How many degrees does the big cherry tree need to sleep?

During the winter dormancy period of big cherry trees, the temperature should be below 7.2℃ (the optimum temperature is between minus 5℃ and 7.2℃), and it takes about 1 100 hours to complete the natural dormancy, and then it can blossom and bear fruit normally after years. In North China, the big cherry trees planted in greenhouses begin to heat up around New Year's Day, which is relatively safe (you can buckle the shed in advance, but don't heat up too early).

1, the climate is suitable for planting big cherry.

Big cherry prefers warm to cold, so it is suitable for planting at the annual average temperature of 10- 12 degrees, and the weather above the annual average temperature of 10 degrees is more than 150-200 days. At the same time, the temperature requirements of big cherry in different periods are different, and the appropriate germination period is about 10 degrees, and it blooms. And the lowest temperature in winter can't be lower than MINUS 20 degrees. If the temperature is too low, it is easy to cause frostbite of cherry, and it can induce death in severe cases. It is hot and rainy in summer, which is easy to cause diseases and insect pests, inhibit flower bud differentiation and increase the probability of deformed fruit in the coming year.

2. Moisture requirements

Big cherries are suitable for growing in areas with annual precipitation of 600-800 mm, and the demand for water is generally similar to that of peaches. But it is more suitable for rainy winter and spring, and less rainy summer and autumn. The root growth and absorption of big cherry need sufficient oxygen, which is very sensitive to root hypoxia. Excessive soil moisture and poor drainage will cause soil hypoxia and affect the normal absorption of roots. From light to bad, the whole tree died. Insufficient soil moisture will also affect the development and form small old trees, resulting in low yield and poor quality.

3. Soil requirements

Big cherry belongs to shallow-rooted tree species, and its taproot is underdeveloped. Suitable for planting in places with loose soil and difficult water accumulation. Sandy loam or sandy soil with good fertilizer and water is better than clay, so the root system will be stunted in cohesive soil. Big cherry has poor alkali resistance and is suitable for slightly acidic soil. Its PH value is between 6.0 and 7.5, and its salt content is not higher than 0. 1%. If the cherry tree is yellow and the salt content is higher than 0. 1%, there will be symptoms such as boron deficiency, iron deficiency and calcium deficiency. The suitable depth of soil layer is 80- 100 cm.

4. Light

Big cherry is a kind of light-loving variety, with sunshine duration of more than 2,600-2,800 hours throughout the year, second only to peaches and apricots, and stricter than apples and pears.

5. Adaptation areas

Big cherry is suitable for planting in hilly and plain areas where water is not easy to accumulate, and low-lying areas are easily affected by low-temperature water accumulation. Because the dormancy of big cherry requires a low temperature of 900- 1400 hours below 7.2 degrees, most cherries in Jiangnan area of China cannot be planted. Therefore, the big cherry is mainly cultivated in Jiangbei, and there is a small amount of development in the southwest highland, but the variety is not as good as Jiangbei. The distribution of big cherry in China is mainly characterized by low latitude and high altitude, mainly concentrated along the Bohai Bay, and cultivated in Tai 'an, Qingdao and Yantai. Followed by Dalian and Hebei.

6, technical summary

A few days ago, the rain and snow that cooled down all over the country had a great influence on the big cherry, and it would be frostbitten or frozen to death at the beginning of flowering.

1) Experienced fruit farmers will take precautions in advance according to the weather forecast. They can put some hay around the orchard, light it, cover it with wet grass, produce smoke, prevent cold air from entering, and play a role in heat preservation.

2) According to the arrival time of frost, you can also water the land in advance, postpone the flowering period and stagger the frost time.

3) During the fruit expansion period, water should be used to increase the fullness of the fruit. If there is a lack of varieties that will affect the fruit, the fruit looks small. During the fruit expansion period, it is also necessary to prevent too much rain. Too much rain will cause the pulp to crack and affect the sales of fruits.

4) There should be pollinated trees in the cherry forest, and the allocation ratio is about 30%. Generally, 3-4 main varieties are planted and pollinated with each other.

Early maturing varieties: Hongguang, Zaodaguo, Zaoruby, Brooks, etc. , mature from late May to early June;