Classical Chinese Reading A Journey to Qingshan

1. Reading answers to Hao Jingchun's biography in classical Chinese

Translation for reference:

Hao Jingchun, courtesy name Heman, was from Jiangdu. He passed the provincial examination and was awarded the Yancheng teaching. He was dismissed and returned home because of his fault. He was appointed as the Wan Shou Supervisor of Yuanma Temple in Shaanxi Province, and was later transferred to Huangzhou Zhaomo to act as agent for Huang'an County affairs. Three days after taking office, the peasant rebels suddenly came to attack the city. Jingchun and others held on for eight days and eight nights before the rebels withdrew.

In the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638), he was promoted to magistrate of Fang County. Luo Rucai, leader of the Peasant Rebel Army, led nine battalions to ask Xiong Wencan to surrender. Wencan agreed to surrender, but Rucai hesitated again. Jingchun rode alone to the rebel barracks to persuade him, and formed a blood alliance with Rucai and his accomplices Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang. Rucai surrendered at Wencanjunmen, and his battalions were stationed in Zhuxigu, Baokang, and Shangjin. You, Gui, and Yunxiang were stationed in the suburbs of Fangxian. At that time, all the city walls in Yunyang counties were destroyed. Only Fang County relied on Jingchun's appeasement and could generally be defended. However, the rebels were everywhere, and the residents were restless day and night. Jingchun, chief secretary Zhu Bangwen, and guard Yang Daoxuan repaired the fortifications on the one hand, and lived in harmony with the rebel camps on the other.

In May of the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Zhang Xianzhong raised troops in Gucheng to rebel against the Ming Dynasty, and asked Rucai to join him. Hao Mingluan, the son of Jingchun, was still a soldier and had the courage to defeat ten thousand men. He said to his father: "The city of Fang County is an enemy attack target. There are only 200 tired and thin soldiers. How can we hold the city?" He put on his armor and went to see him. Rucai said, "Don't you remember the oath you made with my father when you burned incense? I hope you will be careful and don't make trouble with Zhang Xianzhong." You promised falsely. Mingluan realized that Rucai's promise was not sincere, so he came back and led the troops to defend the city with Daoxuan. However, the forwards sent by Xianzhong had already arrived at the city. Mingluan and other generals from the rebel army went to Tianlong and sent envoys to Xiong Wencan for help. They went fourteen times but did not see Wencan.

Soon, the rebel brigade arrived at the foot of Fangxian County and presented their loyal soldiers with white flags, while Rucai's team waved red flags. Suddenly the two armies joined together and attacked. The rebel generals Bai Gui and Hei Yunxiang shouted to the city: "Give the city to us and make sure nothing happens." Xianzhong also ordered Zhang Dajing to persuade him to surrender. Jingchun cursed in the city, kept guard and fought for five days and five nights. The rebels suffered a lot of losses. Xianzhong's left foot was injured and his beloved horse was also killed. The defenders commanded Zhang Sanxi to open the north gate and let Rucai enter the city. The city was captured and Daoxuan died in the street fighting. Dajing prompted Rucai to persuade Jingchun to surrender, but Jingchun refused. He also asked him where the property was in the treasury, and Jingchun said sternly, "If there is still property in the treasury, you can't break the city!" The rebels killed a Dianshi and a guard to intimidate him, but Jingchun refused to give in and was killed together with his son Mingluan. kill. His servants Chen Yi and Zhu Bangwen's family all died. When the imperial court heard about it, they presented it to Jingchun Shangbao Shaoqing, who built a temple to worship it, and later gave it to Taipu Temple Shaoqing.

2. Classical Chinese reading of "History of Ming Dynasty. Biography of Xu Wenqi"

Xu Kui, courtesy name Rudeng, was born in Gushi. Jinshi in the third year of Zhengde. He has a long body and a huge mouth, ape-like arms and a swallow-like jaw, and is calm and strategic. He was granted the title of Magistrate of Leling County. In the spring of the sixth year, the bandit Liu Qi and others massacred the city and killed the chief officials. The states and counties closed the city to defend, or abandoned the city to escape, or left behind their humble grain bows and horses, begging the thieves not to attack. Kui Zhiguan generously prepared for the war. At the beginning of the county, there was no city. The governor built the city and it took less than a month for the city to be completed. Order the people to build walls outside their houses, the walls should be higher than the eaves, and open Guidou ① to accommodate people. The family selects a strong man to hold the sword and serve in the sinus, and the rest join the team. They regard the flag as a signal every day, and those who violate the military law will be punished. They also recruited dead soldiers to hide in the alleys and open the city gates. When the thief arrived, the flag was raised and everyone in the sinus came out. The thief ran away in fright and captured everything. After several offenses, they were rejected, so they warned each other and did not dare to approach. After hearing about the incident, he was promoted to the second rank. At that time, the county magistrate who could resist thieves was Niuluan in Yidu, Tanglong in Tancheng, Zuojing in Wenshang, and Chenzhi in Drunk. However, there were few thieves. Kui repeatedly succeeded in fending off big thieves, so he and Luan both raised troops to prepare for Qian's affairs. Kui was stationed in Wuding Prefecture, the city was ruined and the city was flat, and cattle and horses could not be restricted. Kui built the city, dug a pond, set up towers and oars, and placed patrol soldiers. In May of next year, the thief Yang Widow invaded Wei County with a thousand cavalry, commanding Qiao Gang to defend it, but the thief Shao retreated. Chasing the defeated Gaoyuan from afar, the commander Zhang Xun invited Cangzhou to capture and kill more than 270 people. Not long after, another group of thieves plundered Deping, Kui wiped them out, and became famous.

