How to breed sea cucumbers?

Sea cucumber has high nutritional value and is a good tonic feed. Do you know how sea cucumbers are cultured? Next, I'll show you. Welcome to read!

Morphologica

Sea cucumber has high nutritional value and is a good tonic feed. Do you know how sea cucumbers are cultured? Next, I'll show you. Welcome to read!

Morphological characteristics of sea cucumbers * * * Echinoderm * * Holothurian or Holothurian * *1,100 species of invertebrates. The body is cylindrical and soft. Dragon 2? 200 cm * * * about 0.75? 6.5 feet * * *, 1 thick? 20 cm ***0.4？ 8 inches * * *, dark. It has thorns and its endoskeleton degenerates into tiny bone fragments. Many species have five rows of tube feet from mouth to * * *. The anal orifice is also responsible for breathing and excreting waste. There are 10 or more retractable tentacles around the mouth, which are used for predation or burrowing. Many species can release their internal organs from * * * and then regenerate new ones, probably to escape the enemy. The hidden fish of octopus is usually born in cloaca. Many of them can release toxins that are fatal to small animals, but they are not life-threatening. Residents of the South China Sea Islands put sea cucumber juice into water to kill or paralyze fish. Sea cucumbers are edible, such as sea cucumbers, sea cucumbers and sea cucumbers. It can be found everywhere in the ocean, mostly in shallow water, but sometimes in deep water. Mainly produced in Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean. Sea cucumber 80? 100 species mostly in coral reefs.

The body is cylindrical, with a length of 10 ~ 20 cm and an extra large size of up to 30 cm. Tentacle wheel, 17 ~ 30, generally 20. The tentacles are well developed. The mouth is at the front end, mostly on the abdomen. * * * at the back end, more inclined to the back. There are generally wart feet on the back and tube feet on the abdomen.

Sea cucumber crawls by stretching its muscles and can only advance four meters per hour. When the sea cucumber can't get rid of the enemy's attack, through the sharp contraction of the body, the internal organs are quickly thrown from * * * to the enemy. After the sea cucumber loses its internal organs, it will grow back after several weeks of growth. Sea cucumber moves very slowly, only 3 meters per hour, slower than snails, so it is good at camouflage, and its skin color is similar to the environment; At the same time, it relies on excreting internal organs to confuse natural enemies and strong regeneration ability to survive. As long as the water temperature and water quality are suitable, even if half of the sea cucumber is cut off or eaten by natural enemies, the sea cucumber can grow back in a few months, but the premise is that the remaining half must have a head or * * *, because the growth cells are concentrated in these two parts. The natural enemy of sea cucumber is crab.

Biological characteristics of sea cucumber discoloration.

Sea cucumber can change its body color with the living environment. Sea cucumbers living near rocky reefs are brown or light blue; Sea cucumbers living in seaweed and seaweed are green. This discoloration of sea cucumber can effectively avoid the harm of natural enemies. Sea cucumbers that eat algae for a long time are generally darker in color than other sea cucumbers.

Be in a dormant state

When the water temperature reaches 20℃, the sea cucumber will quietly move to the darkness of the deep-sea reef, hide at the bottom of the stone, and face down. Sleep for three or four months. During the period, you can't eat, you can't move, and your whole body shrinks and hardens. I won't wake up to continue my activities until after autumn.

weather forecast

Sea cucumber can predict the weather, and when it encounters a storm warning, it will hide in the gap in advance. Fishermen use this phenomenon to predict the situation of storms at sea.

Drainage becomes dirty and escapes.

Drain the dirt and run away. When fierce natural enemies such as sharks sneak up, the alert sea cucumber will quickly spit out its internal organs for the other side to eat, and escape without a trace with the help of the recoil force of cleaning dirt. This is called decontamination function. Of course, sea cucumbers without internal organs will not die, and a new pair of internal organs will grow in about 50 days.

Free time after main work

Cut the sea cucumber into two pieces and put it into the sea. After 3-8 months, each section will produce a complete sea cucumber. Some sea cucumbers also have the ability to cut themselves. When the conditions are right, they can cut themselves, and each segment will grow into a sea cucumber in the future. This regeneration and repair function of sea cucumber has been deeply studied and discussed by medical and bioengineers.

Rejection function

Someone has done an experiment: pierce the sea cucumber with needle and thread or iron wire and tie a knot. In less than half a month, the sea cucumber will magically discharge foreign bodies without leaving any traces of its body.

