The weather in Hepu, Guangxi

Naked star worm, also known as naked worm, is commonly known as "sand worm" Its shape is very similar to that of intestine, and it is a long cylinder with a body length of about 10 ~ 20 cm. It is naked and hairless, and its longitudinal muscles are in bundles, and the annular muscles are staggered to form a square lattice pattern. Although starworm is not as valuable as sea cucumber, shark's fin and abalone, it tastes delicious and crisp, not as delicious as sea cucumber and shark's fin. Growing in the coastal beach, because it is very sensitive to the quality of the growing environment, once it is polluted, it can not survive, so it is called "environmental marker organism"

Living habits

sandworm

Most of the sand worms lie in the sand, and the hole is slightly concave. Animals are frightened and quickly shrink into the depths, making it difficult to be collected. In China, it is mainly distributed in Yantai, Huiquan Bay, Pingtan, Xiamen, Xiaoleng Island, Shatoujiao, Zhanjiang, Haikou, Baimajing, Qinglan Port, Beihai, Weizhou Island and Taiwan Province Province. Abroad: global warm water, distributed in the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean.

living environment

Sandworms are very sensitive to the growth environment, and once they are polluted, they can't survive, so they are called "environmental markers".

The living environment of sand worms is deteriorating. 1985 the results of the coastal investigation in China show that Guangxi is the main producing area of the light star worm (commonly known as sand worm), and Beihai is also the main producing area of Guangxi, which is widely distributed in the middle and low tide areas and subtidal zones of coastal beaches. The catchable resource area exceeds153,000 mu, and the original resource amount is about 4027 tons. Experts pointed out that due to unreasonable overfishing, electric fish frying, worrying environmental pollution and other reasons, biomass has dropped sharply, population structure has been distorted, catchable resources have dropped sharply, and ecological balance has been destroyed to some extent. At the same time, because there are a lot of

How to eat sand worms

This bug is more than ten centimeters long, like a finger, more like a small sausage. Because its body structure is simple, it is delicious to wash away the sand in the worm's intestines. To clean the worm, it is necessary to completely turn out the inside of the worm, remove the intestines full of sand, and then wash them carefully with clear water. In case the sausage is accidentally broken, the sand will seep into the meat, and it will be difficult to get in again.

Beihai people think that the worm is a "tonic", no matter how much it is eaten, it is suitable for all ages. The scientific point of view is that insects are cold and sweet, which can nourish yin and reduce fire, clear lung and tonify deficiency, and the bigger the strips, the thicker the meat and the better the taste.

Although the worm itself has a delicate taste, it is delicious to cook with white water without adding ingredients. Zhanjiang people who value insects also invented more than ten kinds of insect methods, such as steaming raw strips, steaming garlic, pepper and salt.

Cooking time of worms is the most important thing. When the fire is big, the insect shrinks into a small strip and loses its crisp taste. When the fire is small, it can't get rid of the smell. Cooked worms are white and bulging, which is very pleasing to the eye when stacked on a plate. They are crisp and sweet to bite, not inferior to expensive shark fins and sea cucumbers.

Steamed worm with garlic

Because the original steamed sand worms are not modified, the freshness of the sand worms is retained to the greatest extent; Steamed with garlic vermicelli, the garlic fragrance makes the sweetness of insect meat more thorough and unique.

Ingredients: 250g fresh earthworm, garlic, ginger, onion and vermicelli.

Steps:

1. Soak the vermicelli in cold water and serve.

2. Wash the inside of the worm, marinate it with salt for 5 minutes, then rinse it with water and put it on the vermicelli.

3. Cut ginger and garlic into pieces, add oil, a little salt, chicken essence and monosodium glutamate and mix well.

4. Sprinkle Jiang Mo and minced garlic on the worms.

5. After the water is boiled, put it into the pot, steam for 8- 10 minutes, and sprinkle with chopped green onion.

Advantages: the steamed worms are not only delicious, but also the ginger and garlic can remove the silt smell of the worms themselves, and the taste is original.