In the twelfth year, he moved to Jiangxi as deputy envoy. At that time, Chen Hao's party was violent, and Kui was punished by the law. He once said to Sun Sui: "Those who dare to do violence, King Ning, rely on powerful ministers. Those who are controlled by powerful ministers are greedy and bribe heavily. Heavy bribery is due to theft of servants, but now only Jian theft will be bribed, and bribery will lead to the isolation of the party." Sui is so deep that he always discusses everything with secrets. When Chen Hao tied the sui, Kui fought for it. Chen Hao Su Ji Kui asked: "What did Vice Envoy Xu say?" Kui said: "The Deputy Envoy is just a heartless person." Chen Hao said angrily: "I can't kill Ru Xie?" Kui scolded: "You can kill me. The emperor can kill you. If you rebel against a thief, how can you regret it?" Chen Hao was furious, tied him up, pulled him out and cut his neck, and kept him still. The thieves pushed and ordered him to kneel down, but he could not do it, so he died at the age of thirty-six.

At the beginning, Kui used "Wen Tianxiang Collection" to inform his friends about Zhang Hanqing, who had no book. Han Qing spoke to someone and said, "Ning Di will rebel. If you climb it, it will be Wenshan!" When Kui's father returned home, he heard that there were changes in Jiangxi. He killed the censor and deputy envoys of the capital and took the throne. Yi surrendered and cried. A strange man asked why, and his father said: "The deputy envoy must be my son." Shizong came to the throne and presented the left deputy as the censor of the capital. In the first year of Jiajing's reign, he was given as a gift to Kui, Minister of Rites. 3. Classical Chinese reading: Rong Chuntang Ji answers questions

Rong Chuntang Ji Ming·Gui Youguang Bingxi, who was above Qingzhang, did not agree with the supervisor of the county, so he had to be transferred to the official position, that is, Fu Return with clothes.

Occupy the garden in Xiaoyupu in the west of the county, and go to the county to build Erli.

Starting from the east of Taihu Lake, the Wusong River meanders into the sea. In the north and south of the river, it is scattered into Puzuo, and Xiaoyupu is the nearest county. You can go back and forth by boat dozens of times a day.

If the garden has a hall and opens to the north, Ma'anshan will appear as if it is on the edge of the eaves. Flowers and trees of the four seasons are planted here and there, and the clear water and greenery outdoors are picturesque, so the gentleman named the hall Rongchun.

It is said that spring is between heaven and earth. Although there are yin mountains and snowy ridges, secluded cliffs and cold valleys, it is everywhere, but only this hall can accommodate it. Sincerely, the scenery of the four seasons and the scenic spots of mountains and rivers must be found in a quiet and lonely place; but the golden horse, jade hall, purple door and yellow pavilion cannot have both.

In the past, Confucius and his disciples preached on the banks of Yishui River. When spring comes, Xianghe sings with drums and harp, leisurely and at ease.

The happiness in the world cannot be easily achieved like this. The master asked the two or three sons to express their ambitions, but they all abandoned the immediate vicinity and focused on the crown and jade.

Zeng Dian was able to describe this scene at this time, so the Master sighed at it. Everyone has the same idea about spring, but only a few people can understand it.

Tao Yuanming's "Returning Words" says: "The trees are blooming with joy, and the springs are beginning to trickle. When I get all the good things, I feel that my journey in life is over."

Yuan You can clearly say this. The gentleman belongs to Yu Weitang Ji, so he wrote it.

Yuzhi Zengdafu, together with Kaosi Nangong of Bingxi, Chenghua Jiawu, moved together in the countryside. At that time, Duke Wenke took the lead.

But Zeng’s eldest father finally issued a military order in the city, and Sinan Gong became the prefect of the county. Yu was born in the same year as Bingxi, and Bingxi was born nine years earlier in his hometown.

At the age of Gengxu, they both tried Nangong. Bingxi came to Guangping, and after only three years, he was tired of traveling, but I am still a member of the Sixth Hall.

Therefore, this record is not only based on the family relationship between the two families and the deep understanding of Bingxi, but also on the origin of life. (Selected from "The Collection of Mr. Zhenchuan·Volume 15") 4. Regarding the interpretation of the punctuated words in the following sentences, the incorrect one is ( ) (3 points) A. If you are not compatible with the person who is in charge of the county, you may be transferred to the official position. : As usual B. Open the north door, then Ma'anshan will be as if it were on the eaves. Door: window C. The happiness of the world cannot be made easy like this. Easy: change D. After just three years, I am tired of traveling. Fu: just now 5. In the following groups of sentences, The group of added words with the same meaning and usage is ( ) (3 points) A. Being at odds with those who supervise the county. Su Zi said: Guests also know that the water and the moon are close to each other. . All of them are willing to give up the current knowledge, but their wisdom cannot match it. D. If only two generations are close to each other, there will be many people wandering around. 6. In the following summary and analysis of the relevant content of the original text, one of the incorrect ones is ( ) (3 Points) A. Rongchuntang is located in Xiaoyupu on the bank of Wusong River.

