The customs and people's feelings in Chun Hu town

Earlier, due to the backward equipment on fishing boats, fishermen in Zhao Tong judged the unpredictable weather at sea by observing the weather, which resulted in many meteorological fishing proverbs.

"0-level still wind smoke goes straight up, 1 level smoke indicates the wind direction, 2-level tarpaulin rings, 3-level red flag rises, 4-level confetti floats, 5-level water waves, 6-level masthead whirring, 7-level headwind walking (at this time, the ship will enter Aoi, that is, go home), 8-level branches deform, 9-level strong wind lifts the top beam, and 10-level trees fall down. Proverbs visualize the size of the wind with concrete things.

Fishermen also infer weather changes by observing the sun, moon and stars; "The sunrise is white, bright and windy", "The morning sun is covered with hemp fiber, bright and rainy", "The sunrise is carmine, but windy without rain", "The sunset is brilliant, bright and sunny", "The sunset is red, tomorrow is red", "The sun is dark and bright, and the waist hurts", "The moon is dizzy, and the window is closed. The Ming Dynasty was still sunny, with scattered stars, dead chickens drenched, scattered stars, and the rain was dense. The stars shook and shook, and it was stormy. When it rained, it was difficult to see sunny days. When you went out, the stars blinked and held umbrellas. It was very hot in summer, and it was even crazier when it rained for a long time.

Fishermen also summed up the relationship between aquatic animals and climate in production practice, such as "fish jump, rain comes", "fish float, rain comes", "rice and shrimp jump, wind rises at dawn", "shrimp swim, rain follows", "full moon, squid goes out to sea" and "the first month is dark, squid hits the ridge".

Fishermen have also noticed the subtle relationship between seagulls and weather changes: "Early gulls are cloudy and late gulls are sunny" and "seagulls sing in the middle of the night, and rain gods can't reach dawn".

By mastering these meteorological proverbs, we can understand the ever-changing meteorological situation. It is clear that dark clouds are gathering and thunder is rumbling, but the fishermen said unhurriedly, "Only thunder doesn't flash, and there is rain on the horizon." When thunder is accompanied by lightning, they will say, "It thundered, flashed, and the rain fell before our eyes." The heavy rain stopped for a while, and then it stopped raining? Looking up at the sky, I know: "There is rain everywhere, but there is no rain to shine."

When fishing boats are in the sea, there are some proverbs about how to predict the coming of typhoons: "One day the south wind is crazy, two days the south wind is crazy, three days the south wind is crazy", "In June and July, the north wind blows, and there will be a storm for one or two days", "Without wind and waves, the typhoon will fall" and "The sunrise is like a pig's head cloud, and the typhoon is coming". They can also detect the wind direction. "People stand on the deck, the wind comes from behind, and the left front is the direction of the typhoon center; People stand on the deck, the wind comes from the front, and the direction in front is the center of the typhoon. "

At that time, fishermen relied on these fishing proverbs to judge the weather and fish in the ocean. In the early years, children at the seaside liked to play all kinds of games at night, among which "Soldiers and Bandits" and "Sea and Mountain" played the most.

"Robber of Qing soldiers" refers to 10 many children who play the role of Qing soldiers form an enclosed "net" on the threshing floor hand in hand, keeping a close eye on several children who play robbers in the middle and trying to "net" them one by one. The children in the net, however, hide from left to right, rush forward and then rush forward, identify the weak links, or break through the net, or get out of the mesh between hands, or "kill" to open a "bloody road" and force a breakthrough. But in any case, children who play robbers will eventually be caught in the net. The child who was caught in the net changed his role, and he was no longer the "clean soldier" who pulled the net, and then continued to play.

In Sea and Mountain, about 20 children are divided into two groups, A and B, with clear boundaries. One group is called "sea", which has a wide geographical range and accounts for the vast majority of the whole grain drying field. This group of children are "Qi Jiabing" who specialize in catching "Japanese pirates". The other group is called "Mountain", which can only be regarded as an island in the sea, so the boundary is very limited. When a group of children disguised as "enemies" fled everywhere, "Qi Jiabing" chased and captured them. After catching an enemy, Qi "imprisoned" him as bait, waiting for other "enemies" to "rescue", and then arrested him one by one.