Worm porridge

Ascaris porridge is very popular with Beihai people. The practice of ascaris porridge is very particular. The first procedure is to cut the worm and take out the internal organs. Without a knife, cut the worm with a wooden stick with a diameter of two or three millimeters, sharpen one end and turn the whole worm over, which is called the worm. This is the unique skill of coastal people. If outsiders don't understand, ants will die. Therefore, the sand-turning worm should be fast and accurate. After the sand is removed, the wormwood should be soaked in clear water, then put into a wok with seasoning once, then put into the cooked porridge and simmer for ten minutes.

Steps:

1, clean up bugs, because bugs live in the sand in coastal areas, so when washing bugs, pinch off the small tail at one end of the bugs, rub it inside and clean up the sand inside.

2, put oil in the pot and smell the fragrance, just fine.

3. Soak the exploded dry worms in water (about 5 minutes) and take them out.

4. Put earthworms, lean meat and rice into the pot, and put some seasonings such as onions when they are almost cooked.

Eat worms raw.

Eat worms raw and dip them in mustard.

nutritive value

Sandworm, its name is not beautiful, but its nutrition, taste, medicinal and dietetic value are no less than other precious seafood treasures, so it is known as "beach sausage". The meat of the worm is crisp and tender, delicious and nutritious, and it is rich in protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients, especially the taste, which is better than sea cucumber and shark's fin. Because sea cucumber and shark fin have no taste, you must add ingredients such as chicken or lean meat when cooking, otherwise it will be boring. Worms are delicious and do not need to add other ingredients. Eating alone or fresh is very distinctive. In addition to the favorite food of urban and rural residents, it is also a rare delicacy in hotels and restaurants. The worm also has high medicinal efficacy and dietotherapy value. The insect is rich in nutrients, including protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine and other nutrients, and has high medicinal and dietetic value. It is salty and cold, and has the functions of nourishing yin, reducing fire, tonifying deficiency, clearing lung, lowering blood pressure, treating dampness and preventing cancer. Cold, sweet and salty in nature, it has the effects of nourishing yin, reducing fire, clearing away lung heat and tonifying deficiency. According to medical records, if women have symptoms such as bone steaming hot flashes, night sweats due to yin deficiency, cough and asthma due to lung deficiency, chest tightness and excessive phlegm, and insufficient postpartum milk, it is best to eat worms. For children with pulmonary tuberculosis, cough, neurasthenia, spleen deficiency or dryness, it is effective to drink wormwood ginger thin broth. Because ascaris lumbricoides nourishes yin and kidney, children suffer from kidney deficiency and frequent urination, cooking ascaris lumbricoides porridge can receive good curative effect. Therefore, this insect is a nutritional and dietetic product suitable for all ages.

Special effects: protecting kidney and stomach, strengthening body, strengthening yang, caring skin and moistening skin. It is especially suitable for the elderly, children with nocturia and people with weak renal function to cook porridge for a period of time in the morning and evening to ensure strong renal function and rosy complexion. After long-term consumption, it can strengthen the body, tonify vital qi, enhance immunity, prolong life and make the skin more transparent and shiny. It is the best in the world and has won the unanimous praise of many consumers in society for many years.

Sand digger

In the North Sea of Beibu Gulf, which is rich in sand worms. Every day, groups of women can be seen digging sand worms on the beach after the low tide. It is puzzling that despite years of excavation, the local sand worms have maintained a relatively stable output. In shatian town, Hepu County, Beihai City, thousands of women dig sand worms on the beach every day. A woman told reporters that they were digging sand worms on their own beach. They buy seedlings from the coastal areas of Vietnam in April and May every year and raise them on closed beaches. It usually takes six or seven months to harvest. Now is the mining season, and they can dig 10 kilograms every day. The North Sea has a vast area for sand worms to breed and inhabit, and sand worms can be found in the coastal beaches from Dadun Sea to shatian town Sea in Hepu County. Every day at low tide, fishermen along the coast of these sea areas will take tools such as hoes, shovels and shovels to dig sand worms at the seaside, which has become an important source of income for local coastal people.