There is a garden outside the hall, with clear water and greenery outside, and the scenery is picturesque. In the middle of the garden, there are flowers and trees of all seasons, which means spring comes naturally, so the hall is named "Rongchun Hall". B. In the second paragraph, the author quoted the story of Confucius and his disciples admiring spring and expressing their ambitions.

Everyone else expressed their ambition to be an official in the beautiful spring scenery, but Zeng Dian was the only one who said that he wanted to enjoy this spring scenery. C. The third paragraph quotes a sentence from Tao Yuanming's "Returning Letters". The author said, "Yuanming can say this" because he believes that Tao Yuanming is a person who has left officialdom and enjoyed his youth.

D. The fourth paragraph briefly states that "I" and Mr. Bingxi's family have been friends for generations. We have been in love with each other since the previous generation, and "I" and Mr. Bingxi know each other very well, so I wrote "The Story of Rong Chun Tang" 》. 7. Translate the underlined sentences in the text into modern Chinese.

(10 points) (1) It is said that spring is between heaven and earth. Although there are cloudy mountains, snowy ridges, secluded cliffs and cold valleys, it is everywhere, but only this hall can accommodate it. (4 points) (2) In spring, Xianghe sings to the drums and harp, leisurely and at ease.

(3 points) (3) The gentleman belongs to Yu Weitang Ji, so he wrote it. (3 points) Reference answer. 4. 100 points, please translate the full text of "Travel to Dongshan" in classical Chinese

In the 28th year of Hongwu's reign, I lived in Wuchang.

There is a Mr. Jiang Yinxi in Wuchang. His ancestor is also from Luling. He is over eighty years old and loves to read Taoist books. His son Li Gong knew how to write poems.

Both father and son are broad-minded people. They usually live in seclusion, hide their ambitions and talents, and do not associate with others casually. They only share the same feelings with me. On the first day of March this year, the three of us went on a long trip with four or five servants, wine and food.

Before dawn, we walked eastward, passed Hongshan Temple for about two miles, turned north, and walked on a path for about ten miles, passing through pine forests and wading through mountain streams. The water in the stream is so clear that you can take a boat in its depths.

A large boulder by the stream can seat a dozen people. Green pines and green bamboos, shaded by greenery, are very dense.

At this time, the wind is warm and the sun is beautiful, the flowers of the wild grass and trees are in full bloom, the fragrance is wafting and staining the clothes, and the birds are chirping. So he started to clean the stone surface and sat on it.

After sitting for a long time, I heard the crow of chickens and the barking of dogs. I greeted Li Gong and stood up, walked a few dozen steps eastward, climbed over a hill, and saw a flat and vast field with more than a dozen huts nearby.

So I went to visit. An old man in his seventies, with long hair as white as snow, falling on his shoulders, and a ruddy and shiny face, he seemed to be a drinker.

The old man invited the two of us to sit down. There are several sets of books under the window.

Li Gong took out a volume of "Lieh Zi" and I picked up a copy of "White Tiger Tong". We both wanted to take the books away but were unable to ask for them. The old man saw what we were thinking and said, "I have no use for these two books."

So we each put the books in our arms and said goodbye. He returned to the stone and sat down, assigning boys to pick taro leaves as plates and put the meat on them.

Li Gong raised the wine gourd to pour the wine, passed the wine glasses around and drank several rounds. Li Gong took advantage of the excitement and wrote a seven-character modern poem, and I wrote one. Halfway through my drink, a man riding by on horseback turned out to be my old friend Li Qianhu, the left guard of Wuchang.

He was surprised at first, looked at each other and smiled, but did not stop and drove away directly. Soon, sumptuous food and wine were prepared and a Taoist priest came with him.

So we drank with them. The Taoist priest took out a picture of "Taiyi Real Person" and asked us to write poems.

I wrote an ancient five-character poem. He did not write any words of respect, but just toasted to the Taoist priest.

The Taoist priest couldn't bear it and bowed down to beg for mercy, which made everyone laugh. Li Qianhu took out his pipa and played several songs.

Li Gong also broke a piece of bamboo, drilled a few holes, and played it, making a sweet sound like a flute. Mr. Yinxi couldn't help but sing a piece of Fei Wuyin's "Su Wuman".

The Taoist priest danced gracefully, and the two servants followed him, clapping their hands and dancing. After that, the Taoist priest bowed his hands again and asked Li Gong: "Why don't you, sir, refuse to compose poems for poor Taoists?" Li Gong took up his pen and wrote several quatrains, making the poems even more novel.

