Please give an example of Switzerland's material production, lifestyle and customs influenced by the Alps.

1. Language: French is spoken in the western Alps (including [Vaud] and [Valais] in Switzerland and the Dhaos Tower Valley in northwest Italy). Apparently, people in Valle Dhaos Tower can speak two languages. However, this area has been unable to resist the impact of Italian culture, and only some Yokogawa still use French in their daily affairs. Italian is spoken in the Alps in central and eastern Italy and in Ticino, Switzerland. German is spoken in all parts of the central and eastern Alps in Switzerland, Germany and Austria, as well as in Upper Adige, Italy (12300: Sudtirol [Austria before World War I]). Romansh, the language spoken by Rhaetian people, is mainly used in the Rhine region of Graubenden, Switzerland. Other Retia dialects (Latin and Friuli) are spoken in the eastern Alps in northeastern Italy. Slovenian is spoken in Slovenia and its alpine border areas adjacent to Italy and Austria. Although Protestants are dominant in some areas, the main religion in the whole Alps is Catholicism. In addition to the local language, there are seasonal languages of migrant workers; Without seasonal workers, tourism, especially in Switzerland, would surely collapse.

2. Agriculture:

/kloc-Before the middle of the 0/9th century, the economic base of the Alps was mainly agriculture and animal husbandry. Although farms (especially those in alpine canyons) have been generally abandoned, agriculture still exists in areas with better positions in main canyons and horizontal canyons. The dry-hot valley between Sierre and Martigny in Switzerland is an irrigation area where fruits and vegetables are planted in a large area. There are endless vineyards at the valley bottom and hillside, which can provide raw materials for brewing high-quality wine. Some of the highest vineyards in the world are located just above Vesper, at an altitude of 65,438+0,295 meters (4,250 feet). Other grape growing areas are Upper Adige River in northern Italy, Ticino and southern Alps.

3. Mining industry:

The pillar of modern economy in Alps is the combination of mining, stone cutting, manufacturing and tourism. The mining industry has existed since Neolithic Age, and the mining industry in Ayers Mountain is still very important. Since the Middle Ages, Ayers Mountain has been mining iron ore. In the pre-Alpine region of Haut-Savoie province near Cruiser, not far from Geneva, in the first 25 years of the19th century, watch manufacturing, spiral cutting, parts processing and related industries rose and evolved into one of the most concentrated areas in the world. In Aosta, Moore Valley and Miertz Valley, there are large steel mills due to the local production of iron and coal. In addition, in the eastern Alps of Austria, there are pulp mills and paper mills with local trees as raw materials. With the development of hydropower in the late19th century and the 20th century, heavy metallurgy and chemical industry were attracted to the main horizontal river valleys in France, southern Switzerland and western Austria. Later, some factories producing consumer goods (such as textile mills in the Rhine Valley of Austria and sporting goods factories in France, etc.). ) all set up.

4. Tourism

Since World War II, the most remarkable economic change in Alps is the rise of mass tourism. Tourism in the Alps is a risky undertaking: the investment is quite huge, and the season of recovering the expenses is short, and it may be destroyed by the economic difficulties of neighboring countries or the cool and rainy weather in winter. Tourism has injected huge dividends into alpine countries, which is especially beneficial to remote villages in horizontal valleys with high sea level. Employment opportunities in the service industry have greatly increased, making up for the depression caused by industry and agriculture.

5. Social customs

The general characteristics of Swiss social customs can be summarized in the following words:

Swiss nationals have delicate hearts. Elegant and funny;

Give people a very cultured impression and have polite words;

"Newborn women" have traditions and pay attention to manners and etiquette;

Worship the number of "eleven" and think it is auspicious;

Colors generally like red and yellow, but also love blue, orange, purple and green.

Details of life have the following characteristics:

Swiss people are dignified, elegant and generous, with delicate feelings, humorous words, and pay attention to civilized manners, which gives people the first impression that they are very educated.

