What exactly does the Preface to Lanting mean?

The correct one should be Preface to Lanting Collection. Preface to Lanting Collection describes a great gathering of speakers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and expresses their common will. The article integrates narration, scenery description, lyricism and discussion, and the style of writing is ups and downs, with strange and accurate changes, which meets the needs of expressing philosophical speculation. Throughout the whole article, it describes the scenery of Lanting and the fun of Wang Xizhi's party, and expresses the author's sigh about the infrequent events and "All shall be well." The author is extremely happy and sad when he is happy and sad. With the change of his feelings, the article changed from calm to calm, to ups and downs, ups and downs, so the Preface to Lanting Collection became a famous article that was told through the ages.

Original text:

handicraftsmen

Wang Xizhi [Wei and Jin Dynasties]

Yonghe nine years, aged in Guichou, will gather in Lanting to repair things in late spring and early spring. A group of smart people never miss, but some of them are long and salty. There are mountains here, and there are bamboo cultivation in Maolin; There is also a clear stream, which reflects left and right, thinking it is a stream, followed by a row. Although it is not as prosperous as the string of silk and bamboo, it is enough to love.

Today is a sunny day, sunny and sunny. Looking up at the size of the universe and overlooking the richness of categories is enough to be extremely entertaining. I believe in cola.

The phase of a lady, pitching for a lifetime, or taking a bosom, realizing a room; Let the waves go because of the entrustment. Although the fun is different, the calmness is different. When it is happy with what it meets, it will gain something from itself for the time being, and will soon be self-sufficient without knowing the coming of old age. What he is tired of is that his feelings are advancing with the times and his feelings are sentimental. I'm happy about it. It's a thing of the past between pitches, so I still have to be happy about it. The situation is short-lived, and it will end in the end. The ancients said, "Life and death are great." It hurts! (Fun 1: Qu)

Every time we look at the reasons for the excitement of the ancients, if we unite, we will not be without sorrow, and we can't compare it to something in our chests. Knowing that a dead life is a false birthday and the destruction of Peng Qi is a mistake. Look at the present in the future or look at the past today. Sad husband! Therefore, as soon as people go public, they record what they say. Although the world is different, they are happy and they are one. Later visitors will also be impressed by Sven.

Translation:

In the 9th year of Yonghe, in early March, we will gather in Lanting, Yin Shan, Huiji County, for the ceremony. There are many wise men and capable people gathered here, old and young. Lanting is a place with towering peaks, dense forests and bamboo forests. There is also clear and swift water around the pavilion. We pump the water into the circulating canal water as a floating wine glass and sit beside the meandering water. Although there is no grand occasion of orchestra playing together, drinking wine and writing poems is enough to express that hidden feeling.

On this day, it was sunny and breezy. Looking up at the vast sky, overlooking all kinds of things on the earth, broadening our horizons and mind, is really very happy.

People associate with each other and spend their lives quickly. Someone talks about ambition indoors; Some people rely on what they like, pin their feelings on it and live a free life. Although they have their own hobbies, quietness and restlessness are different. When they are happy with what they touch, they will be complacent, happy and satisfied for a while, and they don't even know that aging is coming. When I am tired of what I love, my mood changes with the status quo, and my feelings come into being. What I used to like, in an instant, has become an old trace, but I can't help feeling because of it. Besides, the length of my life depends on nature, and finally it comes down to extinction. The ancients said, "Life and death are important things after all." How can it not make people sad?

Every time I see the reasons why my predecessors are so excited, they are consistent with my sigh. There is nothing I can't make clear in my mind without sighing their articles. It turns out that it is wrong to equate life and death, and it is wrong to equate longevity and short life. Future generations look at today's people just as today's people look at their predecessors. How pathetic! So write down the people who attended the meeting one by one and record the poems they made. Even though times have changed, things have changed, but the reasons for people's feelings are the same. Future readers will also be deeply touched by the poems of this gathering.

Precautions:

Yonghe: the year number of Sima Dan (Jin Mudi) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, AD 345-356 * * * 12. In the ninth year of Yonghe, there were 4 1 person such as Wang Xizhi, Xie An and Sun Chuo. Wang Xizhi wrote this preface to summarize his works after holding ceremonies and drinking and writing poems.

Late spring: March of the lunar calendar. Good evening. Good evening.

Meeting: Meeting.

KuáI jī: County name, now Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

Yin Shan: Today's Yuecheng District.

It's also a matter of ceremony. According to ancient customs, people gather at the water's edge to play and wash their hands on the fourth day of the third month of the lunar calendar (the third day of the third month after Wei Dynasty) in order to eliminate ominous and seek happiness. In fact, this is a kind of spring outing of the ancients.

Qunxian: There are many wise men and many capable people. Refers to Xie An and other 32 social celebrities. Xian: Adjectives are nouns.

Bi Zhi: Here we are. Bi, Quan and Du.

