation facilities, unqualified runways such as icing, serious water accumulation, etc.). )

Air traffic control:

In this case, the explanation of civil aviation is even less, because it is considered that it is not its own reason and it is impossible to change this situation. It can only wait for the notice honestly, and it is useless for passengers to worry.

From the passenger's point of view, there are few planes on the tarmac. Where does the traffic come from and what does it control? Oh, everything is normal at the destination airport, and there is no control at all. In fact, flow control is invisible to ordinary passengers. On the surface, everything seems to be all right.

"The sea is wide and the fish jumps, and the sky is high and birds fly", but in reality, civil aviation planes, like cars on the ground, are restricted and influenced by many factors. In short, civil aircraft take off, land and fly in limited space, limited time and limited conditions. At present, the air traffic in some busy airports is overloaded, and it is normal for planes to glide on the ground or even wait for a long time when they leave Hong Kong.

There are two main reasons why air traffic control affects flights.

1. Flow control: In recent years, China's civil aviation has developed rapidly and the number of flights has surged. However, the development of corresponding ground facilities, navigation equipment and service guarantee is slow, and the route structure is unreasonable, which can not adapt to the rapid development of current civil aviation. Especially for reasons such as ensuring national defense security, China has imposed strict restrictions on airspace, and there are many restricted areas in the air. The military is responsible for organizing the implementation of national flight control, and the adjustable redundancy in civil aviation is very small. What we are talking about here is normal flow control. In fact, there are many reasons for traffic control, such as some unexpected situations in the air or at the airport, which will not be introduced here.

2. Air Force activities: This situation involves national defense secrets and often comes suddenly. In short, control and related civil aviation flights will be affected, either waiting on the ground, waiting in the air or returning or landing at other nearby airports. In this case, you can only wait, there is no reason and no estimated time, everything is top secret. Take Xiamen as an example, the proportion of flight delays caused by this situation is not small, especially in the case of military exercises in the southeast coast and tense cross-strait relations. Generally speaking, air force activities will be carried out during the day when the weather is clear. Generally speaking, it mainly controls the outbound flights from Xiamen to Shantou, that is, international flights from Xiamen to Southeast Asia, regional flights to Hong Kong and Macao, and flights to Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Haikou and Kunming. In severe cases, flights in these directions will also be affected, or they will alternate nearby or return. The control time is as short as half an hour and as long as three or four hours. Once the control is lifted, there will often be a large number of aircraft jams in the airspace, which will continue to cause delays. Once the control is implemented, almost all flights at the relevant airports will be disrupted that day, leaving civil aviation at a loss.

Mechanical failure:

Passengers have to get off the plane when they get on the plane or the plane breaks down. Sometimes, after the plane takes off, they are told to return or land nearby. Under these circumstances, it is understandable that passengers not only have to endure the inconvenience caused by flight delays, but also worry about safety. Passengers are concerned about how long it will take to fix the fault. When passengers board the plane again, they are more concerned about whether the plane fault has been completely eliminated. This paper briefly introduces the general procedures of daily maintenance and post-fault maintenance of aircraft.

First of all, let passengers rest assured that the safety factor of aircraft is constantly improving and the aircraft is becoming more and more advanced. It has multi-layer redundancy and multiple backup systems in all important characteristics of the aircraft. The aircraft has a detailed regular maintenance plan, and the corresponding systems and equipment should be thoroughly inspected and replaced every once in a while. Even if the system and equipment work normally, according to the long-term maintenance experience, most hidden dangers will be dealt with in time in these routine inspections, but no matter how perfect and meticulous the routine maintenance is, there is no guarantee that the aircraft equipment will not suddenly break down, which can often be avoided by normal routine inspections. Maintenance personnel, crew members and advanced airborne computers will also monitor any situation of the aircraft at any time, and any problems that pose a threat to flight safety will be solved before continuing to fly. Of course, in order to ensure safety, it is worthwhile to completely eliminate hidden dangers, which will inevitably cause a certain degree of delay. After all, safety is the most important thing.

Once an aircraft breaks down during the flight mission, the crew should make necessary inspection and judgment according to the maintenance procedures, analyze the fault phenomenon, find the source of the fault, and then carry out corresponding troubleshooting work, such as replacing the faulty parts. After troubleshooting, it is necessary to fill in the relevant maintenance records, and it is also possible to carry out certain testing work to determine whether to repair. The whole troubleshooting process takes some time. Even some minor faults, there must be a set of strict maintenance and inspection procedures to ensure flight safety.

Generally speaking, if the plane is at the base of an airline, it will take a long time to deal with the fault, even if it is a major fault that is difficult to repair for a while, because it is easier to deploy at the base and the delay time will be shorter.

If the aircraft fault is located in an external station, there may be a lack of necessary maintenance equipment, spare parts and maintenance personnel in the local area. It is really hard to say how long the delay caused by this situation will take, which is related to the specific situation of the fault and the local maintenance ability. If it is difficult to eliminate major faults at one time, it will take a long time to send another plane.