Introduction and process of Battle of Red Cliffs

Battle of Red Cliffs is one of the most famous battles in China. It laid the foundation of the three countries, so it promoted the development of history. So even after thousands of years, Battle of Red Cliffs is still a thrilling war. The following is a brief introduction and process of Battle of Red Cliffs that I have compiled for you. I hope you like it!

Brief introduction of Battle of Red Cliffs.

Battle of Red Cliffs took place in 208 AD. In short, it was a battle in which Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined forces to defeat Cao Jun in Chibi. At that time, the combined forces of Sun and Liu were 50,000, while that of Cao Jun was more than 200,000. Judging from the strength, Cao Jun is sure to win. However, because most of the soldiers in Cao Jun did not adapt to this kind of water and soil, and Sun Liu was very clever, Cao Jun suffered heavy losses.

After Battle of Red Cliffs, China's military and political center was no longer confined to the Yellow River Basin, but expanded, and Battle of Red Cliffs also kicked off the campaign in the Yangtze River Basin. After nearly two thousand years of history, it is still regarded as a model of war, because Battle of Red Cliffs has witnessed that military strength is not the only factor that can win in war, but strategy and skill are more needed in war.

The main content of burning Chibi

Before Battle of Red Cliffs, Cao Cao wrote a letter to Sun Quan, saying that he would command 80 Wan Shuijun to hunt with Sun Quan. At that time, Sun Quan read the letter and showed it to his subordinates. They were all frightened, and many people suggested welcoming Cao Cao and surrendering to the court. Among Sun Quan's men, only Lu Su didn't speak. When going to the toilet, Lu Su told Sun Quan what he said, implying that he could not surrender, which was recognized by Sun Quan. Later, Sun Quan sent his troops.

Sun Quan and Liu Bei joined hands. At this time, two very capable figures appeared in their team, Zhou Yu and Lu Su. Their two armies went upstream and came to Chibi. At that time, Cao Jun was crossing the river, so the warring parties met.

At that time, Cao Cao's northern foot soldiers were not used to sailing. Cao Cao used to connect the bow and stern of every boat, so that people and horses would feel on land even if they were put on. This situation was seen by Sun and Liu Lianjun, and they suggested that Cao Jun could be dealt with by fire. So they pretended to surrender and slowly approached Cao Jun. In the end, all the ships were burned and the losses were very serious.

Battle of Red Cliffs's brief introduction is that Liu Bei and Sun Quan jointly outsmarted Cao Cao in Chibi. Its main content is that Cao Cao connected the stern of the ship to make it flat because the soldiers in the north were not suitable for taking a boat, but it also led to a crisis. Sun and Liu Lianjun took this opportunity to pretend to surrender and set fire to the ship, so the famous incident of burning Chibi occurred in history.

Battle of Red Cliffs's process

During the formation of the Three Kingdoms, in the 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (2008), the joint forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's army in Chibi of the Yangtze River (now northwest of Puyin, Hubei, northeast of Jiayu), which laid the foundation of the Three Kingdoms.

Liu Cong surrendered.

After Cao Cao basically unified the north, he trained sailors in Xuanwu Pool and took measures against the Guanzhong area where unrest might occur. Then, in July of the 13th year of Jian 'an, in order to unify the north and south, he sent more than 100,000 troops to conquer Jingzhou (now Hubei and Hunan). At that time, Sun Quan had conquered Xiakou (now Wuhan) from Jiangdong, opened the gateway of Jingzhou to the west, annexed Jing and Yizhou (governing Chengdu) and developed northward; And Liu Bei, who is attached to Liu Biao, the shepherd of Jingzhou, to look after Mao Lu? Taking Zhuge Liang as a counselor, he formulated the strategy of seizing Jing Xian Li, uniting Sun Quan and entering the Central Plains, and practiced the water army in Fancheng. Cao Cao adopted the plan of serving the middle, and ordered Xun You to lead the army straight out of Yexian County and Wancheng (now Nanyang, Henan Province) and send Qingqi to attack Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province). In August, Liu Biao died of illness, and Cao Jun slowed down his March and used his military strength to win Jingzhou without fighting. In the name of mourning, Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation, win over Liu Bei, and unite with Liu Biao's old generals to deal with Cao Cao. On the way, Lu Su learned that Cao Cao had marched into Jingzhou, but he went to Xiangyang day and night. Liu Cong, the second son of Liu Biao, succeeded to Jingzhou as a shepherd, and sent messengers to surrender to Cao Cao and meet with Cao Jun. Liu Bei, who was stepping up preparations to meet the enemy, learned that Cao Jun had passed Wancheng when Liu Cong surrendered.