So we started drinking again. Li Gong and I didn’t drink much, so we were both a little tipsy. Soon, the sun set in the west, and there was only more than ten feet away from the western peak. Mr. Yinxi called us back and said, "Is there no end to fun?" So we said goodbye to Li Qianhu and the Taoist priest.

On the way, Mr. Yinxi pointed to the foot of the hill next to the road, turned around and said to me: "This is the place where I will build my tomb." He also pointed to the peach tree on the roadside and told me: "Next year when you enjoy the peach blossoms Come find me here."

After coming back, Li Gong said to me: "I should write a travelogue about this trip." But I didn't have the time to write this article.

In the winter of this year, Mr. Yinxi passed away suddenly. I wept and mourned.

During the Cold Food Festival the next year, I made an appointment with Li Gong to visit the grave of an old man. Unexpectedly, I fell ill again at that time and was unable to go as scheduled.

Not long after, I was about to return to Luling. Before leaving, I specially stayed at Li Gong's house to say goodbye, and then I started to remember my trip to Dongshan. Before I finished writing, Li Gong took it to read. I cried while reading, and I couldn't help but burst into tears, so I stopped writing again.

But I thought about the close friendship I had with the Jiang family and his son in the past, and that I had been given Li Gong during my stay in Wuchang. Diary on the third day of August in the second year of the spring outing to Dongshan.

[2] Translation On the day of Jihai in the summer of April of the Wuyin year (1158 AD), Fang Chou of Yiyang and Zhang Shi of Guanghan drank a farewell party for Liu Rui of Dongping in Dongshan, Yongzhou. After a long period of rain, the weather was fine. We climbed to the top of the mountain and looked around. The mountains were so beautiful and we felt relaxed and happy.

Together we placed the food and wine in the room on the west side of the temple. Looking around the courtyard and the entrance, we sighed and said, "Ah, this is the former residence of former Prime Minister Fan Xuangong!" All the guests present were surprised and stood up. Ask for details. Zhang Gongshi of Lingling said: "I was only thirteen or fourteen years old when Duke Zhongxuan lived here.

My late father was favored by Duke Zhongxuan and served their family, so I also had the opportunity to serve Duke Zhongxuan. . Zhongxuan Gong's eyes were very sick at that time. He was holding a piece of jade about an inch in his hand and used it to treat it.

I didn't know this thing, so I looked at it many times. . There was a child next to him who deliberately lied and said, "This is just a stone." ”

Duke Zhongxuan was very surprised and said: "No, this is called jade." Alas, Duke Zhongxuan was so honest that he would not even deceive children. So one can imagine the spirit of Duke Zhongxuan. ”

Everyone present was amazed. Zhang Gongshi also said: Zhongxuan Gong lives in this side house on the west side. The house is very small and is very close to the monks in the temple.

The grandsons were still very young. One day, the grandsons were playing with the monks in the temple. The monks did not know that Duke Zhongxuan was the former prime minister, and they exchanged insults with Duke Zhongxuan’s grandson. They happened to pass by Duke Zhongxuan, and in their words It also secretly involves Duke Zhongxuan. Duke Zhongxuan treated him indifferently, as if he didn't hear him.

The next day, the monk felt very regretful and felt unnaturally restrained. He came to his home to apologize. In the end, Duke Zhongxuan did not say a word and treated them as before. Scholars in Yongzhou sometimes met Duke Zhongxuan, who followed his instructions and taught him personally.

One day, just as we were sitting down, someone asked rashly: "How are you and Fan so-and-so related?" He actually called Fan Wenzhenggong by his first name. At that time, the two sons of Duke Zhongxuan were waiting beside him. They were so frightened that they broke out in sweat.

Duke Zhongxuan frowned and said after a long time: ‘It’s my deceased father. ’ He who speaks rashly is very frightened.

After a while, Lord Zhongxuan comforted him with gentle words, and he kept in touch with him from then on.

Although Zhongxuan Gong's temperament and magnanimity are said to have factors given by God, they are probably also tempered by acquired learning and cultivation.

So everyone present said together: The country is still the same as before, but Duke Zhongxuan has no chance to see him again. Like Zhang Gongshi and others, it's okay. 5. Reading answers to the classical Chinese biography of Zhang Zhengchen in the Ming Dynasty

Zhang Zhengchen, courtesy name Yuhou, was from Kuaiji. Liu Zongzhou, who studied with Liu Zongzhou, was a scholar. Jinshi in the fourth year of Chongzhen. From Shujishi, the etiquette department was changed to Shizhong. Advise the emperor to follow Zhou and Confucius, depose Guan and Shang, worship benevolence and righteousness, and despise the rich and powerful.

The Minister of Rites, Wang Yingxiong, is a warm-hearted and benevolent private person. Tiren invited him to help and entered the pavilion for the camp. Zheng Chen said: "Why should Xiong Qiang be so self-confident? Why should he be so simple? Because of the many disturbances, the changes can be carved into pieces. After comprehensive inspection of the wounds, it is appropriate to keep them honest. How can I make a very proud person praise the Ming Dynasty? ?" The emperor was furious, sent to prison and tortured, and then returned home with his status revoked.