Switzerland has seven eye-opening features:

(1) Switzerland uses four languages, but there is no native Swiss language; (2) Switzerland consists of four ethnic groups, but there are no Swiss; (3) The term of office of Swiss head of state is only 1 year, but the country is in good order; Although Switzerland is a "permanently neutral country", it has an army; ⑤ Although Switzerland is small in size and poor in underground resources, its people's living standards are extremely high; ⑥ Swiss states have different education systems, but the number of trained talents is over one million; Although Switzerland has not joined the United Nations, the International Intelligence Headquarters, the predecessor of the United Nations, is located in Geneva, Switzerland, and the headquarters of the International Red Cross and the International Labour Organization are also located in Geneva.

Swiss people, regardless of nationality or nationality, always nod and greet guests. Walking is also used to giving way to each other; If you accidentally meet someone, he may even smile at you and say "I'm sorry to interrupt you". It is a very good traditional custom of Swiss to take the initiative to apologize for common prosperity. They have great respect for women. There is a habit of "ladies first" in public places. They are used to talking with guests and pay attention to keep quiet. I am interested in elegant environment. They are cheerful and emotional. Whenever guests come, they will treat them warmly with pots and pans of dry cheese, egg paste and white wine. They like red, yellow, blue, orange, green, purple, red and white, and binary shadows. They prefer and worship the number "1 1". People think it is an auspicious number. It is said to have something to do with ancient Solotuin becoming the 1 1 state of the Swiss Confederation. They have a strong sense of time and are used to keeping appointments on time. In chatting, they like to talk about sports, tourism, politics and topics about Switzerland. They prefer onions. They are not only happy to taste dishes with various flavors made of onions, but also used to making various works of art from onions for appreciation or wearing.

Swiss people cherish edelweiss very much, and use it to symbolize the supreme honor and regard it as the national flower. People often regard it as the most precious gift for foreign guests to express friendship, sincerity and reverence.

6. Etiquette

When Swiss meet guests, they usually shake hands and look at each other calmly when shaking hands. Swiss men also hug each other when they meet; Kissing on the cheek is often a gift between women.

General etiquette:

Generally speaking, the Swiss are conservative, and they think it is impolite to show off their wealth.

Appointment and punctuality:

The Swiss think it is necessary to make an appointment in advance and attach great importance to punctuality.

Don't schedule your appointment for the holidays in July and August.

Entertainment and gifts:

The biggest compliment at the party is to take more food that you have already tasted.

Unhuman gifts such as flowers or candy are tasteful, but red roses have the meaning of love.

Speak:

Suitable topics are: sports, your views on Switzerland, tourism and politics.

Topics that should be avoided are related to weight loss and dieting (especially when eating), personal age, occupation, family or private life.

7. Belief taboos

Almost half of the Swiss believe in Catholicism and half in Protestantism. They taboo "13" and "Friday". I think these numbers and dates are disgusting and frightening, because they will bring misfortune or disaster to people. They are afraid of owls and think they are bad birds. Give people the impression of spying, cheating, conspiracy and insidious. They are afraid of being asked about their age, salary and family status. Think that these private affairs need not be asked by others. They are very particular about sending flowers. I am not used to accepting three red roses from others, because it is very romantic. 1 or 20 can be accepted as a gift. They don't like to talk about losing weight and dieting, especially when eating, which makes people feel sick and disappointed. They want to see clothes dry in public places (apartments, balconies, restaurants, etc.). ). I think this is unsightly and will affect the beauty of the environment. When they eat in restaurants, they don't want to hear the sound of tableware colliding with each other and chewing food. They don't like spicy food.

8. Eating habits

Swiss people like to eat China instant-boiled mutton and other dishes. However, they used an iron pot with a big mouth and a small belly on the stove in China. After the olive oil in the pot is boiled, they "rinse" a small piece of raw beef in the pot, and then take it out and put it in the seasoning plate. Swiss rice is different from China. They add milk, water, raw egg yolk, sugar and salt to the rice in a proper proportion, stir them evenly, then cook them with slow fire until there is no water, then pour in egg whites and stew them until the rice turns yellow. They like potatoes very much. They eat many kinds of food, such as potato chips, potato balls and so on. They mainly eat western food and love French food. I'm also interested in Chinese food.