Write down the geographical location, climate characteristics, political and legal systems and main economic income of 25 countries.

Location: Located in the east of Eurasia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean.

Climatic characteristics: the monsoon is distinctive, the continental climate is obvious, and the climate types are diverse.

Political system: people's congress system

Main economic income: the world's largest exporter, the second largest importer, with the largest foreign exchange reserves.

Second, France

Location: It is the largest country in Western Europe, located in the western part of the European continent.

Climate characteristics: the western part has a temperate maritime climate, the southern part has a Mediterranean climate, and the northeastern part has a temperate continental climate.

Political system: semi-presidential system and system.

Main economic income: France is the second largest exporter of agricultural products in the world after the United States, and the proportion of the tertiary industry in the French economy is increasing year by year. Among them, the business volume of telecommunications, information, tourism services and transportation departments has increased substantially, and the service industry employees account for about 70% of the total labor force.

The main industrial sectors are mining, metallurgy, automobile manufacturing, shipbuilding, machinery manufacturing, textile, chemistry, electrical appliances, electricity, consumer goods, food processing and construction. Nuclear energy, petrochemical industry, marine development, aerospace and other emerging industrial sectors have developed rapidly in recent years, and their proportion in industrial output value has been increasing. The capacity of nuclear power equipment, petroleum and petroleum processing technology ranks second in the world, second only to the United States; The aerospace industry ranks third in the world after the United States and CIS. Iron and steel industry and textile industry rank sixth in the world. However, traditional industrial sectors still dominate the industry, among which steel, automobiles and construction are the three pillars.

Third, the United States

Location: The United States is located in the central part of North America, in the western hemisphere. Its territory also includes Alaska in the northwest of North America and Hawaii in the central Pacific Ocean.

Climate characteristics: The United States has almost all the climate types in the world (the land spans cold, warm and hot areas, and the native land is in temperate zone).

Political system: federalism

Main economic income: the economic system of the United States has the characteristics of capitalism and mixed economy.

In different parts of the country, the focus of economic activities is different. For example, new york is the center of finance, publishing, broadcasting and advertising. Los Angeles is the production center of movies and TV programs; The San Francisco Bay Area and the Pacific Northwest are technology development centers; The midwest is the center of manufacturing and heavy industry, Detroit is a famous automobile city, and Chicago is the financial and commercial center of the region; Southeast China is mainly engaged in medical research, tourism and building materials, and its salary cost is lower than other regions, so it continues to attract manufacturing investment.

The service industry accounts for the largest proportion in the United States, and three-quarters of the country's labor force is engaged in the service industry. The United States is rich in mineral resources, including gold, oil and uranium, but many energy supplies depend on foreign imports. The United States is the world's largest exporter of agricultural products, accounting for more than half of the world's agricultural export market. The main agricultural products include corn, wheat, sugar and tobacco, and the amazing agricultural output of the Central and Western Plains makes it known as the "world granary". American industrial products mainly include automobiles, airplanes and electronic products. The United States also has developed tourism, ranking third in the world. The United States is also a major exporter of aircraft, steel, weapons and electronic equipment.

Fourth, Britain.

Location: Located in Europe, it consists of the British Island (including England, Scotland and Wales), Northern Ireland in the northeast of Ireland Island and 5,500 small islands (overseas territories) around it. Britain is located in the British Isles in the northwest of continental Europe, surrounded by the North Sea, the English Channel, celtic sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.

Climate characteristics: it belongs to temperate maritime climate.

Political system: parliamentary monarchy

Main economic income: British industry occupies an important position in the national economy and is the largest manufacturer of arms, petroleum products, computers, televisions and mobile phones in Europe. The main industries in Britain are: mining, metallurgy, chemicals, machinery, electronics, electronic instruments, automobiles, aviation, food, tobacco, textiles, paper-making, printing and construction. Bio-pharmaceutical, aviation and national defense are the focus of British industrial research and development, and they are also the most innovative and competitive industries in Britain. In 2009, British industrial output accounted for 23.8% of GDP; Among them, the energy industry occupies a prominent position, and the main energy output in Britain accounts for about 10% of the total GDP, and the proportion is increasing. Britain mainly exports machinery, automobiles, aviation equipment, electrical and electronic products, chemical products and petroleum, and mainly imports raw materials and food.