In the winter of the ninth year, he was called to the household department and transferred to Shizhong, and the official department was transferred to Shizhong. Zhou Yanru became prime minister again, and the emperor's courtesy was extremely important. Zhengchen came out of his door and held a handshake with him. On the first day of the year, at the court meeting, the emperor bowed to his master, Jin Yanru and others bowed to him and said: "I will listen to you sir with the world." Zhengchen said: "Your Majesty, your Majesty, pays homage to your ministers, and I hope that your ministers will be sincere and sincere to the emperor's heart. No fate. As an official, you should not cultivate grudges, do not rely on favors to gain success, and do not use honors and salary to gain personal intimacy. Yanru wanted to appoint Jiang Yuxu, the governor of Xuanfu, as the governor-general of Xuanzhou, but Zhengchen could not hold on to it. The Ministry of Personnel hoped that Yanru would use it. Yanru wanted to appoint the magistrate of Jiangling County and adjust Yuan Dynasty, but Zhengchen stopped it. Yan Ru was summoned again because he was guilty of assisting Feng Quan. He wanted to pretend to defend Zhuo Gong and regain his crown. Zheng Chen fought over it, but the matter ended. He didn't want to be like this. Soon, he would push his cabinet ministers, rescue Li Rixuan, and banish him to Junzhou.

King Fu was established and Zhengchen was restored to his old position. Zhengchen raised the imperial court bitterly and had no intention of courting the traitors, so he wrote in Shangshu: "Bi Zhi set up camps in Hebei and Shanzuo, captured and killed puppet officials, and served the imperial court to the death. Motivated by loyalty, all directions responded. It is urgent to attack the four towns in the north of the Yangtze River and cross the river separately. , Huaihe, contact all the roads, work together to support each other, then block Jingxing, defeat Mengjin, and attack Longyou according to Wuguan. His Majesty Zhensu personally led the six divisions and stationed on Huaihe River. When people share the same hatred, their courage will be doubled. They use simple chariots and disciples to select generals and repair the city walls. They advance every inch and every foot they advance. They seize key points and control the vastness of the Central Plains. "What?" Wei Guogong Xu Hongji recommended Zhang Jie, and the ministers also appointed Zou Zhilin, Zhang Sunzhen, Liu Guangdou, Anyuan Hou Liu Zuochang and others recommended Ruan Dacheng, Zhengchen and others refused to accept the advice. Changed to Dali Cheng, Zhengchen asked for leave and returned. King Lu supervised the country and served as an old official. When things failed, he abandoned his family and became a monk.

The following answers are for reference:

4.A. Don’t take lightly with: Give

B. Moving to an official position: promotion

C. When they were fighting, things went to bed. Sleep: stop.

D. Urgent appeal to the four towns in Jiangbei: Urgent answer: A

5. Among the following sets of sentences, the one that all shows that Zhang Zhengchen is "learned and practiced" is:

① Learn from learning Liu Zongzhou in Tongli ② Tiren invited him to help and entered the cabinet for the camp ③ Ying Xiongqiang was so self-arrogant, why is he special? ④ How can he make a very proud person praise the rule of the Ming Dynasty ⑤ Restore Zhengchen's old official ⑥ Zhengchen There is no intention to offend the culprits

A①②③ B②④⑥ C③④⑥ D①⑤⑥ Answer: C

6. In the following summary and analysis of the original text, which one is incorrect

A Zhang Zhengchen spoke out to prevent Wang Yingxiong from "entering the cabinet", which angered the emperor and was sent to prison for torture and interrogation.

B Zhou Yanru was appointed prime minister again, and Zhang Zhengchen worked under Zhou Yanru. The relationship between them was not good, and Zhang Zhengchen and Zhou Yanru often disagreed.

C Zhang Zhengchen said, "Your Majesty, I would like to express my sincerity to your ministers. I hope that your ministers will be sincere and considerate of your Majesty's heart. They will not be associated with middle-ranking officials, and they will not cultivate grudges..." These words are mocking the emperor.

D When Zhang Zhengchen went to the King of Fu, your majesty should personally lead the six armies to be stationed in Huaishang. If everyone is united in hating the enemy, their courage will naturally be doubled. Answer: C 6. Classical Chinese Reading History of the Song Dynasty·The Biography of He Jiyun

Jing Hanru was a native of Xindu, Jizhou.

Father Ji, Wang Wuling. Rare Confucians are young scoundrels, and together with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian, they are a group of thieves.

In Tianfuzhong of Jin Dynasty, the Prime Minister went to Fan Yang, and asked Zhao Yanshou, King of Yan, to take charge of his own soldiers. At the end of Kaiyun, Yanshou came to Bian from Khitan Lord Deguang and was appointed as the governor of Hanru Mizhou.

In the early Han Dynasty, Sima marched on the east road of Shannan. At the beginning of Zhou Guangshun's reign, he was invited by the court to lead the government, but he was too poor to be promoted.

In the early days of his emergence of virtue, Shizong fought against Gaoping and killed those who could not be killed because he wanted brave warriors. Li Yanjie, a member of Tongshishe, heard about it because of the rare Confucianism, so he immediately summoned him to Xingzai and ordered him to recruit the commander of the capital.

