Why is it so cold in Ningxia?

General situation and characteristics of climate in Ningxia; Ningxia is located in the northwest inland of China, far from the ocean, and at the western edge of China monsoon. Winter is controlled by Mongolian high pressure. Just as the cold air is heading south, Xia Dong is at the western end of the southeast monsoon, forming a typical continental climate (the continental degree is 52 ~ 68), with four distinct seasons, no intense heat in summer and no severe cold in winter. It has the characteristics of long winter cold, short summer heat, fast spring warm and early autumn cool; Drought and little rain, abundant sunshine, strong evaporation, windy and sandy; It is cool in the south and warm in the north, wet in the south and dry in the north, and there are many meteorological disasters.

Ningxia lives inland, located in the east of northwest China, at the intersection of Loess Plateau, Mongolian Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with typical continental climate characteristics. In China's climate division, the southern part of Guyuan City belongs to the semi-humid area of middle temperate zone, the area from the north of Yuanzhou District to Yanchi and Tongxin belongs to the semi-arid area of middle temperate zone, and the irrigation area of Yellow River Diversion belongs to the arid area of middle temperate zone. The basic climate characteristics of Ningxia are: drought and little rain, windy and sandy, abundant sunshine, strong evaporation, long cold time in winter, fast warm period in spring, short hot time in summer, early cool time in autumn, large annual and daily temperature difference, short and changeable frost-free period, frequent disastrous weather such as drought, hail, gale, sandstorm, frost, local rainstorm and flood. Under the background of global warming, the climate in Ningxia has also changed obviously in the past hundred years. Before 1930s, the annual average temperature in northern Ningxia fluctuated slightly, entered a significant rising stage in the early 1930s, reached the highest value in the mid-40s, and then declined. The temperature rose from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s, and then entered a significant rising stage in the early 1980s. It is basically consistent with the overall temperature change trend in China. 1, the annual average temperature in Ningxia is 5.3 ~ 9.9℃, which is high in the north and low in the south (Figure 1). Xingren, Mahuang Mountain and Guyuan City are below 7℃, while others are above 7℃. Zhongning and Dawukou are 9.5℃ and 9.9℃ respectively, which are the highest in the whole region. The winter Leng Xia fever in Ningxia is the highest in July and the lowest in June, with an average of 16.9 ~ 24.7℃ and -9.3 ~-6.5℃ respectively. The annual temperature is relatively high, reaching 25.2 ~ 3 1.2℃.