It's not easy to dig out the worms in the sea sand, but it depends on the deft and skillful kung fu. The villagers kept banging on the low tide beach with hoes in their hands. After a few knocks, she immediately dug with a hoe and quickly pulled out the worm. Asked about the tips, she said that when a worm gets into the sand, there will always be a sand ditch, which is hard to see with the naked eye. So if you hit the beach with a hoe, the sand worms in the sand will go down when disturbed, and the water will overflow from the sand trough. Judging whether the sand is a worm or a car snail according to the water column, we can dig it out before the worm escapes and catch it.

You can see many coastal villagers digging sand worms on the beach, some with hoes and some with shovels. To dig worms, we must first look at the wormhole, then dig quickly and quickly, otherwise the worms will drill deep underground and it will be difficult to catch them again.

When the sea began to rise, villagers who dug sand worms came ashore one after another, and buyers who had been waiting on the shore for a long time were very busy. When buyers buy worms, they first dump them and put them on a sand net. Then they start to pick out the small, dead and broken ones and return them to the digger. Finally, they buy them at the price of one kilogram of 24 yuan. The price of purchasing fresh worms is different every day, mainly depending on the market situation. It is understood that in the southern coast of Beihai, hundreds of buyers go to the seaside to buy fresh sand worms every day, with an average of 35 kilograms per person per day and sometimes as high as more than 60 kilograms per day. A large number of fresh sand worms are eaten or made into dried products every day.

Chen Meichang, a 60-year-old villager, laments that there are fewer and fewer sand worms, but he misses the environment in the 1970s very much. "At that time, there were many worms on this beach. If a family has three laborers, it can sell 5 kilograms of dry sand worms in a polder for 3 days (only about 50 ~ 1000 grams of live sand worms are dried and weighed). At that time, the men in the village also joined the ranks of sand diggers. They have the strength to dig out a few worms with a shovel. Once in the sea, you can dig about 10 kg of sand worms. " She said that at that time, the price of one kilogram of dried sand worms was around 20 yuan, which made many villagers earn "big money". Due to the exhaustion of insect resources, most male laborers in the village go out to do other profitable jobs at present, leaving only women to dig insects, and they can only dig half a catty of live insects at most a day.

Dry sand worm

Dried worms are very popular local specialties in Beihai. Usually the price of dried worms is 300-400 yuan per catty. 600-700 yuan per catty during the Spring Festival.

Dry the worms in the sun to remove the sand: the worms first cut the worms with scissors, and then brush the sand inside with a toothbrush. Never get the water wet. Then burn the wok red, put a little oil, not too much, put the insects in the wok and fry, turn on a small fire, and be careful not to paste. When the bug is a little curly, you can take it out with chopsticks. Finally, wash it quickly with clear water and soak it in clear water, and there will still be sand sinking to the bottom. When cooking soup or porridge, take out the worms and pour the water soaked by the worms into the soup to cook together. Be careful of the sand at the bottom of the bowl. This is the basic way for insects to remove sand.

Note: Never directly soak the worms that are not fried, or the cooked worm soup will have no delicious taste.

Identification and selection: Sandworms are classified as abalone. Top-quality sandworms are usually 8 to 1 1 cm long and very dry, but they are not ordinary quality worms. When they were caught, they were sticky, their bodies were light beige (not dark yellow or dark), their lines were clear and shiny, and there was no residual internal organs. When you hold it in your hand, you feel that the meat of the worm is very thick, and there will be little sand after soaking. Because it is difficult to handle, there will be a lot of sand. But the above two kinds of seafood are the best seafood that Guangxi Beihai people like to eat and can afford.

