How to evaluate the emergency plan for sudden environmental accidents in sewage treatment plants

Emergency plan for urban sewage treatment plant

1, guiding ideology

In order to implement the safety production policy of "safety first, prevention first", ensure the safety of life and property of units, society and people, prevent the occurrence of major environmental accidents, and get rapid and effective control and treatment after the accidents, according to the characteristics of our sewage treatment process, and in line with the principle of "prevention first, self-help first, unified command and division of responsibilities", the emergency plan of our city sewage treatment plant is formulated.

2. Prepare instructions

The plan is announced by the leader of the emergency leading group, but it is naturally started under the following circumstances:

(1) When it is found that the effluent quality exceeds the standard;

(2) When the sewage volume exceeds the design standard;

(3) when there is a large-scale and long-term power outage;

3, accident emergency command institutions, responsibilities and division of labor

4, emergency treatment principle

4. 1. Control the total amount of pollutants entering the sewage treatment plant in time.

4.2. Strengthen operation control to ensure normal operation.

4.3. Strengthen equipment operation and maintenance.

5, accident prevention measures

5. 1 Operators should operate in strict accordance with the operating procedures to prevent accidents caused by poor inspection or mistakes.

5.2 Timely and reasonably adjust the operating conditions, and overload operation is strictly prohibited.

5.3 Strengthen equipment management, carefully check equipment, pipelines and valves, and timely repair or replace equipment, pipelines and valves with potential safety hazards.

6, accident emergency measures and matters needing attention

Emergency treatment process:

6. 1 The personnel on duty shall report to the leader of the leading group immediately after discovering it, and keep in touch with the leading group at any time during the accident handling.

6.2 After receiving the report, the leading group shall immediately report to Zhi Zhi Public Utilities Bureau and local environmental protection department, and keep in touch with Zhi Zhi Public Utilities Bureau and local environmental protection department at any time during the accident handling.

6.3 The personnel on duty should investigate the cause of the accident:

6.3. 1 It is found that the water inflow exceeds the design standard.

A. The water quantity exceeds the design standard: report to the leader immediately to reduce the water inflow.

B. The water quality exceeds the design standard: immediately analyze the influent quality, process operation parameters and effluent quality data, and timely adjust the relevant process flow according to the test data.

6.3.2 Sudden rainstorm

A, according to the weather forecast, check the equipment in advance to ensure that it is in good condition, and organize forces to dredge the rainwater pipes in the factory area to ensure smooth flow.

B, each post to close the doors and windows of the computer room, to prevent rainwater inflow, affect the operation of the equipment.

C. Observe the water level of each treatment tank at any time and report to the leader.

D when going out for patrol, be sure to work in pairs and pay attention to anti-skid.

6.3.3 The water quantity exceeds the designed processing capacity of the biochemical system.

Contact the leader in time, and take water samples to detect COD and NH3-N ... Ask the superior leader for instructions immediately and obey the command.

Sudden power failure

A will exit the field equipment from the running state.

B. In case of power failure for more than 6 hours for a long time, timely notify the superior competent department for power transmission.

C. After the call, turn on the equipment in time according to the operating procedures and resume operation.

7. Recovery and return after the accident

The leader of the accident emergency command leading group announced the end of the emergency state and resumed normal operation. Begin to investigate the cause of the accident, evaluate the accident losses, and organize forces to eliminate and restore the polluted areas.

8. Prevention and early warning

8. 1 environmental pollution accident source

8. 1. 1 environmental pollution accident source

Factory layout, process flow and sewage pipes (indicate the pollution production links and the location of sewage outlets);

Basic information of potential sources of environmental pollution accidents that may occur in the production process of sewage from the factory to the factory, including the name, quantity, location, temporal and spatial characteristics of possible accidents, etc.

8. 1.2 prevention work

Investigate the possible accident sources in the production process of urban sewage plants, and master the generation, types and distribution of priority pollutants and the potential accident source environment of sewage plants. According to the characteristics of pollutants, corresponding emergency measures are put forward.

Establish rapid monitoring methods in priority pollutants, purchase rapid monitoring equipment in priority pollutants and establish disposal technology in priority pollutants.

