My little pig has vomiting, diarrhea, purple ears and mouth and anorexia. ...

"High fever" in pigs mainly refers to the pig high fever syndrome with high fever, red skin and dyspnea as the main symptoms in some pigs, almost all of which are mixed infections of multiple pathogens. Since 200 1, some areas and pig farms in China have been harmed by porcine high fever to varying degrees every year. Since May this year, pig farms in some provinces in East China and Central South China have been attacked by this disease. The incidence rate of most affected pig farms is 10-90% and the mortality rate is 50-80%, which has caused serious economic losses to farmers. The situation of "high fever" this year is summarized as follows for your reference!

First of all, symptoms

Most sick pigs have high fever (40-42.5℃), red skin, dyspnea, listlessness, loss of appetite, and dead pigs have obvious septicemia changes. In addition, different pig farms have different other symptoms: some pigs have constipation and diarrhea, sick pigs have purple ears, and many parts of the body, such as the lower abdomen and limbs, have purple and red skin; Some pigs will have neurological symptoms, such as lying on the ground, foaming at the mouth, convulsions and so on. Some pigs have clear or thick noses, sneezing, excessive eye secretions, red eyes and other obvious conjunctivitis. Some pigs also have rust-colored oozing blood in their back pores; There are also a few pig farms where sow abortion occurs.

Second, the characteristics of the disease

The survey found that the "high fever" of pigs mostly occurred in small and medium-sized pig farms that did not provide systematic health care for pigs, especially those that fattened piglets. Those pig farms with good immunity and health care have relatively few diseases, even if they have diseases, the degree is relatively light and the mortality rate of pigs is low.

Third, the main pathogens that may be involved.

1, virus pathogen

Classical swine fever: Although this kind of classical swine fever is a mixed infection of many pathogens, it is generally believed that the infection rate of classical swine fever virus is high. A considerable number of infected pigs showed typical clinical and anatomical pathological changes of classical swine fever: renal needle bleeding, spleen infarction, bladder bleeding, laryngeal bleeding and so on. Classical swine fever antigen was detected in pathological tissue.

Blue-ear disease: Blue-ear disease virus has been detected in the pathological tissues of infected pigs in most areas, and diffuse interstitial pneumonia is also common in clinical anatomy, and the diseased site is either not immunized with blue-ear disease, or mixed with dead vaccine and live vaccine, or even some live vaccines with unstable quality are used, which causes immune confusion and may lead to high fever in pigs. However, the mortality rate of fattening pigs is so high, and whether the blue ear disease virus is the direct culprit needs further research and observation.

Swine flu: Influenza antigens can be detected by PCR in some sick pigs, and antibodies to H 1 and H3 can also be detected in some sick pigs' sera. A virus capable of agglutinating red blood cells was isolated from sick pigs by chicken embryo inoculation, and it was suspected to be H3.

Other viruses: pseudorabies and circovirus.

2. Bacterial pathogens

Pasteurella multocida: Pasteurella multocida is the most isolated bacteria in this swine high fever. Although it has not been finalized, due to its numerous serotypes, it is not only the main pathogen of porcine pneumonia, a traditional pig disease in China, but also the main secondary pathogen of porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), a modern pig disease. Pasteurella infection may be one of the main culprits of swine septicemia.

Streptococcus, Salmonella and other bacteria: these are also two relatively more bacterial pathogens detected in this disease, among which Streptococcus has not yet found R-2-type people and livestock; Clinical anatomy often found scattered small white necrotic Salmonella nodules in the liver, hemorrhagic pneumonia in the lung and chaff-like ulcer in the cecum and colon. Haemophilus parasuis has also been isolated and cultured in some sick pigs, and Eperythrozoon and Toxoplasma gondii can also be observed under the microscope in some sick materials.

Mycoplasma: It is found in clinical anatomy that most dead pigs are infected with mycoplasma to varying degrees. In pig farms with severe high fever, the lungs of dead pigs not only become serious liver, but also most septa become solid.

Fourthly, the causes of the disease are preliminarily studied.

Since May this year, the weather in some provinces in East China and Central South China has become increasingly hot. Most small and medium-sized pig farms are prone to heat stress due to poor conditions and lack of ventilation and thermal insulation facilities, which reduces the resistance of pigs. At the same time, the high temperature and humid environment in summer is also conducive to the bacterial reproduction of these small and medium-sized pig farms with insufficient disinfection and poor sanitary conditions. In addition, there are mosquitoes, flies, ticks, mice, insects and so on. It also increases the chance of pathogen transmission.

In this swine fever, there is a certain proportion of swine fever, especially in farms that only raise fat pigs. The main reason is the immune problem of the purchased piglets. Because the piglets purchased from pig farms are diverse in sources, small in weight and different in age, the situation of strengthening immunization against classical swine fever is uncertain, so it is difficult to formulate a reasonable immunization plan for classical swine fever.

At present, immunosuppressive pathogens such as blue ear virus and circovirus exist in most pig farms to varying degrees. Once the stress occurs, the virus will replicate in the lymph nodes of the body, thus greatly reducing the immunity of pigs. Pathogens existing or lurking in pigs, such as Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus, Haemophilus parasuis, Salmonella, etc. , will take the opportunity to attack, which may be an important reason for the death of septic pigs.