Britain's tourism revenue ranks fifth in the world, second only to the United States, Spain, France and Italy, and tourism is one of the most important economic sectors in Britain.

The service industry includes financial insurance, retail, transportation and commercial services. In 2009, Britain's total service trade was US$ 482 billion, ranking third in the world. Among them, the financial industry accounts for 9.4% of GDP. London is a world-famous financial center, with a modern financial service system, engaged in multinational bank loans, international bond issuance, fund investment and other businesses. It is also the world's largest foreign exchange trading market, the largest insurance market, the largest spot gold trading market, the largest derivatives trading market, an important ship loan market and a non-precious metal trading center, with the largest number of branches or offices of foreign banks.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Germany

Location: Germany is located in central Europe, bordering Poland and Czech Republic in the east, Austria and Switzerland in the south, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France in the west, Denmark in the north and the North Sea and Baltic Sea. It has the largest number of neighboring countries in Europe.

Climatic characteristics: the maritime climate in the northwest is obvious, and the eastern and southern parts gradually transition to continental climate.

Political system: Germany has five basic systems: harmony, democracy, federalism, legal state and social welfare system.

Main economic income: Germany is the fourth largest economy, the second largest commodity exporter and the third largest commodity importer in the world. At the same time, it is in a leading position in many fields such as medical research and technological innovation. Germany is a highly developed industrial country with the largest economic aggregate in Europe and the fourth in the world.

Industrial structure and characteristics: (1) Mainly heavy industry. Automobile and machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, electric power and other departments are pillar industries, accounting for more than 40% of the total industrial output value. Other industries, such as food, textile and clothing, steel processing, mining, precision instruments, optics, aerospace and so on, are also well developed. (2) extroversion. More than half of the products of major industrial sectors are sold abroad. (3) Industry is mainly composed of small and medium-sized enterprises. About two-thirds of industrial enterprises have less than 100 employees. Many small and medium-sized enterprises have strong specialization and high technical level. (4) A high degree of monopoly. /kloc-Large enterprises with more than 0/000 employees account for 2.5% of the total number of industrial enterprises, 40% of industrial employment and more than half of the turnover.

The intransitive verb Japan

Location: Located in the east of Eurasia and the northwest of the Pacific Ocean, it consists of thousands of islands, which are arc-shaped.

Climate characteristics: Japan spans 25 degrees latitude, and the temperature difference between north and south is very significant. The plateaus of Hokkaido and Honshu belong to the sub-frigid zone, the native land belongs to the temperate zone, and the southern islands such as Okinawa belong to the subtropical zone. In addition, Japan's geographical position makes it influenced by the intersection of monsoon and ocean current, so it has four distinct seasons and abundant precipitation.

Japan can be divided into six climatic zones, namely:

1, Hokkaido-Hokkaido climate is not affected by plum rains, and rainfall is less than that in other parts of Japan. Summer is short and cool; Winter is long and cold.

2. Japan's coastal climate-the scope is the western coastal area of Honshu Island. Winter is controlled by Siberian high, and the northwest wind blows. At the same time, because the warm current in winter brings a lot of water vapor to the horse current passing through the Sea of Japan, it often snows heavily. There is less precipitation in summer, and sometimes there is abnormal high temperature due to foehn.

3. The central plateau climate-a typical inland climate. It is cold in winter and cool in summer. There is a great temperature difference between winter and summer and day and night. There is little rainfall.

4. Pacific side climate-including the east coast of Honshu, Shikoku and most parts of Kyushu. Influenced by the southeast monsoon in summer, there are many strong typhoons in Meiyu period. In winter, there is less snowfall.

5. The inland sea climate of Seto-including Yang Shan, Shikoku, Feng Jingen and parts of Kyushu. The weather here is often sunny, with little rainfall and suffering from drought from time to time.

6. The climate of Nanxi Islands-the range is Ryukyu Islands. It belongs to subtropical climate, with hot summer and warm winter. Rainstorm. Typhoons often strike in summer.