The imprisoned "enemy" stood in a fixed position, one hand stretched out horizontally, and there were many "Qi Jiabing" on both sides. If an "enemy" who came to the rescue photographed the imprisoned "enemy" with his hand, then the "rescue" was successful. But many times, "pirates" who come to "rescue" will also be arrested, so that a pair will be arrested. Sometimes, the "enemy" repeatedly "rescues" and is caught again and again. Those captured "Japanese pirates" lined up in a horizontal line and were imprisoned in the same place. At this critical juncture, "Japanese pirates" also launched a surprise attack. They divided the rescuers into two or three teams, and used the strategy of "diverting attention" to skillfully attract the main force of "Qi" and "imprison" them under the negligence of the other party. Fishermen think that building a new boat is a top priority. When will the construction begin? When will "pork ribs" be served? When will you go into the water for trial? They should choose the most auspicious day and time in advance.

Fishermen call the ship's side "meat rib" and shipbuilding "meat rib", just like building a house as a "beam".

The day of the new ship "rib" has arrived. The boatman led the crew to the beach built by the new ship early in the morning, waiting for its auspicious moment. Next to the new boat, someone has placed offerings, lit incense sticks and invited the "Taiping Bodhisattva". Because fishermen go fishing in the sea, what they want most is peace.

The new ship has been finalized and the "muscle tendon" has been pressed, but the last few nails have not been nailed. Several shipbuilders stood beside the "meat ribs" on both sides of the new ship with red strips of cloth with axes. "bang!" With the roar of the cannon, Master Damu waved his axe, followed by a burst of "crackling" firecrackers and people's cheers. On this day, Master Damu's salary doubled. At noon, the boatman's family hosted several rich dishes, which were called "Shangliang wine".

After the completion of the new ship, the final ceremony is to conduct sea trials. This is a happy day. Trial, generally choose a day in the flood season, such as the first day, second day, fifteenth day and sixteenth day of the lunar calendar.

On that day, the beach was noisy with gongs and drums, which was really lively. The boss and the crew came, and some prominent people in the village also came.

The new ship is covered with colorful paper-cut Caiqi Yang, and the banner with the word "Ling" on the bow is fluttering in the wind. A large group of boys who were selected as passengers at the age of about ten skipped around here, dressed neatly and beautifully. After the net boatman boarded the boat, the children were arranged to sit in different positions, and the crew was ready to push the boat.

The tide is flat, so it's time to go into the water for trial. The net boatman waved his flag and blew his whistle, and the sound of drums was tight. The new boat slowly moved forward and slid to the surface with the sound of "meowing" and "meowing". The net boatman jumped on the new boat nimbly, pulled up the sail neatly, and sailed forward with the rudder steady.

At the end of the experiment, each passenger's child got a red envelope-money to buy candy. Lead the ship, also known as "command ship" and "lead the ship". It originated in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. At that time, pirates were rampant along the coast, and fishermen's fishing boats were both fishing boats and warships. In order to catch fish and fight well, they were organized into groups of fleets, and each group of fleets had a "command ship". In order to distinguish, each fleet has its own different flag.

Red Flag Team: A red flag has a white word "Ling" written on it.

Yellow Flag Team: There is a black and white Tai Chi map in the middle of the yellow flag.

Blue Flag Team: The blue satin is marked with black iron anchor.

Green Flag Team: A big centipede is impressively embroidered on the blue silk flag.

White Flag Team: There is a black word "Ling" in the center of the white flag.

There are sharks, whales, flying fish, tiger fish and blue crabs. The flags of these fleets are all marked with some kind of fish or crab. This may also be the "totem" worshipped by ancient fishermen.

Each fleet has different weapons, for example, the red flag team is a double-edged dragon sword, the yellow flag team is a hook gun, the blue flag team is a mountain axe, the green flag team is a shield single knife, the white flag team is a three-legged stick, the shark team is a mace, and the whale team is a spear. ...

In addition, each fleet also stipulated its own password and horn. The flag of the "command ship" of each fleet is particularly large, and the boss of the "command ship" is a capable person with certain authority in Murakami. In production and battle, they have points and combinations, advances and retreats. When a large number of Japanese invaders invaded, they United against the enemy. When Qi Jiguang was ordered to come to Xiangshan Port to conquer the enemy, these fishermen's fleets actively cooperated and became a powerful local armed force, which made great contributions to War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

The "command ship" has since become the "leading ship" for fishing. Lead the fleet in fishing production, come forward to deal with various accidents of the fleet at sea and help solve some difficulties.

