Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Can the climate in Sichuan grow pineapples?
Can the climate in Sichuan grow pineapples?
Analysis and explanation:
The general characteristics of climate in Sichuan are: significant regional differences, warm winter, spring drought, hot summer, rainy autumn, cloudy east, less sunshine, long growing season, cold winter, long winter, basically no summer in the west, abundant sunshine, concentrated precipitation and clear dry and wet seasons.
The vertical climate changes greatly and there are many types of climate, which is beneficial to the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. The annual average temperature is 12 ~ 20℃.
There are many kinds of meteorological disasters, with high frequency and wide range, mainly drought, and heavy rains, floods and low temperatures often occur.
Pineapple is native to tropical high-temperature and arid areas in South America, with mild nature. It can grow at the annual average temperature of 24-27℃ (the most suitable growth range is 15-40℃, but it grows slowly below 15℃, and basically stops growing below 10℃, and 5℃ is the critical temperature of chilling injury.
Pineapple cultivation in China is mainly concentrated in Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan and other provinces, with a small amount of cultivation in Yunnan and southern Guizhou, which has a history of more than 400 years.
Therefore, considering comprehensively, this area is not suitable for planting, and it is cold in winter and rainy in summer, which is not conducive to the growth of pineapple.
Breeding method:
Planting 3800 ~ 4000 pineapples per mu requires a large number of seedlings. There are three commonly used methods, including plastic germination, asexual reproduction and tissue culture.
Time and method of accelerating germination: Choose plants with 40 cm green leaves from May to165438+1October, including 40 Cayenne and 35 Philippines.
Each plant was irrigated with mixed solution of 250 mg/L ethephon and 25ml 1% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride to accelerate germination. On the 5th and 2nd day after treatment, 25 ml of plastic solution with the times of 1200 ~ 1500 and 600 ~ 750 were used to irrigate the roots respectively.
Asexual propagation, common seedling raising, that is, using the small terminal buds, small supporting buds, small sucking buds and fruit tumor buds in the field to classify and follow in, and then cultivate them in the nursery and leave the garden.
The small buds left on the fruit stalk after fruit picking are used for growth and seedling raising, and the old stems are used for cutting propagation.
Tissue culture seedlings were cultured in Ms medium at room temperature of 30℃, illumination of 65438±02h or natural illumination.
Pest control:
Wilt disease: after the disease, the leaves become soft and droop, the leaves are light green to red, the base rot, and finally the whole plant dies. This disease is caused by the harm of scale insects. Prevention and control methods: First, strict attention should be paid to the propagation of disease-free seedlings. Secondly, it is necessary to put out the scale insects in time, soak the head with 500 times dimethoate solution when planting, and plant it upside down and dry it. If scale insects are found to be harmful after planting, dimethoate should be sprayed 500 times or 25% zhongkemeiling 1500 times in time. Moreover, if a diseased plant is found in the pineapple garden, it should be dug up in time to prevent its spread.
Black rot: the core of the damaged fruit turns black and gradually spreads to the whole fruit rot. Pathogens mostly invade from bud picking and fruit stalk wounds. Prevention and control methods: be careful not to pick the heart and fruit in rainy days to reduce the chance of pathogen invasion. The disease is also the main disease of pineapple fresh fruit storage.
Miao heart rot: Miao heart rot to death. It is mainly caused by accumulated heat or water. Prevention and control methods: avoid long-term stacking of seedlings, especially during long-distance transportation, and avoid heating and injury to seedlings due to high temperature, high humidity or sealing. Spread it out immediately after it is delivered to the destination, and then plant it in the sun 1 day to 2 days. Avoid planting in rainy days and pay attention to deep ploughing and shallow planting.
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