They will attack Taiyuan and order Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. The Han Confucians ordered people to walk toward Taiyuan City with their cuds on their backs and burn the east gate.

Promoted to the Commander of the Crane Crossbow and the Commander of the Great Sword. From Ping Huainan, he led the governor of Guangzhou, changed it to Taizhou, and served as the commander of the capital of Xia Cai and the security inspection envoy of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year, when Taizhou was first conquered, Zhen worshiped the governor and the field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March next year, Shizong visited Taizhou and appointed Hanru as the training envoy. He was given gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year, Ai Yique, a senior military officer, asked to stay, and the emperor praised him. At the beginning of Jianlong's reign, he was promoted to the defense of Zhengzhou, and with Hanru as his envoy, he changed the jurisdiction of Jinzhou's army and horses.

Hanru, relying on his bravery and underestimating the enemy, tried to lead his cavalry deep into the Shan Dynasty. There were many people and they could not come out, so they captured many people. In the winter of that year, he led more than a thousand cavalry and arrived at Fenzhou City. They burned the grass market and the soldiers retreated.

On the evening of Tuyuan, the capital, Liu Jun sent General Hao Guichao to lead more than ten thousand people to attack Hanru, arriving at dawn. Hanru sent the governor of the capital and deputy envoy Yan Yanjin to divide his troops to guard Guichao.

A rare scholar in brocade robes and armor was sitting on the Hu bed to feast on the scholar. He cut off the arms of the sheep and ate them. When he heard that Yan had entered Xiaoque, he mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy. They gathered weapons and pounded them, but Han Confucian still fought and killed more than ten people with their own hands, and then they were killed.

Liu Jun was always afraid of the bravery of the rare Confucians and often wanted to kill him. When he heard of his death, he wanted to kill the rare Confucians. Taizu regretted it deeply and promoted his son Shouxun to be the Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

Due to Suo Jing Tuyuan's insubordination, Wang Jixun, the regimental training envoy of Cizhou, was deposed as the leader of the government, and Yan Yanjin was appointed as the official of the palace. Twenty-nine of his subordinates, including Long Jie and the commander Shi Jinde, were killed. Rare scholars care less about wealth and love charity.

In Taizhou, there is the benefit of boiling the sea, and the annual income is tens of thousands. Even if you receive eight out of ten edicts, it is still not enough. The wealth in the family is registered, and the amount is not asked when it comes out.

Zhang Fenggui, an envoy to Taizhou, claimed to be the son of Zhang Chengye in the later Tang Dynasty. Han Ru said: "I heard about Zhang Tejin's reputation in my life, and I was lucky enough to know his son." He treated him generously and left five hundred thousand dollars and one thousand dendrobium rice. 7. Reading in classical Chinese: The Biography of Jing Hanru in the History of the Song Dynasty

The original text and translation of "The Biography of Jing Hanru in the History of the Song Dynasty" - Translation 1. Original text: Jing Hanru, a native of Xindu, Jizhou.

Father Ji, Wang Wuling. Rare Confucians are young scoundrels, and together with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian, they are a group of thieves.

In Tianfuzhong of Jin Dynasty, the prime minister went to Fan Yang, and asked Zhao Yanshou, the king of Yan, to take charge of his own soldiers. At the end of Kaiyun, Yanshou came to Bian from Khitan Lord Deguang and was appointed as the governor of Hanru Mizhou.

In the early Han Dynasty, Sima marched on the east road of Shannan. At the beginning of Zhou Guangshun's reign, in order to lead the government, he was invited by the court, but he was too poor to prosper.

In the early days of his emergence of virtue, Shizong fought against Gaoping and killed those who could not be killed because he wanted brave warriors. Li Yanjie, a member of Tongshishe, heard about it because of the rare Confucianism, so he immediately summoned him to Xingzai and ordered him to recruit the commander of the capital.

They will attack Taiyuan and order Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. The Han Confucians ordered people to walk toward Taiyuan City with their cuds on their backs and burn the east gate.

Promoted to the Commander of the Crane Crossbow and the Commander of the Great Sword. From Ping Huainan, he led the governor of Guangzhou, changed it to Taizhou, and served as the commander of the capital of Xia Cai and the security inspection envoy of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year, when Taizhou was first conquered, Zhen worshiped the governor and the field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March next year, Shizong visited Taizhou and appointed Hanru as the training envoy. He was given gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year, Ai Yique, a senior military officer, asked to stay, and the emperor praised him. At the beginning of Jianlong's reign, he was promoted to the defense of Zhengzhou, and with Hanru as his envoy, he changed the jurisdiction of Jinzhou's army and horses.

Hanru, relying on his bravery and underestimating the enemy, tried to lead his cavalry deep into the Jin territory. There were many people and they could not come out, so they captured many people. In the winter of that year, he led more than a thousand cavalry and arrived at the gate of Fenzhou City. They burned the grass market and the soldiers retreated.

