Geographical environment of Wugong county

Wugong county, located in the west of Guanzhong basin, belongs to Weihe landform and was formed in the late Mesozoic. Due to the neotectonic movement such as Yanshan Mountain and various stresses such as climate, different geological structures and different landform types have been created today. The terrain of this county is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. It descends step by step from north to south and is divided into first, second and third plateaus. To sum up, there were aeolian loess tableland and piedmont alluvial fan plain in the county during the Lower Pleistocene. The third terrace of Weihe River and Qishui River in Middle Pleistocene; The second terrace of Weihe River and Qishui River in Upper Pleistocene; The first terrace and floodplain of Weihe River and Qishui River Basin in Holocene. Except the first terrace, it is generally covered by Pleistocene aeolian loess (Malan loess). The whole terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and it is inclined to the Weihe River in a ladder shape. From north to south, people call it Toudaoyuan, Erdaoyuan and Sandaoyuan in turn. There are three main channels for surface water diversion in Wugong County: the Weihe River Diversion Project and the River Diversion Project. The main canal is located in Toudaoyuan, with a length of 18.7 km, a flow of 40 cubic meters per second and an irrigation area of190,000 mu. Wei Gaoqian is located in Erdaoyuan area in the middle of Wugong County, with a canal length of 2 1km, a flow of 23 m3/s and an irrigation area of 1.23 million mu. Weihui Canal is located on the second terrace in the south of Erdaoyuan in the middle of Wugong County, with a length of 20 kilometers, a flow of 27 cubic meters per second and an irrigation area of 10.8 million mu.

There are mainly Weihe River, Qishui River, Moyu River and Menghe River. Weihe River runs through the south of Wugong County and is the largest river in Wugong County. The domestic flow is 20.7 kilometers long, with an average annual flow of 300 m3/s, and the water quantity varies greatly seasonally. June, July and August are the flood season, with the maximum flow reaching 1 100 m3/s, and the dry season is 10 to April of the following year, with the minimum flow of 65.5 m3/s, followed by Qishui River, which flows through the west of Wugong County from north to south, with a total length of 24km. It enters from the north of Youfeng Township and flows into Weihe River from Dazhuang Township via Wugong Town. Thirdly, there are Moyu River and Hege River, which have short flow and small water volume, and dry valleys often appear in dry season. Martial arts belongs to a warm and semi-humid climate zone, with high temperature and rain in summer, cold and little snow in winter, and obvious differences among the four seasons.

Temperature: February10-February 15, the average daily temperature in Wugong county passes through 0℃ stably, and the frost-free period is 3 15 days. The daily average temperature passing through 10℃ stably lasts for 206 days from April 5th to1October 28th. The annual active accumulated temperature ≥ 10℃ is 4 184℃, which is in the middle state compared with 2000~4900℃ in the whole province.

Lighting: Wugong County is rich in light energy resources, with an average sunshine hours of 2094.9 hours over the years, and annual total radiation 1 14.86 kcal, of which physiological radiation is 57.43 kcal, accounting for 50% of the annual total radiation. The utilization rate of light energy is generally 2.45%, and that of high-yield fields is 5%, which has great production potential.

Precipitation: Wugong County is located in the west of Guanzhong, with annual precipitation of 633.7mm, minimum precipitation of 97.97mm and maximum precipitation of 327.1mm. Moreover, precipitation is seasonal, mostly concentrated in June, July and August, accounting for more than 50% of the annual precipitation. A dry year often occurs in 2-6 years, and continuous rainy weather occurs almost every year in September, which often has a certain impact on agricultural production.