Ordinary people are good at reading classical Chinese.

1. Ordinary people are good at ancient poetry.

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Gold people with good interests will not enter the city. Grab something and say, "I can be ashamed, I can take it, I can give it, I can use it." Take yourself and go. City Bo (3) followed suit and insisted on the straight road (4). The Jin people said, "The interests are on fire and dazzling. Everything in the world is inherent to me. I wonder if it is used by me." You are my luck. If I have money, I will pay for it. "City uncle angry, whip it, take it. When someone was nearby, Jishou, Ren Jin cursed, "This world is more profitable than me. They often try their best to take it away. Wouldn't it be better if I took it for another day? "What is it?"

A greedy Kingman went to the market. Grab everything, saying that this thing can be eaten, this thing can be worn, and this thing can be (collected? ), I can use this ",take it and go. The official in charge of the market chased him out for money. That Kim said, I was just greedy and hot-headed, as if everything in the world was mine, and I didn't know it was his. Why don't you give it to me and I'll pay you back when I get rich. The official in charge of the market got angry, whipped him, took back what he had taken and left. While some people laughed at him, the Jin people pointed at him and scolded him: "Everyone in the world is more greedy than me, and they often try their best to rob property by conspiracy. I just grab it during the day, isn't it much better than them? "What's so funny?"

2. The topic of classical Chinese in Jin Dynasty is 1. Explain the following words. Solid: Originally going: Leaving is more serious than ... Sentences like this are also found in the texts we have studied, such as: He Louzhi has 3. Write the following sentence in modern Chinese, which means to catch yourself, that is, to go. The uncle in the city is very honest with him. He took it and left. The official in charge of the market came to ask him to pay. Is it bad for him that I still take days? I take things during the day, isn't it better than them? 4. The underlined sentences in the selected text are Jin people's counterattack against the chatterbox. Does his words make sense? Please talk about your opinion. A: No, because it looks better than theft on the surface, but the essence is the same. They all belong to theft.

3. The answer to Wei Linggong's and Yi's reading of classical Chinese is easy to be the general outline for emperors in history to listen to ministers' suggestions on governing the country, which is conducive to the long-term stability of the country; At the same time, timely exhort the monarch's words and deeds, so that the monarch can correct himself and win the hearts of the people. It is also an act of a benevolent monarch to listen to the advice of a wise minister. One winter, Wei Linggong, the monarch of Lu, ordered the mobilization of migrant workers to dig a big pond in the palace. It's very cold. People work very hard, but they dare not say it. Wan Chun, the minister, advised Wei Linggong: "It's so cold, it's really cold. I'm afraid it will hurt people. " Wei Linggong said disapprovingly, "I don't feel cold." Wan Chun said, "Princess, you are wearing a fur coat and sitting on a bearskin mat. There is a stove in your room. Of course, you won't feel cold. Now the clothes of ordinary people are worn out, and it is too late to mend shoes. You don't feel cold, but the people feel very cold! " Wei Linggong nodded approvingly: "Yes, I immediately ordered the shutdown." He immediately ordered to stop the pond restoration project. After Wan Chun excused himself, the attendants advised, "The monarch ordered migrant workers to dig ponds. If the people know that the project was stopped because Wan Chun advised Wang, they will be grateful to Wan Chun and resent you. I'm afraid this will be bad for the monarch! " Hearing this, Wei Linggong smiled faintly and said, "You worry too much. How come... Wan Chun is just a civilian in Lu, but I hired him, and the people know little about him. Now I want to let the people know him through this matter. And Wan Chun's kindness is just like mine. Isn't Wan Chun's goodness mine? " Can coach, Wei Linggong, at the beginning of the story, Wei Linggong's performance is to give orders, regardless of the feelings of the people, which is why he has been in a high position for a long time and is easily divorced from the working people ideologically. When a saint reminded him to "care about others" and put himself in others' shoes to consider right and wrong, he suddenly realized, immediately took action, ordered to stop work, and understood the sufferings of the people. Wei Linggong was also a benevolent monarch who corrected his mistakes in time. However, Wei Linggong did not covet the advantages of others, and he insisted that everyone know that all the virtuous ministers he chose had the virtue of loving the people. A wise monarch, with the help of sages, is a blessing to people all over the world. Confucius said; Your courtiers are courteous, and your courtiers are loyal. Wei Linggong listened to Wan Chun's outspoken advice, considered and adopted it, and announced the virtues of his courtiers to the world, which is in line with your courtesy. So it is inevitable that my courtiers will be loyal to him. If you are a monarch, you can always be kind and generous, which is the virtue of a saint and the blessing of all people in the world.

4. Read the answer (Zhang Xiaotian) When I went to Dujiangyan in Zhangxiaotian, as soon as I entered the Chengguan Expressway, a giant banner of "As Good as Water" came to my face.

Does this mean water? Is it to praise Dujiangyan? Or use water to compare people and promote a cultural spirit? The Minjiang River has hobbled all the way from the snow-capped mountains, bearing the high hopes of Li Shu and accompanying the vicissitudes of history. It is impossible for people to cross the same river at different times, which is probably the philosophical thinking that makes people feel frequently.