The living environment of sea cucumbers Sea cucumbers are distributed in Togo, China. There are more than 30 species of sea cucumbers produced in the South China Sea of China, most of which are Xisha Islands, and the temperate waters are mainly Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula. Sea cucumbers are common in tropical and subtropical oceans, and there are many kinds of coral reefs in India-West Pacific. Some are hidden, some are drilled in the sand, and some species can only be found in coral reefs. Feeding is often rhythmic. Living in the seabed 2 ~ 40m deep; The adaptive water temperature is 0℃ ~ 28℃ and the salinity is 28 ‰ ~ 31‰; Sleep when the water temperature is higher than 20℃ in summer; The bait is mainly animal and plant debris and benthic diatoms in mud and sand; The breeding period is from June to July; It has a strong regenerative ability. Distribution:

1. Climatic zone: tropical * * * has 86% of sea cucumber production * *, while temperate * * * sea cucumber resources are single, mainly distributed in the east and west sides of the Pacific Ocean * * *

2. Ocean distribution: tropical Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.

3. The main sea cucumber resources in tropical areas: Glehnia littoralis * * * sea cucumber * * *

White ginseng * * * Red ginseng * * *

Sea cucumber * * * Rough sea cucumber * * *

Sea cucumber * * *

Stichopus japonicus actinomycetes * * * *

Ginseng verrucosa * * *

Japanese ginseng * * * Japanese ginseng * * *

Green sea cucumber * * * *

Stichopus japonicus * * * Stichopus japonicus * * * *

4. Main species of temperate sea cucumber: American sea cucumber * * * Psorastichopus California NICs * * * is the main species on the east coast.

The west coast is dominated by Japan plus five.

5. Distribution of main sea cucumbers in temperate zone: China and Japan are mainly produced in Hokkaido, and South Korea and Canada are both produced in British Columbia, USA.

China's main producing areas are in Washington State.

6. Main sea cucumber resources in temperate zone: Stichopus japonicus * * *

Stichopus japonicus * * *

Green sea cucumber * * * Green sea cucumber * * *

Japanese ginseng * * * pineapple * * *

Black milk ginseng * * * vole ginseng * * * Grifola frondosa, a kind of sea cucumber.

The effect of sea cucumber 】 Sea cucumber contains protein, calcium, potassium, zinc, iron, selenium, manganese and other active substances. Other active ingredients in sea cucumber include holothurin and acidic mucopolysaccharide of sea cucumber, which is composed of hexosamine, hexuronic acid and fucose. It also contains 18 amino acids and does not contain cholesterol. Because the sea cucumber is warm, it has the effects of tonifying kidney and essence, nourishing yin and strengthening yang, nourishing blood and moistening dryness, regulating menstruation and relieving fatigue, and preventing and benefiting fetus. It can improve male endocrine ability, improve female metabolism, promote sex hormone secretion ability and improve sexual function.

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, kidney is the foundation of human body. As long as there is a problem with the kidney, not only is the quality of sexual life reduced, but other organs will also dry up accordingly. The effect of Gongpin sea cucumber on human body is mainly to tonify the kidney and consolidate the foundation, which is also a good saying. As long as a person's kidney is strong, all organs and meridians will be correspondingly strong, and eventually the human body will be healthier and the ability to resist diseases will be greatly enhanced. Sea cucumber From the perspective of western medicine, Gong Pin sea cucumber can have many functions, because it can repair and enhance human immunity. Through the analysis of the components of sea cucumber, it is found that this is mainly because the acidic polysaccharides, peptides and other active substances contained in sea cucumber can greatly improve human immunity. As long as the human body has strong immunity, it can resist various diseases. A large amount of selenium can effectively prevent cancer, chondroitin sulfate can delay aging, arginine and zinc can nourish yin and strengthen yang.

The repair and regeneration function of sea cucumber is its important feature. Such as quickly healing wounds, repairing the gastrointestinal tract damaged for many years, repairing the immune system, repairing islets, and restoring hematopoietic function. All of them reflect the powerful repair and regeneration characteristics of sea cucumber.

Artificial culture method of sea cucumber and pretreatment method of sea cucumber before egg collection

Because of the important nutritional and medicinal value of sea cucumber, artificial propagation and breeding of sea cucumber have been paid more and more attention, and spontaneous large-scale breeding activities have flourished. However, at present, there are few reports about the biology and ecology of sea cucumber at home and abroad, and there is a lack of systematic aquaculture technical data. Based on the above reasons, Professor Chang Yaqing of Dalian Fisheries College and others compiled the book "Biological Research and Culture of Sea Cucumber and Sea urchin", which will be officially published in Ocean Press in September this year. The book collects a large number of relevant research materials at home and abroad, including some research results of the author in recent years, and systematically summarizes the biological and ecological contents of sea cucumber and sea urchin, as well as artificial seedling raising and breeding techniques. This newspaper will extract some of the contents of the book and publish it in this newspaper in a serial way for readers.

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