On the evening of Tuyuan in the capital, Liu Jun sent General Hao Guichao to lead more than ten thousand people to attack Hanru, arriving at dawn. Hanru sent the governor of the capital and deputy envoy Yan Yanjin to divide his troops to guard Guichao.

A rare scholar in brocade robes and armor was sitting on the Hu bed to feast on the scholar. He cut off the arms of the sheep and ate them. When he heard that Yan had entered Xiaoque, he mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy. They gathered weapons and pounded them, but Han Confucian still fought and killed more than ten people with their own hands, and then they were killed.

Liu Jun was always afraid of the bravery of the rare Confucians and often wanted to kill him. When he heard of his death, he wanted to kill the rare Confucians. Taizu regretted it deeply and promoted his son Shouxun to be the Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

Due to Suo Jing Tuyuan's insubordination, Wang Jixun, the regimental training envoy of Cizhou, was deposed as the leader of the government, and Yan Yanjin was appointed as the official of the palace. Twenty-nine of his subordinates, including Long Jie and the commander Shi Jinde, were killed. Rare scholars care less about wealth and love charity.

In Taizhou, there is the benefit of boiling the sea, and the annual income is tens of thousands. Even if you listen to the imperial edicts and receive eight out of ten, there is still not enough money. The wealth in the family is registered, and the amount is not asked when it comes out.

Zhang Fenggui, an envoy to Taizhou, claimed to be the son of Zhang Chengye in the later Tang Dynasty. Han Ru said: "I heard about Zhang Tejin's reputation in my life, and I was lucky enough to know his son." He was treated generously and courteously, and he left behind half a million yuan and a thousand hu of rice. Although rare Confucians do not know how to read, they are polite to receive Confucian scholars.

Jinshi Zhao Baoyong was dismissed from the imperial examination and visited Hailing as a guest. Hanru asked him what he wanted, and he assured Yong that he would return to the capital. He also said that it would be profitable to trade silk for tea because of his relationship with Jiang Que.

Hanru summoned the master to hide the slaves and ordered Ji to hide the silk. He got more than four thousand taels, and he gave them all. However, he is brave and good at fighting, regardless of victory or defeat.

He often wanted to level Taiyuan, but his ambition failed and ended in defeat, which everyone regretted. Brother Hanru Yanfu.

Yanfu and his descendants. "History of the Song Dynasty: Biography of Jing Hanru" Original text and translation - Translation 2. Translation: Jing Hanru, a native of Xindu, Yizhou.

His father, Jing Ji, was appointed as Wangwuling. Jing Hanru did not practice virtue when he was young and became bandits with Zhao Feng and Zhang Nian.

During the Tianfu period of the Later Jin Dynasty, they came to Fanyang together and took refuge with Zhao Yanshou, King of Yan, and took charge of Zhao Yanshou's personal soldiers. At the end of the Kaiyun period, Liu Yanshou followed the Khitan king Yelu Deguang to invade Bianzhou and temporarily appointed Jing Hanru as the governor of Mizhou.

In the early years of the Later Han Dynasty, he was appointed Sima of the Marching Army on the East Road of Shannan. In the early years of Guangshun in the Later Zhou Dynasty, he was appointed as the leader of the government and could participate in court meetings, but his life was poor and difficult.

In the early years of Xiande, Emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty fought in Gaoping. He killed the generals who disobeyed orders and sought out those who were brave and good at fighting. General Li Yanjie recommended Jing Hanru, and Emperor Sejong summoned Jing Hanru to meet him and appointed him as the commander of the recruitment capital.

During the battle in Taiyuan, Shizong ordered Jing Hanru to lead three thousand infantry into the enemy territory first. Han Ru ordered his soldiers to carry supplies on their backs and take the small road to attack Taiyuan and burn the east gate of Taiyuan.

Due to his military exploits, he was promoted to Commander of the Crane Crossbow and Great Sword Commander. After Emperor Shizong's pacification of Huainan, he was appointed as the governor of Guangzhou, and later the governor of Taizhou. He was also appointed as the commander of Cai Shouyu, and concurrently served as the security inspection inspector of Shu and Qi prefectures.

In the fourth year of Xiande's reign, Taizhou had just been captured. Jing Hanru became the governor of Taizhou and concurrently served as the field envoy of Hailing and Yancheng. In March of the next year, Shizong came to Taizhou and appointed Jing Shihan as the regiment training envoy. He gave him gold belts, silverware, saddles and horses.

In the spring of the sixth year of Xiande, the elders of the army met with the emperor and asked to allow Jing Hanru to stay in Taizhou. Emperor Gong of the later Zhou Dynasty issued an edict to commend him. In the early years of Jianlong's reign in the Northern Song Dynasty, Jing Hanru was promoted to Zhengzhou Defense, and he was appointed as the defense envoy. He was also appointed as the military commander of Jinzhou.

Jing Hanru relied on his prowess and despised the enemy. He once led his cavalry deep into the territory of the Later Jin Dynasty. Most of the enemies closed the city and did not come out. Jing Hanru led his troops to plunder a lot. In the winter of this year, Jing Hanru arrived at Fenzhou City with more than a thousand cavalry, burned the pastures of the Jin army, and led the army away.