Political system: constitutional monarchy

Main economic income: Japan's service industry, especially banking, finance, shipping, insurance and commercial services, accounts for the largest proportion of GDP and is in a leading position in the world. Tokyo, the capital, is not only the largest city and economic center in China, but also one of the best financial, shipping and service centers in the world. Since World War II, Japan's manufacturing industry has developed rapidly, especially the electronics industry and automobile manufacturing industry. Japan's Mitsubishi is the world's super-enterprise chaebol, second only to America's GM. In 2007, there were only 1 1 of Mitsubishi's Fortune 500 companies. Japan's famous electronics industry and high-tech manufacturers include Sony, Panasonic, Canon, Sharp, Toshiba and Hitachi. In the automobile industry, Japanese companies have surpassed the United States and Germany in automobile production and become the largest automobile producer in the world. Among them, Toyota, Mazda, Honda and Nissan all produce cars for the global market. Japan has the largest bank in the world-Postal Savings Bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Mizuho Financial Group and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, which play an important role in the world financial community.

Japan is the largest animation power in the world, and its animation development model has distinct national characteristics. It has become the economic pillar of Japan and occupies an important position in the world. The annual output value is 230 trillion yen. Japan's animation industry model is complete, and animation has become the third largest industry in Japan.

Seven. South Korea

Geographical location: It is located in the south of the Korean Peninsula, with the 38th parallel of north latitude as the armistice line, and borders North Korea in the north. The Korean Peninsula is located in the northeast of the Asian continent, extending from north to south, with a total length of 1 100 km.

Climate characteristics: the northern part belongs to temperate monsoon climate, and the southern part belongs to subtropical climate, with remarkable maritime characteristics.

Political system: presidential system and system.

Main economic income: Korea's manufacturing industry is very developed, and the main industrial sectors are steel, automobile, shipbuilding, electronics, nuclear industry and so on.

Eight. Thailand

Location: Located in the center of Southeast Asia, it is the natural gateway to zhina, Myanmar and southern China.

Climate characteristics: it belongs to tropical monsoon climate.

Political system: a democratic country with the king as the head of state.

Main economic income: export-oriented economy, relying more on external markets such as the United States, Japan and Europe. In the 1980s, the manufacturing industry, especially the electronics industry, developed rapidly and the economy continued to grow at a high speed.

Thailand is one of the main suppliers of fish products in the world market and the third largest marine fishery country in Asia after Japan and China. Tourism maintains a steady development momentum and is one of the important sources of foreign exchange income.

IX. Malaysia

Location: Located between Southeast Asia, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.

Climate characteristics: it belongs to the maritime climate of tropical rain forest.

Political system: parliamentary monarchy

Main economic income: Malaysia is an exporter of natural and agricultural resources, the most valuable export material is oil, and it has a relatively open newly industrialized market economy. Tourism has become the third largest source of foreign exchange income in Malaysia, and the knowledge-based economy service industry is also expanding simultaneously.

X. India

Location: Located in the south of Asia.

Climate characteristics: It belongs to a typical tropical monsoon climate.

Political system: a capitalist federal Republic, with the President as the head of state, but the duties are symbolic and the real power is in the hands of the Prime Minister.

Main economic income: India has become a leading exporter of software industry, and financial, research and technical services will also become an important exporter in the world. It has gorgeous diversity and rich cultural heritage and tourism resources. India is also the birthplace of Buddhism, one of the three major religions in the world.

XI. United Arab Emirates

Location: Located in the east of Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Persian Gulf in the north, with a coastline of 734 kilometers.

Climate characteristics: tropical desert climate.

Political system: The Supreme House of Chiefs is the highest authority, consisting of seven chiefs, local hereditary nobles and wealthy businessmen. Major policy issues at home and abroad are discussed and decided by the House of Chiefs, which elects cabinet meetings to manage the country, formulates national policies, examines the federal budget and approves laws and treaties.

Main economic income: Pearl was the economic pillar before 1960 discovered oil. After 1960, it is converted into oil.

Twelve. Saudi Arabia

Location: Located in Arabian Peninsula. It borders the Persian Gulf in the east and the Red Sea in the west, and borders Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Yemen and other countries. The coastline is 2437 kilometers long.

Climate characteristics: the western plateau has a Mediterranean climate, while other areas have a tropical desert climate.