8. 1.3 Early warning and measures

According to the severity, urgency and possible impact of sudden accidents, the sudden environmental pollution accidents are graded and warned. According to the development of the situation and the effect of the measures taken, the early warning can be upgraded, downgraded or lifted.

When the collected relevant information proves that sudden environmental pollution accidents are about to happen or the possibility of occurrence increases, relevant emergency plans should be implemented.

Measures to be taken after entering the early warning state:

A immediately start the relevant emergency plan.

Issue an early warning announcement.

C. Transfer, evacuate or evacuate persons who may be endangered, and make proper arrangements.

D instruct all environmental emergency rescue teams to enter an emergency state, and the laboratory of the sewage plant will immediately carry out emergency monitoring to grasp and report the progress of the situation at any time.

E. In view of the possible hazards caused by unexpected accidents, close, isolate or restrict the use of relevant places, and suspend the behaviors and activities that may lead to the expansion of hazards.

F. Mobilize materials and equipment needed for environmental emergency to ensure emergency support.

8.2 Emergency response

8.2. 1 emergency procedures

8.2.2 Information submission and processing

Time limit and procedure for reporting sudden environmental pollution accidents

Departments responsible for sudden environmental pollution accidents, responsible persons and departments responsible for supervision should immediately report to the Public Utilities Administration of local departments directly under the county level or above within 1 hour after discovering sudden environmental pollution accidents, and report to the relevant professional authorities at the next higher level at the same time, and immediately organize on-site investigation. If the situation is urgent, you can report it over the top.

B. Methods and contents of reporting sudden environmental pollution accidents

Reports of sudden environmental pollution accidents are divided into three categories: initial reports, continuous reports and treatment result reports. Report the initial report immediately after discovering the incident; Continue to report at any time after finding out the basic situation; After the incident is handled, it shall be reported to the handling result report immediately.

The preliminary report can be reported directly by telephone, and the main contents include: the type of environmental accident, time and place, pollution source, main pollutants, personal injury, potential harm degree of the incident, transformation trend and other preliminary information.

On the basis of the initial report, the continuation report can report the exact data, reasons, process, progress and emergency measures through the network or in writing.

The report on disposal results shall be written. On the basis of the initial report and the continuation report, it shall report the measures, process and results of incident disposal, the potential or indirect harm, social impact and remaining problems after the incident disposal, and the relevant departments and work contents involved in the disposal work.

8.3 Command and coordination

8.3. 1 command and coordination mechanism

According to the needs, the sewage treatment plant set up an environmental emergency headquarters, which is responsible for guiding and coordinating the response to sudden environmental pollution accidents.

Environmental emergency headquarters shall, according to the sudden environmental pollution accident, notify the relevant departments of the people's government where the accident is located and its emergency agencies, rescue teams and emergency rescue headquarters. After receiving the accident information report, all emergency agencies should immediately send relevant personnel and teams to the scene of the accident, and cooperate with each other and closely under the unified command of the on-site rescue headquarters to implement environmental emergency and emergency disposal actions. Before the establishment of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters, all emergency rescue professional teams must, under the coordination and command of the local government and the incident unit, resolutely and quickly implement pretreatment, decisively control or cut off pollution sources, and fully control the incident to prevent secondary pollution and secondary and derivative incidents.

In case of emergency, the expert group organized relevant experts to quickly analyze and evaluate the incident information, and put forward emergency treatment plans and suggestions for the headquarters leaders to make decisions. According to the progress and dynamic situation of the incident, put forward corresponding countermeasures and opinions; Make scientific predictions on the harm scope and development trend of sudden environmental pollution accidents, and provide scientific basis for the decision-making and command of environmental emergency leading institutions; Participate in the determination of pollution degree, hazard scope and incident level, and provide technical basis for the decision-making of major protective measures such as isolation and lifting of the ban in polluted areas and evacuation and return of personnel; Guide all emergency teams to carry out emergency treatment and disposal; Guide the assessment of environmental emergency work and conduct medium-and long-term environmental impact assessment of the incident.