Practice: Worms and everything can be cooked to bring out its sweetness. After drying, you can fry, fry, stew, stew and cook. The boiled soup is as white as milk, with extremely delicious taste and extremely high concentration, and is known as "natural monosodium glutamate". Deep-fried crisp is crispy and is a good drink. Boil soup, cook porridge, fry and steam.

Storage: Please keep it in the refrigerator.

Reproduction of sand worms

Pond culture method

I. Pond conditions

Generally, the aquaculture pond has an area of 3 ~ 5 mu, rectangular or square, and the water depth is 80 cm ~ 120 cm. The quality of sediment is good, the silt content is above 70%, and it is required to be loose and rough. The dam is firm and durable, and the pond has good water retention, which can naturally drain the pond water. The water source is sufficient, the water quality is good, and there is no inflow of industrial and domestic sewage nearby.

Second, the preparation work before breeding

1, pond cleaning and disinfection. After collecting insects, close the dry pond, trim the dam and clear the bottom of the pond. There are 50 cm wide annular ditches around the pond, and the pond is divided into 200 cm ~ 250 cm wide blocks, with 50 cm wide ditches between the blocks for drainage and operation. After digging and raking the soil, flatten and polish the surface of the culture block with wooden boards, and press it into a "road shape" from both sides to the middle, so as not to accumulate water in the area of the block. The leveled pond was coated with drugs/0/0 day before stocking, and the emulsion made of bleaching powder could be spread all over the pond, and the dosage per mu was 8 kg ~ 10 kg.

2. After the expiry date of fertilizer and water, store water to cultivate basic bait. The water inlet is filtered with 80 mesh sieve bag, and the water is 40 cm ~ 50 cm. Fermented farmyard manure can be used to fertilize water, and the dosage is 200 kg per mu and sprinkled on the surface of the culture block, or 3 kg of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer 1 kg can be applied per mu. Conditional farmers use organic fertilizer mixed with microbial agents, and the effect is better.

Three, fry stocking and cultivation management

The stocking time of insect seedlings is mainly around Tomb-Sweeping Day every year, with 50 kilograms of seedlings per mu and specifications of more than 400 per kilogram. Stocking seedlings require individual integrity, no damage and dark brown color. Stocking should be carried out in sunny days, the salinity of seawater in the pond is about 25‰, and the difference between the salinity of aquaculture water and fry is not more than 5‰. The suitable stocking density of fry is 30 per square meter. Before stocking, calculate the number of fry needed in the pond, then spread the fry evenly on the surface of the culture block and let them naturally drill into the sediment.

After stocking, the larvae will enter the culture management. Check the surface of the culture block regularly and dredge the ditch regularly. After stocking for 2 ~ 3 days, go to the pond to check the survival rate of the stocked seedlings. If the survival rate is found to be low, replant the seedlings immediately. I will visit the pond every week, and the ditches and dams should be taken care of regularly. In summer, the ditches should be dredged in time, and the block surface should be leveled into a "road shape" to make the block surface firm and form a stable living environment, which is convenient for the growth of Sipunculus nudus. During typhoons and rainstorms, the proportion of seawater in aquaculture ponds often drops sharply. Therefore, the pool water should be drained in time after the rain, and fresh seawater should be replenished at high tide to prevent the naked star from dying due to the low proportion of seawater.

Pay attention to adjust the water level according to the climate change in different seasons during breeding. It is warm and shallow in spring and autumn, hot in summer and cold in winter to deepen the water level. Generally, change the water once a week and dry the pond for 2 to 3 days every month. Fish, shrimp, crab and Enteromorpha can be removed from the pond by using the pond drying machine.

Sandworms feed on diatoms and organic debris on the sea floor. During the culture period, according to the situation of the pond, the algae can be properly fertilized or some artificial bait can be fed as supplementary bait.