Shao Chang: For example, Wang Xizhi's sons Wang Ningzhi and Wang Huizhi are few; Xie An, Wang Xizhi and others are dragons.

Salty: Both.

Alpine: Alpine.

Xiuzhu: Gaozhu. Hugh, it looks tall.

Turbulence: Water with strong current.

Left and right of the belt: reflections are dotted around the pavilion. Reflect, set off, surround

Shāng Qu (qū) water: a glass made of lacquer is used to hold wine, which is put into a curved waterway and allowed to drift. When the glass stops in front of someone, someone will pick it up and drink it. This is a way for the ancients to persuade wine for fun. Flow, causative usage. Qushui, the diversion ring bends like a canal, and the glass flows.

The pillar is located next to it: the pillar is located by the winding water. Sit in rows, sit in rows. Second, next to the water.

The prosperity of the stringed instrument: the grand occasion of playing music. Sheng, grand.

Yong: Drinking and writing poems.

Deep or elegant feelings.

It's a day: this day.

Huifeng: gentle wind.

Harmonious and relaxed.

The prosperity of categories: the diversity of everything. Category refers to everything in nature.

So: used.

Cheng: Run a Mercedes. Extend to open and extend.

Extreme: exhausted.

Letter: Really.

Ladies photograph, pitch one: people interact with each other and spend their lives quickly. Honey, the first few words of the sentence are not translated. Get along, get along and communicate. Pitch indicates the brevity of time.

Take all: Take away from, take away from. ...

Enlightenment: face-to-face conversation. Enlightenment, through "shout", refers to the witty remarks of understanding.

Because of trust, go with the flow: only focus on what you like, trust your feelings, and live a free and unfettered life. Because, depend on, from. Send, entrust. What you trust and love. Wild, unrestrained, unrestrained. Skull, body, shape.

Fun (qǔ) Shewanshu: Everyone has his own hobbies. Interest, that is, choice, hobby. Fun, take "take". Very different.

Quiet: quiet, restless.

Temporary: short-lived, temporary.

Self-sufficiency: feeling happy and satisfied. of course， ......

I don't know that old age is coming: I don't know that old age is coming. From the Analects of Confucius: "He is also a human being. He forgets to eat when he is angry, but forgets to worry when he is happy. He doesn't know that he is old." There is "Zeng" before the sentence of a book.

Tired: Tired of (something you like or get). Go, go and arrive.

Emotions move with the times: feelings change with things. Move, change

Emotion Department: Emotion follows. Tie it, tie it.

Direction: past, past.

Old trace: old trace.

Embrace it: it evokes inner feelings. Because, because. Yes, it refers to "the history of centripetal ...". Xing, occurrence, cause.

Shortness and Shortness: The length of life depends on nature. Chemical, natural.

Period: to, and.

Life and death are also big things: life and death are big things. Language "Zhuangzi DE chong fu".

Device: symbol device, ancient token. Carve words on the contract and divide it into two parts, each holding half, as evidence.

Ji's mourning: reading ancient Chinese, sighing mourning. Face, face.

Y: I understand.

I know that the dead life is a false birth, and Peng Qi's mourning is an illusion: I know that it is not true to equate death with life, and it is also wrong to equate long life with short life. Of course, it was solid at first. First of all, treat ... the same; Qi, about ... because of equality, both are used as verbs. Fake birthdays, fake ridiculous words. Peng, Peng Zu, a man with a long life in ancient legends. Yes, a minor died. Make mistakes, make mistakes, talk nonsense. A life and death, Gibbon's return, is Zhuangzi's view. From "The Theory of Homogeneous Things".

List people: write down the people who attended the meeting one by one.

Record what they say: record their poems.

First, people's ideological interests are the same.

Audience of later generations: readers of later generations.

Sven: The poetry of this party.

Creative background:

In 353 AD (the ninth year of Jin Yonghe), on the third day of the third lunar month, Wang Xizhi held an elegant collection with 4 1 celebrities such as Gao Shi Xie An and Sun Chuo in Lanting, Huiji. Participants wrote poems, expressed their arms and copied them into collections. It is recommended that Wang Xizhi, the convener of this gathering, write a preface to record this elegant collection, that is, the preface to Lanting Collection.

Appreciate:

This article is the preface. The article begins with the repair of the wedge in Preface to Lanting Collection, because the repair of the wedge is actually the reason for writing poetry. It is useful to use "one poem and one chant are enough to talk about hidden feelings" to describe the situation when writing poems, and point out that Preface to Lanting Collection is a collection of poems for feasting, with many authors, and the poems are improvised; Finally, the writing process of this book is explained with the words "Therefore, the person who narrates the time is recorded", and the meaning of this book is pointed out with the words "People who read it later will feel gentle". At the same time, the author is good at using the topic, talking about his view of life and death from an ordinary banquet, criticizing the ideological tendency of the literati class advocating nothingness at that time, and making the whole article look extraordinary in conception. The full text is divided into three paragraphs.