Relevant departments of environmental accidents should provide basic information of emergency rescue to environmental emergency headquarters in a timely and active manner.

8.3.2 Main contents of command and coordination

The main contents of environmental emergency headquarters command and coordination include:

A. Put forward the principle requirements for on-site emergency action;

B send relevant experts and personnel to participate in the emergency command work of the on-site emergency rescue headquarters;

C. Coordinate emergency forces at all levels and professions to implement emergency support actions;

D coordinate the monitoring of dangerous sources in the threatened surrounding areas;

E coordinate the establishment of on-site warning zones and traffic control zones, and determine key protected areas;

F. Determine the return time of the transferred and evacuated personnel according to the field monitoring results;

G report the progress of emergency actions to the local government and higher authorities in a timely manner.

8.4 Emergency monitoring

The laboratory of the sewage plant immediately conducts environmental emergency monitoring for sudden environmental pollution accidents, grasps the first-hand monitoring data, and cooperates with local environmental monitoring institutions to conduct emergency monitoring.

According to the monitoring results, the pollution change trend of sudden environmental pollution accidents is comprehensively analyzed, and the development of sudden environmental pollution accidents and the change of pollutants are predicted and reported through expert consultation and discussion as the basis for emergency decision-making of sudden environmental pollution accidents.

8.5 information release

After sudden environmental pollution accidents, accurate and authoritative information should be released in time to correctly guide public opinion.

8.6 Safety protection

8.6. 1 Safety protection of emergency personnel

On-site disposal personnel should be equipped with corresponding professional protective equipment according to the characteristics of environmental accidents, take safety protection measures, and strictly implement the procedures for emergency personnel to enter and leave the site.

8.6.2 Safety protection of affected personnel

The on-site emergency rescue headquarters is responsible for organizing the safety protection of the masses. The main work contents are as follows:

A. According to the nature and characteristics of sudden environmental pollution accidents, inform the masses of the safety protection measures that should be taken;

B according to the local weather, geographical environment, personnel density, etc. At the time of the incident, determine the evacuation mode of the masses and designate relevant departments to organize the safe evacuation of the masses;

Establish an emergency shelter outside the safe boundary of the accident.

8.7 Emergency termination

8.7. 1 Emergency termination conditions

Meet one of the following conditions, that is, meet the emergency termination conditions:

A the scene of the accident has been controlled and the accident conditions have been eliminated;

B the leakage or release of pollution sources has fallen within the prescribed limits;

The harm caused by incident C has been completely eliminated, and there is no possibility of secondary;

D it is unnecessary to continue all kinds of professional emergency response actions at the scene of the accident;

E necessary protective measures have been taken to protect the public from re-injury, and the possible medium and long-term impact of the incident tends to be reasonable and as low as possible.

Emergency termination procedure

A. The on-site rescue headquarters confirms the termination opportunity, or the unit responsible for the incident puts forward it and the on-site rescue headquarters approves it;

B. The on-site rescue headquarters issues emergency termination orders to various professional emergency rescue teams;

C. After the emergency state is over, environmental monitoring and evaluation should be continued according to relevant instructions and actual conditions.

8.7.3 Action after emergency termination

A. After the emergency treatment of sudden environmental pollution accidents, relevant departments should be organized to seriously summarize, analyze and draw lessons from the accidents and make timely rectification;

B organize various professional groups to evaluate the effectiveness of emergency plans and implementation procedures, the feasibility of emergency equipment, the quality of emergency personnel and the response speed, and put forward suggestions for the revision of emergency plans.

C. The departments involved in emergency actions are responsible for organizing and guiding the environmental emergency team to maintain and maintain emergency instruments and equipment, so as to keep them in good technical condition.

9. Emergency support

9. 1 financial guarantee

9.2 Equipment Support

9.3 Communication Guarantee

Sewage treatment plants shall establish and improve environmental safety emergency command system, environmental emergency disposal system and environmental safety scientific early warning system. Equipped with necessary wired and wireless communication equipment to ensure smooth communication between emergency departments when this plan is started.