Political system: monarchy

Main economic income: Saudi Arabia is a veritable "oil kingdom", with oil reserves and output ranking first in the world. The oil industry is the main pillar of Saudi economy and the largest oil exporter in the world. Saudi Arabia is the largest producer of desalinated seawater in the world, and its desalinated seawater accounts for about 2 1% of the world total. Saudi Arabia implements a free economic policy, and the petroleum and petrochemical industry is the economic lifeline of Saudi Arabia. At present, the Saudi government is constantly encouraging the development of the private economy to reduce the dependence of the national economy on oil exports.

Thirteen. Switzerland

Location: a mountainous landlocked country in south-central Europe. It borders Austria and Liechtenstein in the east, Italy in the south, France in the west and Germany in the north.

Climate characteristics: diversity. Southern alps has a Mediterranean climate, with dry summers and warm and humid winters. The climate in the northern Alps is obviously transitional, from west to east, from mild and humid temperate maritime climate to temperate continental climate with Leng Xia fever in winter.

Political system: federalism

Main economic income: industry is the main body of Swiss national economy, and its industrial output value accounts for about 50% of GDP. Switzerland's main industrial sectors include: watches, machinery, chemistry, food and other departments. Switzerland is called "the kingdom of clocks and watches". Switzerland is also a chocolate kingdom. The chemical industry is also an important pillar of Swiss industry. At present, drugs account for about 2/5 of the output value of the chemical industry, and dyes, pesticides, balsams and essences also occupy an important position in the international market. Switzerland is the world's financial center, and banking and insurance are the largest sectors. Tourism has maintained a stable and strong development momentum for a long time, providing a market for the development of tourism-related industries.

Fourteen years old, Italy

Location: Located in southern Europe, including Apennine Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia and other islands.

Climatic characteristics: Most areas belong to subtropical Mediterranean climate.

Political system: parliamentary system and political system.

Main economic income: Italy is a developed industrial country. Private economy is the main body, accounting for more than 80% of GDP. The service industry accounts for about 2/3 of GDP. The economic gap between major regions in China is large, and the gap between north and south is obvious. Small and medium-sized enterprises account for more than 98% of the total number of enterprises, which can be called "the kingdom of small and medium-sized enterprises".

Small and medium-sized enterprises occupy an important position in the nursing economy, and have great advantages in the fields of tanning, shoemaking, clothing, textiles, furniture, kitchen equipment, ceramic tiles, silk, jewelry, wine-making, machinery, marble mining and machinery industry, and are characterized by high degree of specialization, strong adaptability and large proportion of products exported. Italy ranks sixth in the world in crude oil processing capacity, with an annual refining capacity of about 654.38 billion tons. In 200 1 year, the output of crude steel is 26.7 million tons, the output of plastics and tractors is the sixth in the world, and the power generation is the ninth in the world. In recent years, I am interested in the development of emerging technology industries, mainly electronics industry. At present, the information and communication technology industry accounts for 6.2% of the gross national product.

Tourism is developed, and tourism income is an important source to make up for the country's balance of payments deficit.

XV. Denmark

Location: Located in jutland, Northern Europe. It borders Germany in the south, the North Sea in the west and Norway and Sweden across the sea in the north.

Climate characteristics: it belongs to temperate maritime climate.

Political system: constitutional monarchy

Main economic income: Denmark is a developed western industrial country, one of the eight largest economic countries in Europe, and its per capita GDP ranks fourth in the world. Agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and food processing industries are developed, and it is known as the European cheese market. Advanced production technology and experience in many industrial fields. Industry plays a leading role in the national economy. The main industrial sectors are: food processing, machinery manufacturing, petroleum exploration, shipbuilding, cement, electronics, chemicals, metallurgy, medicine, textiles, furniture, paper making and printing equipment. More than 60% of the products are exported, accounting for about 75% of the total export. Marine mainframe, cement equipment, hearing AIDS, enzyme preparations and artificial insulin are world-famous. The largest fishing country in the European Union. Foreign trade is the economic lifeline of Denmark. The main raw materials are imported, and the product sales depend on the international market. The main imported products are transportation equipment, telecommunications products, paper, crude oil, coal, steel, machinery and feed. The main export products are dairy products, meat, fish, furniture, medicine, electronic products, instruments, ships, textiles and clothing.