The investigation found that most of the pig farms are small and medium-sized ones, and the conditions of pig farms are simple, and the pigs lack scientific and reasonable immunization and health care programs. Especially since the second half of last year, the price of pigs has fallen, pig farmers have reduced their investment in pig health, relaxed immunity and drug health care, and buried hidden dangers of epidemic diseases.

It is worth noting that the liver degeneration and consolidation of the heart lobe and tip lobe of the lungs are very serious in the autopsy of dead pigs, which is related to the fact that people often ignore the harm of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in summer. In fact, mycoplasma infection in pigs is still very common in summer. After mycoplasma infects the lungs, it will reduce the phagocytosis and digestion ability of macrophages entering the lungs to Haemophilus parasuis and Pasteurella multocida, and aggravate the damage of blue ear virus to the lungs. At the same time, it destroys the cilia of the respiratory tract, causing secondary infection of bacteria.

In summer, high temperature and humidity make the feed easy to mildew, and mycotoxin can inhibit the immunity of pigs, so that the antibody level of pigs is still low after vaccination, leading to immune failure.

Preventive strategies and countermeasures suggested by verbs (abbreviation of verb)

1, prevention strategy

booster immunization

① Good quality vaccines should be selected for several main virus pathogens such as classical swine fever in pigs, and antibody monitoring should be carried out in immunized pigs to ensure the immune effect.

(2) Because the immune status of purchased piglets is uncertain, it is best for conditional pig farms to formulate reasonable immune procedures based on antibody detection; Pig farms that do not have the testing conditions should also be immunized with at least 5 swine fever.

③ Pig farms should pay attention to the immunization of Pasteurella, especially small pig farms. At the same time, it is best to supplement attenuated Pasteurella A vaccine while immunizing swine fever, swine erysipelas and swine pneumonia.

Strengthen biological safety and feeding management

① Insist on autotrophic breeding to prevent the purchase of pigs with recessive infection; It is best to purchase piglets from the same pig farm in a planned way. Don't buy pigs in batches to avoid bringing in many germs. At the same time, try to buy piglets over 35 kg, and confirm that the immunization against classical swine fever has been completed.

② The pigsty and the surrounding environment should be disinfected regularly to reduce the existence of environmental pathogenic microorganisms. At the same time, do a good job of killing flies and rats, and block the biological vectors of disease transmission.

③ Pay attention to the effects of various stresses on pigs. Heat stress not only affects the growth performance of pigs, but also reduces the resistance of pigs, so the cooling and ventilation of pig houses should not be underestimated.

④ Mycotoxin is an important problem that puzzles the current pig industry. Don't relax the control of raw materials just because there are adsorbed mycotoxins in the market. Conditional pig farms had better regularly detect several common mycotoxins in raw materials.

Drug prevention

(1) Prevention is the most important disease of high fever, and the treatment effect is generally not ideal when pigs are attacked in a large area. Effective drug combination should be used to prevent the epidemic before it occurs.

② Pasteurella and Streptococcus were the most isolated bacteria in this high fever. After drug sensitivity test, it was found that they were sensitive to cephalosporins. At the same time, mycoplasma infection is very common in sick pigs. Therefore, in view of this epidemic, the combination of preventive drugs specially recommended is:

Zhiyuanjing 100g+ chlortetracycline 300g+ Xianfeng No.4 (cefadroxil degradation powder) 100g/ ton, used by the whole group of pigs for 7 days every month.

Practice has proved that the disease can be effectively controlled in pig farms with sufficient medical care in high fever areas.

2. Current emergency measures

An uninfected pig farm

(1) Immediately investigate the swine fever antibody situation of pigs in pig farms, and carry out emergency immunization if necessary.

(2) Newly purchased piglets in pig farms should be prevented for one week immediately after entering the market, and electrolytic multi-dimensional anti-stress drugs (such as Weiqikang and DeQikang) should be added to drinking water.

③ Strengthen disinfection, reduce pathogenic microorganisms in the environment and do a good job in biological safety.

(4) adding a pharmaceutical composition into the feed.

Zhiyuanjing 100g+ chlortetracycline 300g+ Xianfeng No.4 (cefadroxil degradation powder) 100g/ ton, used by the whole group of pigs for 7 days every month.

Sick pig farm

① Strengthen the observation of pigs, find, isolate and treat sick pigs in time, and eliminate them when necessary.

② Strengthen the disinfection of pigs and the environment.

(3) If the infection of classical swine fever is confirmed, the dose of classical swine fever vaccine should be doubled immediately and the pigs should be vaccinated urgently. At this time, each pig must be given a shot strictly to avoid artificial transmission.

(4) adding drugs to the pigs immediately;

Zhiyuan Jing 150g+ doxycycline 250g+ Xianfeng No.4 (degrading cefadroxil powder) 150g/ ton. The whole herd of pigs is used for 7 days every month.

⑤ Try to add these drugs to the drinking water of sick pigs, because the intake of sick pigs will mostly decrease, resulting in insufficient drug consumption. It is necessary to add a certain amount of electrolytic multivitamin, glucose and salt to the drinking water of fever pigs, which is helpful to the recovery of sick pigs' physique and reduce the mortality rate.