Tomb-Sweeping Day handwritten newspaper

Tomb-Sweeping Day was also called March Festival in ancient times, and Tomb-Sweeping Day was one of the 24 solar terms in the Gregorian calendar from April 4th to 6th. Among the 24 solar terms, Qingming is the only solar term that is both a solar term and a festival.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the important traditional folk festivals in China, and was listed in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage in 2006.

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The traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day in China began in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. Tomb-Sweeping Day is first of all a very important solar term. As soon as Tomb-Sweeping Day arrives, the temperature rises, which is a good time for spring ploughing and planting. Therefore, there are agricultural proverbs such as "Before and after Qingming Festival, plant melons and beans" and "Planting trees is not as good as Tomb-Sweeping Day". Later, as the days of Qingming and cold food approached, cold food was the day when people banned fire to sweep graves. Gradually, cold food and Qingming became one, and cold food became another name of Qingming and became a custom of Qingming. On Qingming Day, there are no fireworks, only cold food. The following is an ancient poem about Tomb-Sweeping Day

Qingming Festival

Du Mu

A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.

Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village.

Qingming Festival

Huang tingjian

Every holiday season, I miss my parents, and the peaches and plums smile, and the Noda wilderness is only sad.

Thunder stung dragons and snakes, and the original vegetation in the suburbs was soft after the rain.

People beg to sacrifice my arrogant concubine, but people are willing to burn to death.

A clever fool has known who it is for thousands of years, and his eyes are full of chrysanthemum.

Qingming Festival

Wang Yuqiao

I have lived in Tomb-Sweeping Day without flowers and wine. Like a monk in a temple, everything is depressing and lonely for me.

Yesterday, I discussed new kindling from my neighbor's house, and early in Tomb-Sweeping Day, I lit in front of the window and sat down to study.

An outdated festival (Qingming Festival) that started one or two days ago in Tomb-Sweeping Day, when only cold food is served for three days.

Yi Han

In late spring, Chang 'an city is full of songs and dances, and countless flowers fall. The east wind of the Cold Food Festival blows on the willow trees in the royal garden.

As night fell, the palace was busy lighting candles, and smoke drifted to the house of the prince and the marquis.

Jiangnan Qingming

Zheng Zhun

For four years, Chu Yi in Wushan changed his appearance at the sight of Qingming.

Travel far and hate the wind for a night, and the light will accompany the wine.

There are no flowers climbing outside Yanxing Gate, and the quarrying river is covered by rain.

What is infinite homing? Ge Jia on the roadside is very crowded.

Chang 'an Qingming

Wei Zhuang

Fleas are rainy days that hurt spring dreams, but the grass is more sandy.

At the beginning, the official gave me a clear fire, and I was given a free share of the money.

The purple stranger is screaming and screaming, and the green poplar is drawing a swing.

Tourists think of the peace incident and feel glad that the scenery is as good as before.

The origin of festivals

Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional folk festival in China and one of the important "eight festivals a year" in China (Shangyuan, Qingming, Long Summer, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Winter Solstice and New Year's Eve). Generally, it is around April 5 of the Gregorian calendar, and the festival is very long. There are two statements:/kloc-8 days before 0/0, 10 days after 10. To talk about Tomb-Sweeping Day, we need to start with a festival-Cold Food Festival.

The Cold Food Festival, also known as the Hot Food Festival, the No-smoking Festival and the Cold Food Festival, is only one or two days away from the winter solstice 108. The main festival custom of this festival is to ban fire, cook without fire, and only eat prepared hot food and cold food, hence the name. It is said that the origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day began with the "grave-sweeping" ceremony of ancient emperors and generals. Later, people followed suit, and it became a fixed custom of the Chinese nation to worship ancestors and sweep graves on this day. The name "Tomb-Sweeping Day" also comes from "Tomb-Sweeping Day" in the twenty-four solar terms of the China lunar calendar. 108 The day after beginning of winter is Qi's Tomb-Sweeping Day. Tomb-Sweeping Day gas * * * has 15 days. As it is Tomb-Sweeping Day, the time is after the vernal equinox. At this time, winter has gone, spring is full, the weather is sunny, the fields are bright and clean, and the vitality of nature is everywhere. It is an appropriate word to call this period "Qingming". One revolution of the earth is 360 degrees of the yellow meridian, and when the earth reaches zero degrees of the yellow meridian, it is designated as the vernal equinox, and then there is a solar term every time it runs 15 degrees, and there are 24 solar terms in * * *. Therefore, the dates of solar terms in the solar calendar are fixed, and there will be two-day differences in leap years.