Sixteen years old, Iceland

Location: the westernmost country in Europe, located in the middle of the North Atlantic, near the Arctic Circle in the north.

Climate characteristics: located at high latitude, the south belongs to temperate maritime climate, and the north belongs to tundra climate.

Political system: * * harmonious system

Main economic income: the economy mainly depends on marine fisheries. Fishing provides 60% of Iceland's export income. Iceland has unique hydropower and geothermal resources, and its energy industry is very developed, with sufficient electricity and low prices. Geothermal utilization and development technology is unique in the world. By 2008, the annual output of aluminum in Iceland will reach 760,000 tons. Iceland will become one of the largest aluminum producers in the world. We have patented technology and equipment, which can convert ordinary jeeps into high-power and large-size unicycles to drive in glaciers, mountains, lava and other areas. Iceland's biopharmaceutical industry has developed rapidly in recent years, and now it ranks fourth in the world and has become one of Iceland's main economic pillars. Games, commerce, anti-virus and disinfection, teaching and laboratory software are developed, and it is one of the major software exporters in the world.

XVII. Israel

Location: Located in the west of Asia, it is the junction of Asia, Africa and Europe.

Climate characteristics: Mediterranean climate.

Political system: parliamentary system and political system.

Main economic income: The development of high-tech industries in Israel has attracted worldwide attention, especially in the fields of electronics, communications, computer software, medical equipment, biotechnology engineering, agriculture and aviation.

Eighteen. Yemen

Geographical location: Located at the southern tip of Arabian Peninsula, north latitude 12-20 degrees, east longitude 4 1-54 degrees.

Climate characteristics: the south is tropical and dry, and there are many kinds of climate in the north. The eastern gentle slope extends to the Rubhari Desert, which is a desert and semi-desert area with dry climate, hot and little rain. The altitude of the central plateau is1500-4000m, and the climate is cool. Hilly area, mild climate, abundant rainfall, annual precipitation 1000 mm, rainy season concentrated in March-May and July-September; On the west bank of the Red Sea is Tiehamai, with a hot and humid climate. In summer, the temperature is generally 35-40 degrees, the humidity is generally 80-90%, and the annual precipitation is below 400 mm.

Political system: democracy and harmony.

Main economic income: mainly dependent on oil export income. At present, the proven recoverable reserves of oil are about 6 billion barrels, and the recoverable reserves of natural gas are about 500 billion cubic meters. Yemen has not joined any oil organizations, so it is not restricted by the quota of international oil organizations and has more autonomy in production. Coffee has always been a traditional export product of Yemen, and it is still one of the most important cash crops and export products in Yemen.

XIX. Austria

Location: a landlocked country in southern Central Europe.

Climatic characteristics: it belongs to temperate broad-leaved forest climate with transition from maritime to continental.

Political system: federalism

Main economic income: foreign trade plays an important role in the economy, and the main export products are machinery, steel, raw materials, food, industrial semi-finished products and finished products. Imports are mainly raw materials, machinery, food, primary processed products and industrial finished products.

Twenty, Norway

Location: Located in the west of Scandinavia Peninsula in northern Europe, it borders Sweden in the east, Finland and Russia in the northeast, Denmark across the sea in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the west.

Climate characteristics: most areas belong to temperate maritime climate, and the internal mountain climate is cold.

Political system: constitutional monarchy

Main economic income: Norway is a country with developed modern industry. Since 1990s, Norway has surpassed Britain in oil and gas production and become a new oil and gas producer. Deep-sea oil production technology is developed. The northern coast is a world-famous fishing ground. It occupies an important position in the national economy. The main traditional industrial sectors are machinery, hydropower, metallurgy, chemical industry, paper making, wood processing, fish product processing and shipbuilding. Europe's largest aluminum producer and exporter, magnesium production ranks second in the world, and most ferrosilicon products are exported. The offshore oil industry, which rose in the 1970s, has become an important pillar of the national economy, the largest oil producer in Europe and the third largest oil exporter in the world. The main tourist spots are Oslo, Bergen, Leros and North Point. Norway is a major producer of aluminum, silicon, iron and magnesium, and Beihai Petroleum provides raw materials for the petrochemical industry. Norway is also one of the largest fertilizer producers in the world. Norwegian shipyards are good at building advanced special-purpose ships. Norway is already the fourth largest maritime country in the world.