Sunliu alliance

At Xiakou, Zhuge Liang recommended himself to follow Lu Su back to Chaisang (now southwest of Jiujiang, Jiangxi) and asked Sun Quan for help. When Zhuge Liang arrived in Chaisang, he first used dichotomy and provocation to lobby Sun Quan. Sun Quan didn't want to be controlled by Cao Cao, but he was worried that Cao Cao was too powerful to match, so Zhuge Liang first explained Liu Bei's military strength. Although Yuzhou (Liu Bei) army was defeated by Changosaka, Guan Yu's water army still has 10,000 soldiers, and Liu Qihe's troops are no less than 10,000. ?

Then analyze Cao Cao's defeat: Cao Cao's expedition was hard and his foot soldiers were tired; Northerners don't learn water warfare; The people of Jingzhou have not persuaded Cao Cao.

Zhuge Liang's conclusion is that Sun and Liu Ruo will win together, and he clearly stated that the battle between Cao and Wu was divided into three parts. Sun Quan immediately agreed to send Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu to help Liu Bei. However, at that time, Cao Cao was very powerful, and Wu Dong, represented by Zhang Zhao, advocated surrender, thinking that Cao Cao was using the name of Han Xiang as an excuse and it was unreasonable to resist. Cao Cao has occupied the Yangtze River, and there is no natural barrier to defend in Jiangdong. Cao Jun is strong in land and water, and Jiangdong has no resistance, so he advised Sun Quan to see Cao Cao. Cao Cao also sent a letter of surrender, which read: Today, there are 800 water conservancy troops, and Fang and the generals will hunt in Wu. ? The intimidation is extremely heavy. So at the military meeting, ministers headed by Zhang Zhao suggested surrendering to Cao Cao, and Sun Quan was noncommittal. Lu Su secretly followed Sun Quan when he went to the toilet, pointing out that Zhang Zhao and others were not qualified. He also said that he would welcome Cao Cao himself, but he could also be an official in a county, and then hinted that Cao Cao had no place to accommodate Sun Quan, who was already the master of one party. Sun Quantan Zhang Zhao and others:? What is the loss of hope? Lu Su agreed with Lu Su, so he suggested that Zhou Yu's business countermeasures be taken back to Poyang.

After Zhou Yu came back, he also thought that Cao should be boycotted. He has analyzed Cao Jun's weaknesses, and Zhuge Liang's analysis is roughly the same:

Cao Jun is exhausted and is bound to get sick; The weather is cold and the horse has no grass; Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is Cao Cao's future trouble; Abandoning pommel horse and not learning to fight in water is not the benefit of the Central Plains people.

Then, the actual strength of Liu Biao was analyzed, and it was pointed out that there were only 150,000 to 60,000 people from the Central Plains, while the newly reduced number of 70,000 to 80,000 people by Liu Biao was not welcomed by Cao. So sun quan made up his mind, drew his sword in public and cut off the corner of the table, saying that it is no different from this case for a general to dare to answer when he meets Cao Cao! ? With Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu as the left and right commanders, and Lu Su as a captain of Zanjun, they helped plan and led 30,000 soldiers including Huang Gai, Han Dang, Lv Meng, Ling Tong, Gan Ning, Zhou Tai and Lv Fan to fight Cao with Liu Bei along the river.

In Cao Ying, many people thought that Sun Quan would kill Liu Bei if he didn't dare to resist Cao Cao, and this idea was also reflected in Cao Cao's surrender book. However, Cheng Yu believes that it is only because Sun Quan's name is not enough that he is guilty, and Liu Bei's name is very good. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are ten thousand enemies. Sun Quan will definitely support Liu Bei and use Liu Bei's name to fight against Cao Cao. Sure enough, Cheng Yu's statement became a fact.

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1. Zhou Yu's allusion to burning Chibi.

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4. Introduction to Battle of Red Cliffs

5. Notes on Battle of Red Cliffs's Text