What cherry varieties are suitable for greenhouse cultivation?

Greenhouse cherry should choose varieties with high self-flowering and fruit-setting rate and high yield, such as scarlet, pointed leaves, cinnabar and so on. The tree is 5-8 years old, short, with many branches in the inner chamber, and the density is not less than 45 plants/mu. The park should be leeward, sunny and sunny.

For fertilizer and water management after defoliation or before shed construction, 50-80kg of high-quality soil miscellaneous fertilizer, 2-3kg of cake fertilizer and1-2kg of special multi-element fertilizer for fruit trees (or 0.5-1.0kg of diammonium) should be applied to each plant. Radial or double-ring furrow application is adopted. Spraying a mixture of 300 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 300 times of urea 1 time at the initial fruit stage and fruit hard core stage. Water 1 time before the shed is buckled, and generally do not water after the shed is buckled, so as to avoid excessive humidity, excessive branches and fruit cracking in the shed.

Reasonable pruning should make full use of space to make branches evenly distributed. The height of branches shall not exceed 2m in the south and 3m in the north. After pruning, the branches that are too dense, overlapping and erect and the branches that retract too long should be removed. Thinning weak fruit branches, and properly removing excessive flower branches.

For common cherry greenhouses, a single slope should be built in the east-west direction (easy to cover with grass curtains), and the north wall and the east-west wall can be made of cement and stones. The north wall is 3 meters high, the east-west wall is 3 meters high to the north, the north wall 1 meter is 3.5 meters high, and the south wall is 2.5 meters high. There are working doors and 3-4 ventilation window on the east and west walls. The height of the window from the ground is1.5m.. The inside and outside of the wall should be plastered with 1cm thick wall mud for cold protection. The columns in the shed are made of reinforced concrete, and the row spacing and column spacing are 3.0-3.5m.. Bamboo is used as the skeleton on the column, tied into a square of 50 cm, and covered with plastic film to keep warm. The area of a greenhouse is generally 300-400 square meters. The tent-tying time should be in late February of 12 or early October of 1 2.

Artificial pollination can improve the fruit setting rate and promote loose pollen. After 10, the shed will be covered with plastic film. During flowering period, placing quicklime in the shed to absorb moisture, placing half a basket of quicklime in the fruit basket and placing one basket every 30 square meters can reduce the humidity in the shed 10%-20%, and under the condition of proper ventilation, the humidity in the shed can be reduced to below 60%. Artificial pollination should be carried out in time, and the best time is 12 ~ 14. At this time, the temperature is high and the humidity is low, so the pollen is easy to disperse into powder, and the pollination effect is good. First, gently brush the anther skin with a feather duster, and then blow it around the tree with a small hair dryer to evenly pollinate the flowers inside and outside the crown.

The operation door and ventilation window should be completely opened within 3-4 days, gradually closed within 3- 10 days, and gradually covered with grass curtains at night after 10 days, so as to gradually increase the temperature. Under normal circumstances, the temperature rises 1℃-2℃ every day. When the temperature rises to 16℃, ventilate 10- 17 every day. /kloc-close ventilation window after 0/7, and cover it with a straw curtain (open the straw curtain after the sun comes out every day). In case of rain, cover the straw curtain with plastic film before it rains. The suitable humidity is 70%-80% from closing the shed to before flowering, and the humidity is mainly controlled by covering the plastic film completely; The suitable humidity of flowering period is 50%-60%, which is mainly regulated by water absorbent; The suitable humidity from young fruit to coloring stage is 60%-70%, which is mainly controlled by ventilation. From coloring to harvesting, the appropriate humidity is 60%-70%, and ventilation is needed until the film is gradually uncovered. The time of uncovering the film depends on the climate and fruit growth period. After the frost period, the fruit enters the coloring period, and the vertical plastic film can be rolled up in the south of the shed to enhance the illumination in the shed, promote the coloring of the fruit and increase the sugar content of the fruit. According to the weather forecast, if it rains or cools down, it will be covered with plastic film again to keep warm and rain-proof. After the fruit is harvested, it can be completely uncovered, and it should be fertilized and watered.