What are the planting techniques of tea trees?

Seedling planting method 1, seedling: drilling method is suitable. Sowing can be done in both winter and spring. Winter sowing is in l 65438+ 10, and spring sowing is in February-March. Winter sowing furrow width 10 ~ 12 cm, furrow spacing 18 ~ 2 1 cm, and depth 4 ~ 5 cm. Sowing amount per mu 100 ~ 125 kg. Before sowing, select the seeds and disinfect them with water. After sowing, cover them with 3 ~ 4 cm soil, and then cover them with a thin layer of straw. The grass should be uncovered in late April.

2, asexual seedling raising

(1) Cutting seedling: the nursery soil for cutting is divided into two layers, the surface layer is yellow soil mixed with Gaza (the ratio depends on the viscosity of yellow soil), and the thickness is 6-10cm; The lower layer is fertile soil, the loose layer is about 10cm, and the pH value of the cut soil is not greater than 6.

(2) Grafting and seedling raising: Grafting mainly takes stock of seedlings and common camellia oleifera seedlings as rootstocks, soaking seeds 35-45 days before grafting and sowing, that is, sowing on sand bed or nutrient soil, with a depth of about 3cm, and slightly compacting after sand covering, with a sand thickness of about 65438±0 ocm, which is not conducive to grafting.

3. Management of Camellia oleifera plantation ① Reclamation: After Camellia oleifera enters the full fruit stage, shallow hoeing should be carried out at least once a year and deep digging should be carried out once every three years according to site conditions and variety types. Usually after the rainy season and before the dry season. The depth is about 10cm. The digging depth should be 15 ~ 20 cm from fruit picking to juice outflow in the next year. Soil and water conservation must be paid attention to when reclaiming forest land. The terrain is gentle and the slope is 15. The following Camellia oleifera forest land can be fully cultivated, but depending on the slope length, soil and water conservation zones should be left at the top, mountainside and toe of the slope. The slope is 15. Above all, especially the soil with sandstone and granite development, it is appropriate to use reclamation, digging a piece and rotation every other year.

② Fertilization: Different types of fertilizers are applied according to soil nutrient content, growth status of Camellia oleifera and different growth periods. In the new year, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer are the main materials; In off-year, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer are the main factors. Apply compound fertilizer 15kg per mu every year, and apply it in the same amount as organic fertilizer.

③ Pruning: thinning is the main method of Camellia oleifera, and annual weight pruning and young pruning are the main methods. Cut off dead branches, pests and diseases, cross branches, tender inner branches, foot branches, long branches, etc. After the fruit is harvested every year, the juice flows out until the next year.

④ Density adjustment: densely planted forest land, usually in 10 ~ 12 years, when branches and leaves cover each other. At this time, the density should be adjusted to 1 ~ 2 times in 2 ~ 3 years, replanting and thinning forests should be done, and inferior forests should be replaced.

Pests and diseases 1, anthracnose: control before winter, 50% carbendazim, 500 times wettable powder solution. Use 50% WP 300 times solution or 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for prevention and control in summer.

2. Soft rot: 300-500 times of 50% carbendazim, 300-500 times of 75% thiophanate methyl, 50% sterilization 1000- 1500 times of bordeaux1/kloc-0.

3. Root rot: 1% copper sulfate or dixone, etc.

4. Blue-winged Anoplophora longissima: The adults can be sprayed with 20% fruit emulsion 500 times, 90% trichlorfon 1000 times and 90% trichlorfon 500 times in the larval stage.

5. weevil: 90% trichlorfon crystal 1000 times solution, 80% dichlorvos EC 1: 1 water 1000 times solution.

References:

Tea Cultivation Techniques-Baidu Encyclopedia