After the founding of New China, the leading boatman was a village leader with rich fishing experience, and the configuration of personnel and equipment was better than other boats. In the 1950s and 1960s, the lead ship was also equipped with guns and ammunition and a full-time armed cadre. By the end of 1960s, it was also equipped with a barefoot doctor and a radio operator. September 23rd of the lunar calendar is a day for fishermen to thank the ocean and go home for leisure. During the period, the troupe will be invited to perform at the ancestral temple for a few days. The money for the performance was paid by the "house" in turn, and later by the paired boats in turn. It not only means celebrating, but also means that we don't forget our ancestors year after year.

A few days before the performance, the ancestral hall was already full of people. There are offerings in front of the statue, surrounded by cigarettes and brightly lit candles. Some elderly women bring their grandchildren to pray for peace in front of their ancestors. Almost every household in the village came to see the play.

There must be comedy in the first stage of the first day of junior high school, and the plot must have "God bless the people", which is an unwritten rule in fishing villages. In the future, the troupe will produce more than a dozen names, which will be chosen by the people on duty.

When watching a play, it is often noisy in front of the stage.

Both sides of the stage are called nursing homes, and they are all old people. The middle place is the "heaven and earth" for women and children; The low-lying man in front of the stage is called nave, and all the young people stand and watch the play.

These young people who watch plays in nave like to join in the fun and watch them well. Suddenly, a group of people appeared and the crowd surged back and forth. Some of them shouted "ho, ho" to add fuel to the fire; Some put their backs flat on their chests and go with the flow, but their eyes are still staring at the stage; Some people saw the crowd coming in, hurriedly dodged or got under the stage or jumped on the stone steps of the building to watch; Some people tried to be the mainstay, only to find that a rickety body was almost trampled underfoot. ...

When a woman dressed in black with plain hair appeared on the stage, with a dog stick in her right hand and a begging basket in her left hand, the hearts of the audience were shocked and the surging crowd in the nave suddenly quieted down. The bitter corner sings from the left side of the stage to the right side of the stage, which is sad and sad. At this point, the audience appeared a scene of Xiao killing sorrow. Some old people and women can't help making noises, and some men can't help but get their eyes wet. Impulsively, they pulled out the copper boom and threw it on the stage, as if the corner was really a poor woman in trouble. It sounds strange that fishermen have all kinds of taboos in the past. The summary is as follows:

If a woman wants to go to a fishing boat moored at the dock, she must never get off the bow. The reason is that the bow has the eyes of the ship, and the fishermen regard the eyes of the ship as the "sacred objects" of the ship. They should be absolutely protected to keep them bright and not lose their way during the voyage. According to feudal superstition, it is blasphemous for women to get on and off the boat from the bow. But with the improvement of women's status, this vulgar custom has been eliminated.

Once on the fishing boat, no one can clap their hands, which means that the fish will run away when they hear the clapping sound, suggesting that the sailing boat must be an "empty net"

From time to time, a little seawater leaks from the bottom of the ship in the cabin, and someone often needs to scoop it out with a spoon. People at the seaside are usually called "wipe", but on fishing boats, you can't say "wipe", and "scrape" means "strong wind blows", which is unlucky. There are many taboos like this. If the fishermen on board dump the leftovers on the ocean, it can't be called "dumping" but "selling"; It is ok to kill other livestock on fishing boats, but it is forbidden to kill sheep, because "sheep" is homophonic with "ocean".

When eating on a fishing boat, you must never put chopsticks in a bowl, because chopsticks symbolize the boat and the bowl symbolizes the reef. If someone puts chopsticks in a bowl, it is said that they will "run into rocks".

Every bowl on the fishing boat should be flat, indicating that sailing at sea is peaceful. If a bowl is upside down, it is a bad omen for capsizing, so don't turn the bowl upside down on a fishing boat.

The emergence and form of these taboos are inseparable from the painful history of fishermen in the past. With the progress of the times and the improvement of fishermen's knowledge, these taboos have gradually faded.