Twenty-one years old, Sweden

Location: Located in the east of Scandinavia, Northern Europe.

Climate characteristics: most areas belong to temperate coniferous forest climate, and the southernmost part belongs to temperate broad-leaved forest climate.

Political system: constitutional monarchy

Main economic income: Metal processing and machinery manufacturing are the most important industrial sectors in Sweden. Swedish mechanical products are characterized by precision, durability and high technical level. Traditional products such as ball bearings and refrigeration equipment enjoy a high reputation in the international market. Iron and steel industry is one of the industrial sectors with a long history. Chemical industry is one of the main industrial sectors in Sweden. In the chemical industry, especially petrochemistry, petroleum refining is the most prominent, and plastics, chemical fibers, medicines and fertilizers have also made great progress. The automobile industry developed rapidly after the war, producing all kinds of trucks besides cars. One third of the car production is sold to the United States. The energy industry plays a very important role in the Swedish economy. The Swedish economy mainly relies on foreign trade and advocates open markets and free trade.

22 years old, Spain

Location: Iberian Peninsula in southwest Europe.

Climate characteristics: Meseta Plateau in the middle has a continental climate, coastal areas in the north and northwest have a maritime temperate climate, and the southern and southeastern regions have a Mediterranean subtropical climate.

Political system: parliamentary monarchy

Main economic income: it is a highly developed capitalist industrial country in western Europe, and its main industrial sectors are shipbuilding, steel, automobile, cement, mining, construction, textile, chemical industry, leather and electric power. Among them, automobile production ranks seventh in the world. The financial industry is relatively developed. Tourism is an important pillar of Spain and one of the main sources of foreign exchange.

Twenty-three, Netherlands

Location: Located in the northwest of Europe, bordering Germany in the east and Belgium in the south. Bordering the North Sea in the west and north, it is located in the deltas of Rhine, Mas and Skelter rivers, with a coastline of 1075 km.

Climate characteristics: it belongs to temperate maritime climate.

Political system: constitutional monarchy

Main economic income: The Netherlands is one of the major shipbuilding countries in the world. Dutch agriculture is also very developed and it is the third largest exporter of agricultural products in the world. With the modernization of agricultural production, China has more than enough milk and meat products, and it is one of the major egg and milk exporters in the world. More than half of the world's potato seed trade is exported from here. Flowers are a pillar industry in Holland. China has 65,438+0.65,438+0 billion square meters of greenhouses for growing flowers and vegetables, so it enjoys the reputation of "European Garden". The Netherlands sends beauty to all corners of the world, and flower exports account for 40%~50% of the international flower market. The Netherlands has developed financial services, insurance and tourism. Shipping and fishing play an important role in the economy.

24.hungary

Location: It is a landlocked country in central Europe.

Climate characteristics: temperate continental climate.

Political system: parliamentary system and political system.

Main economic income: Bauxite is the main mineral resource, ranking third in Europe. Agriculture has a good foundation and occupies an important position in the national economy. It not only provides abundant food for the domestic market, but also earns a lot of foreign exchange for the country. The main agricultural products are wheat, corn, sugar beet and potato. Tourism is relatively developed.

25 Russia

Location: Located in Eastern Europe and northern Asia, most of its European territory is the Eastern Europe Plain.

Climatic characteristics: most areas are located in the north temperate zone, with diverse climate, mainly temperate continental climate, but the north of the Arctic Circle belongs to the cold zone climate.

Political system: presidential system and system.

Main economic income: most of the income comes from resource industries, including oil, natural gas, ore, wood, etc., which are greatly affected by the price fluctuations of these commodities. The main export commodities are mineral products such as oil and gas, metals and their products, chemical products, machinery and equipment and transportation, precious stones and their products, wood and pulp. The main imported commodities are machinery, equipment and transportation, food and agricultural raw materials, chemicals, rubber, metals and their products, textiles and clothing. Russian industry is developed, and the nuclear industry and aerospace industry occupy an important position in the world.