9.4 Protection of human resources

The sewage treatment plant should establish an emergency rescue team for sudden environmental pollution accidents, and cultivate emergency forces who are ready to stand by, familiar with environmental emergency knowledge and fully grasp the disposal measures for all kinds of sudden environmental pollution accidents; Ensure that after an accident, you can quickly participate in and complete the on-site disposal work such as rescue, danger removal, disinfection and monitoring.

9.5 technical support

Establish an environmental safety early warning system and set up an expert group to ensure that relevant environmental experts can be in place quickly before early warning and after the incident to provide services for command and decision.

9.6 Publicity, training and exercises

9.6. 1 We should strengthen the publicity and education of environmental protection science popularization, popularize the common sense of preventing environmental pollution incidents, enhance the awareness and psychological preparation of employees, and improve the public's preventive ability.

9.6.2 Strengthen the daily training of professional and technical personnel of environmental accidents and the training management of accident source personnel, and cultivate a group of well-trained professionals in environmental emergency handling, inspection and monitoring.

9.6.3 Organize environmental emergency drills on a regular basis to improve the skills of preventing and handling sudden environmental pollution accidents and enhance the actual combat capability.

9.7 emergency response capability assessment

In order to ensure that the environmental emergency system is always in a good combat readiness state and achieve continuous improvement, a top-down supervision, inspection and assessment mechanism is implemented in the environmental emergency capability evaluation system, including the establishment of environmental emergency institutions at all levels, the establishment and implementation of systems and working procedures, team building and personnel training and assessment, and the management and use of emergency equipment and funds.

10, post-processing

Organize the implementation of environmental recovery plan.

1 1, supplementary provisions

1 1. 1 Definitions of nouns and terms

1 1. 1 Environmental accident: refers to an unexpected event that causes environmental pollution, human health, social economy and people's property losses and adverse social impact due to economic and social activities and behaviors that violate environmental protection laws and regulations, as well as the impact of unexpected factors or irresistible natural disasters.

Sudden environmental pollution accident: refers to an environmental accident that occurs suddenly, causes or may cause heavy casualties and heavy property losses, poses a major threat and damage to the economic and social stability and political stability of the whole country or a certain region, and has a major social impact on public safety.

1 1. 1.2 environmental emergency: a state in which sudden environmental pollution accidents may or have occurred and some actions outside the normal working procedures need to be taken immediately to avoid the occurrence of the incident or mitigate the consequences of the incident, also known as emergency; At the same time, it also refers to taking immediate action outside the normal working procedure.

1 1. 1.3 leakage treatment: leakage treatment refers to emergency treatment measures taken when hazardous chemicals, hazardous wastes, radioactive substances, toxic gases and other pollution sources leak due to accidents. Leakage treatment should be timely and appropriate to avoid major events. Leakage treatment is generally divided into two parts: leakage source control and leakage disposal.

1 1. 1.4 emergency monitoring: environmental monitoring conducted in an environmental emergency to find out the environmental pollution situation and pollution scope. Including fixed-point monitoring and dynamic monitoring.

1 1. 1.5 emergency drill: a practical activity to simulate emergency response to test the effectiveness of emergency plan, the perfection of emergency preparation, the adaptability of emergency response capability and the coordination of emergency personnel. According to the different contents and scope involved, it can be divided into individual drills (drills), comprehensive drills and joint drills jointly conducted by the command center and on-site emergency organizations.

1 1.2 plan management and update

With the formulation, revision and improvement of emergency rescue related laws and regulations, the responsibilities of departments or emergency resources change, or problems and new situations are found in the emergency process, the plan should be revised and improved in time.

1 1.3 Local communication and cooperation

Establish contact with local environmental emergency agencies, organize and participate in local rescue activities, and carry out relevant exchanges and cooperation.

1 1.4 Reward and accountability

1 1.4. 1 reward

In the emergency rescue work of sudden environmental pollution accidents, rewards should be given according to relevant regulations.

1 1.4.2 accountability system

In the emergency work of sudden environmental pollution accidents, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, according to the circumstances and harmful consequences, the relevant responsible personnel shall be investigated for their corresponding responsibilities.

I hope I can help you, and the sewage purification team will serve you wholeheartedly!