Jing Hanru led his army to camp in Jingtuyuan in the evening. Liu Jun sent general Hao Guichao to lead more than 10,000 troops to attack Jing Hanru, and arrived at Jingtuyuan at dawn. Yan Yanjin, the governor of Jinghan Confucianism and the deputy envoy of Zangban, divided his troops to resist Hao Guichao.

Jing Hanru, wearing a brocade robe and armor, was sitting on the bed to encourage morale and was cutting a leg of lamb to eat. When he heard that Yan Yanjin's troops had retreated slightly, he immediately mounted his horse and led his troops to attack the enemy directly. Many enemy soldiers attacked him with Yi Zan, but Jing Hanru still fought hard and killed more than a dozen people with his own hands, and then he was killed.

Liu Jun had always been afraid of Jing Hanru's bravery and wanted to capture him alive. When he heard about Jing Hanru's death, he found Jing Hanru's killers and killed them. Song Taizu deeply regretted Jing Hanru's death and promoted his son Jing Shouxun to the position of Deputy Military Envoy of Xijing.

In pursuit of those who did not fight desperately in the battle of Jingtuyuan, Wang Jixun, the regimental training envoy of Cizhou, was demoted to the leader of the government, Yan Yanjin was appointed to the palace, and Jing Hanru's subordinate Long Jie's commander Shi Jingde and others were killed. Twenty-nine people. Jing Hanru despises property and prefers to help others.

When he was in Taizhou, he had sea salt income and his annual income was astonishing. The emperor allowed him to collect 80% of the salt tax, but it was still not enough for him. The income from household goods is recorded, but the amount spent is not counted.

Once upon a time, Zhang Fenggui, an enshrined official, went to Taizhou as an envoy, and he said that he was the son of Zhang Jiye of the Later Tang Dynasty. Jing Hanru said: "I have only heard of Zhang Tejin's name in my life, and finally I was lucky enough to get to know his son."

He entertained him generously and gave him 500,000 yuan and 1,000 hu of rice. Jing Hanru was illiterate, but he liked to treat Confucian scholars with courtesy.

Jinshi Zhao Baoyong failed the scientific examination and traveled through Hailing. Jing Hanru asked him about his plan, and Zhao Baoyong told him that he planned to return to the capital. He also said that there was huge profit in exchanging silk for tea in Yuanjiang Guanwu (official signature).

Jing Hanru immediately summoned the servant in charge of the warehouse and asked him to count the silk in the warehouse. There were more than four thousand taels. 8. Translation of "The Biography of Dong Wenbing" in classical Chinese

Dong Wenbing, courtesy name Yanming, is the eldest son of Dong Jun. Dong Wenbing was only sixteen years old when his father died, and he took several younger brothers to serve his mother, Mrs. Li. Mrs. Ji is virtuous, strict in running the family, and good at educating her children. Dong Wenbing treated his mother as a teacher. He was smart, good at memorizing and reciting, and he was just like an adult when he was a child. In the second year of Yiwei, he took over as Gaocheng County Magistrate based on his father's position. His colleagues in the government were all people from his father's time. They despised Dong Wenbing's youth, and even the junior officials were not afraid of him. Dong Wenbing listened and made clear decisions, and established his prestige with kindness and righteousness. It didn't take long for everyone in his ranks to work under him willingly. When petty officials took documents for him to sign, they didn't dare to look up at him. People inside admired him. The county is very poor and suffers from drought and locust plagues. However, taxes are increasing day by day and the people are struggling to make ends meet. Dong Wenbing used thousands of stones of millet from his home to pay taxes, so that the government could let the people go. The former county magistrate borrowed money from private individuals to collect military supplies, and the loan company charged interest that doubled year by year. The government used the people's silkworms and wheat to repay the loan. Dong Wenbing said: "The people are very poor. As the county magistrate, I can't bear to see such a thing. I should repay the money for the people." So he paid the price of his own land and returned it to the lender, and registered the allocation of idle fields in the county. Farming for the poor. So the people who had been dispersed gradually came back, and after a few years the people became relatively wealthy. The imperial court initially counted the population and issued an edict that anyone who dared to conceal the truth would be executed and their property confiscated. Dong Wenbing allowed the people to live together, and the number of households was reduced. Many people in the county think this is inappropriate. Dong Wenbing said: "I am willing to be convicted for the sake of the common people." Some common people were unwilling to do so. Dong Wenbing said: "They will be grateful to me in the future." As a result, taxes were greatly reduced, and people became rich and preserved. Those in neighboring counties who could not get justice for their complaints submitted letters to Dong Wenbing, asking him for a ruling. Dong Wenbing once paid a visit to a superior official. People from neighboring counties gathered there to watch and said, "County Magistrate Dong seems to be a human being. Why is he so decisive as a god?" At that time, the government kept searching the people, and Dong Wenbing suppressed the official documents. be executed. Some people said bad things about him to the state government, and there were also people in the state government who wanted to slander him. Dong Wenbing said: "In the end, it is impossible for me to deprive the people of the people for my own personal gain." So he abandoned his official position and left.

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