The first paragraph of the article describes the grand occasion of the Lanting party and writes the deep affection of the participants.

First point out the time, place and reason of the party, and then introduce the number and scope of participants. "A group of sages arrive, and a few grow salty." Then write about the beautiful environment around Lanting. Write in the distance first: "Mountains and rivers, Maolin xiuzhu"; Then write "clean flow and turbulence" near the low place; Then always write a note: "Play around". Simple language. Poetic and picturesque. Based on the description of the scenery, the poems on the stream are introduced, and it is pointed out that the content of the grand ceremony is "one poem and one chant", "talking about bosom friends" and "although it is not as prosperous as a string", which is a pen set off by the opposite side and expresses the pleasing feelings with additional pictures. Finally, it is pointed out that the day of the event coincides with the weather, and "Clear Sky Wan Li" provides favorable conditions for the following "looking up" and "looking down"; Hui Feng He Chang echoes with The Beginning of Late Spring. The beautiful scenery here and now enables "looking up", "overlooking", "enjoying the scenery" and "audio-visual entertainment" to get rid of secular troubles, enjoy the beauty of nature to the fullest and express their thoughts. At this point, the author summed up the feelings of the participants as "music". The brushwork is concise and neat, with no traces of axe chisel.

In the second paragraph of the article, I expounded my views on life, and felt that life was too short and major events were rare. Following the word "Le" above, I felt all kinds of feelings.

First of all, use the word "or" to comment on the two different concrete manifestations of "people are facing each other and throwing their lives" from the positive and negative comparison. One is "with all your arms, one room understands words", and the other is "leaving waves because of entrustment" Then it is pointed out that although their performances are different, their mood is the same. That is, when they are happy with what they encounter, they will be "quick and self-sufficient", but "I don't know that old age is coming." This kind of feeling, which is aimed at the pleasure of the parties in the text, "extremely audio-visual and entertaining is enough", focuses on writing happiness and forgetting sadness. Then, with the joy of meeting, the sense of superiority of "feelings move with the times" is elicited, happiness leads to troubles, and the sigh of "change with the times, all shall be well." At this point, the article advances to the big question of life and death. Finally, the author quotes "Life and death are too great" in Zhuangzi Dechong Fu to sum up the whole passage and tell the "pain" in the author's heart.

The last paragraph explains the reason for the preface.

Following the discussion on the feeling of "it's good to come back from the dead" in the above article, starting from personal experience, the article points out that every time I find that "the reason why the old people were excited at that time" is exactly the same as my own, I can't help but mourn, but I can't tell you why. Then he turned to criticize Laozi and Zhuangzi's views on "a person's life and death" and "Peng Qizhi's sadness", thinking that this is completely "fake birth" and "fake works". Scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty highly praised Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi and liked empty talk of nihilism. Zhuangzi thought that all natural things "died after the gentleman" (Zhuangzi's theory of everything), and put Peng Zu, who lived a long life, on an equal footing with his children who died young, and thought that "Peng Zu died after he died". The author can go against the trend of the times. It is commendable to boldly deny this idea of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and then the author made a further inference from the facts from ancient times to the present: "Looking at the present in the future, now is still looking at the past." Based on this understanding, it just "lists the people and records their descriptions" for future generations to read. Although "things are different" in the future, "so I got pregnant. "Its consistency is also." This explains theoretically why the Preface to Lanting Collection was compiled. The last sentence explains the purpose of the preface, which aroused the feelings of future generations. The words are straightforward, but the feelings of development are endless.

This preface is concise, elegant and meaningful, which represents Wang Xizhi's prose style. And its words are exquisite and catchy. It is a masterpiece of ancient parallel prose. Preface to Lanting Collection has its own merits in several aspects of parallel prose. Syntactically, the antithesis is neat and the meaning of the sentence is parallel, such as "a group of wise men is perfect, and several are long and salty" and "the universe is big." Look down on the prosperity of the category ","or talk arm in arm; Or because of entrustment, let the waves go beyond the skeleton. "antithesis is relative, the rhyme is harmonious, there is no trace of axe chisel, the language is fresh, simple and natural. The text that belongs to the discussion part is also very concise and well expressed, and only simple allusions such as "Peng Qi's sorrow" and "mending the wedge" are used in the allusions. This simple style of writing is in sharp contrast with the gorgeous style of writing in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

About the author:

Wang Xizhi (303-36 1 year, 32 1-379), Han nationality, was a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as the "book saint". Originally from Langya (now Linyi, Shandong), he moved to Wuxi and lived in Jinting, Shan County (now Zhejiang) in his later years. Worked as a secretary, general Ningyuan, Jiangzhou secretariat. In the future, he will take a look at the internal history and lead the right general. His calligraphy is good at calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy, calligraphy. The style is peaceful and natural, the brushwork is euphemistic and subtle, and it is beautiful. The masterpiece Preface to Lanting is known as "the best running script in the world". In the history of calligraphy, he and his son Wang Xianzhi were called "two kings".