Traditional festivals in China introduce that the lunar calendar is a yin-yang calendar that reflects phenological changes and guides agricultural time. It also combines the lunar calendar, that is, the cycle of the lunar phase is 29.5 days (the time interval from one full moon to the next). Because calculating the specific time of solar terms in the lunar calendar requires accurate astronomical knowledge and mathematical knowledge, the occurrence time of each solar term in the previous almanac was promulgated by the state (for example, beginning of spring was accurate to year, month, day, minute and second), and the rules for calculating different times were different, so the draft of Qing Dynasty County Records used a long space and many graphic formulas to illustrate the calculation method at that time. Generally speaking, the law of setting solar terms in the lunar calendar only determines that the first month is a solar term and the middle of the month is a neutral one. The interval between two solar terms is 15 days, which is the only basis for people to calculate. Solar term song is also the necessary knowledge for ordinary people to master solar terms. A slightly more complicated calculation is that the winter solstice of the previous year (when the sun is the least in a year) 105 is cold food, and 106 is Qingming; It's much simpler according to the solar calendar. April 5 or 4 (depending on February 29 of that year) will do. Astronomically speaking, on April 5 or 6, when the apparent sun (that is, the position of the sun on the ecliptic) reaches 15 degrees. In the concept of the ancients, 108 is a large number representing perfection, auspiciousness, antiquity and profundity. It is of profound significance to put Qingming Festival on the 108 day from winter to the future. Qingming gets its name not only because everything grows cleanly at this time, but also because the sun in this period is also a fresh sun, and the sun flowing between heaven and earth in this period is also a fresh sun.

Ethnicity

According to legend, after Dayu's flood control, people used the language of "Qingming" to celebrate that the flood had been eliminated and the world was at peace. this

The origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day is that spring is blooming, everything is reviving, and the sky is clear. It is a good time to go for an outing in spring. Going for an outing began as early as the Tang Dynasty and has become a habit throughout the ages. In addition to enjoying the beautiful lakes, mountains and spring scenery, we also carry out various entertainment activities to increase the interest of life. Grave-sweeping is very popular in Tomb-Sweeping Day. In fact, sweeping graves is the content of Tomb-Sweeping Day's Cold Food Festival the day before. It is said that cold food originated in Jin Wengong to mourn Jiexiu. During the twenty years of Emperor Xuanzong's reign, he ordered the world to "eat cold food in the ground". Because cold food is associated with Qingming, it gradually spread to sweeping graves in Qingming. During the Qingming period, sweeping graves is more popular. In ancient times, children often flew kites when sweeping graves. Some kites are equipped with bamboo flutes, which can make a sound when the wind blows, just like the sound of kites. It is said that this is the reason why kites get their names. Tomb-Sweeping Day was very common in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival handed down by Zhang Zeduan depicts the characters on both sides of the Bianliang River in Tokyo during the Qingming Festival of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since 2008, China has recognized Tomb-Sweeping Day as a legal holiday with one day off. It was changed to three days in 2009. Has continued to this day. [Local Customs] There are 25 ethnic groups in China who have visited Tomb-Sweeping Day. Although customs vary from place to place, sweeping graves to worship ancestors and hiking are the basic themes. Influenced by the Han culture, 24 ethnic minorities in China, such as Manchu, Hezhe, Zhuang, Oroqen, Dong, Tujia, Miao, Yao, Li, Shui, Jing and Qiang, also have the customs of Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Qingming Cold Food In Tomb-Sweeping Day, different places have different holiday foods. Because of the combination of the Cold Food Festival and Tomb-Sweeping Day, some places still keep the habit of eating cold food in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Eat eggs and cold steamed bread in Shandong, eggs and cold sorghum rice in Laiyang, Zhaoyuan and Long Island. It is said that if not, there will be hail. Taian eats cold pancakes and rolls bitter vegetables. It is said that his eyes are bright. Jinzhong area still retains the habit of banning fire the day before Qingming.