Goodness is the highest goodness. Water nourishes everything, makes everything grow, and never competes with everything, so Lao Tzu thinks that "goodness is like water."

This character is close to the highest and most sacred "Tao" in his heart. Before I left the pile of spewing snow waves, I seemed to see overlapping figures on the screen where the water mist scattered rainbow-like light, Du Fu, Cen Can and Lu You ... Their poems were read down through the ages.

For example, Leiyu Mountain is not a majestic mountain, but it is famous all over the world because of two poems by the poet: "The silk river with beautiful spring scenery floats between heaven and earth, like a cloud on the jade peak, between ancient times and the present." More than 2,200 years ago, Li Bing, the prefect of Shu County, "washed the beach with a low weir", and Dujiangyan, which was built by splitting mountains to divert water, was really the crystallization of human wisdom.

Historical records. According to the "Hequ Book", Li Bing chiseled away from the pile. "In the middle of Chengdu, the canal can be used for boating, and the rest can be irrigated, and the people can benefit from it."

Li Bing's boiling water, cutting off Leiyu Mountain, digging away from the pile and repairing the flying sand weir seem really primitive today. However, primitiveness also has its advantages.

It never pollutes the environment and never harms the ecology; It won't be as magical as a dam hundreds of meters high in a modern reservoir. It's also very disturbing.

Dujiangyan will not cut off the migration route of fish, and people do not need to fish up, send them to the reservoir above the dam to lay eggs, and then fish up the hatched young fish and send them back to the downstream. People are tired, so are fish.

Dujiangyan is a historical relic, which can not only prevent floods, but also irrigate. It is a myth that human beings use nature. At the same time, Zheng Guoqu has long been a relic that historians need to study, while Dujiangyan is still full of vitality, nourishing the people of the land of abundance.

No wonder Taoism respects Li Bing as "a wonderful source and a clear monarch", which coincides with the essence of Laozi's "being good as water". In Dujiangyan, there are two rivers flowing, the Ming River and the dark culture bred by flowing water.

Standing at the water's edge, listening to the deafening sound of the waves, watching the quiet water jump and run, my heart beats with the waves, and I am melted by the clear water, which is a crystal clear water. At the thought that the Yellow River will turn into a mud river, the Yangtze River will turn into a Yellow River and the Huaihe River will turn into a Heihe River, many lakes and coastal waters on which we live are in frequent emergencies. I am like a fish that is suffocating, and I have nowhere to live.

Where is the fountain of life? Where is the oasis of free breathing and rest? Ok, there is one in Dujiangyan. The original ecological Dujiangyan is clean and lasting, and Li Bing's scientific water control method of "dividing into four or six to relieve floods and droughts" makes it stay young forever and run calmly, becoming the nectar of thousands of lives.

Many successors of Li Bing will always follow in Li Bing's footsteps, dredging and repairing Dujiangyan day after day and year after year. Zhuge Liang, Gao Jian, Lu Yi, Altai, Ding Baozhen ... These officials who ensured the land of abundance was protected by drought and flood may not have set a monument of merit before their death, but later generations have feelings.

Today, they stand on both sides of Qianyan Road in Fulongguan for people to pay their respects. Dujiangyan made them, and they shared the same glory with Dujiangyan.

Farewell night. We are eating delicious seafood upstairs in the county, and it is a long-lost happiness outside the window.

⑴: What role do the three questions in the first part play in expressing the content of the article? (5 points) (5) The article says that Dujiangyan is "really the crystallization of human wisdom". What is the reason for the author's evaluation? (6 points) ⒔ This article is about Dujiangyan, but it is not good at description. Please specify its artistic features. (6 points) 5. Please explore which layers of meaning Dujiangyan contains "goodness as water".

(6 points) Refer to the answer ⒒(5 points) to lead out the full text, indicating the idea of the article from real to virtual, and stimulating readers to think. 5.(6 points) Because the construction of Dujiangyan ① has a correct concept: conform to nature, conform to ecology and benefit the people; (2) Methodological science: "low weir and deep beach scouring" and "four or six, flood control and drought resistance"; ③ Long-term effect: it is still playing the role of irrigation and flood control; ④ It embodies the philosophy of "being good as water".

⒔(6 o'clock) Use the method of combining discussion and lyricism. Expressing Dujiangyan's pursuit of the essence of traditional culture; Borrowing the past and writing the present: expressing concern about the real environmental problems through Dujiangyan; The combination of reality and reality: expressing thoughts on life through Dujiangyan.

⒕(6 points) Compare "doing good" with water, that is, Dujiangyan is a work of doing good; Li Bing, who built and maintained Dujiangyan, and his successors are good people. From this, it is concluded that it is right to be a good person and do good things. Try to read some literary texts.

Read and appreciate Chinese and foreign literary works. Understand the basic characteristics and main expression techniques of novels, essays, poems, plays and other literary genres.

Reading appreciation of literary works pays attention to aesthetic experience; Feel the image, taste the language, understand the connotation and analyze the artistic expression; Understand the social life and emotional world reflected in the works, and explore the national psychology and humanistic spirit contained in the works. The propositional materials are mainly essays and novels, and suitable poems or dramas can also be selected.

Sina.com said that "Zhang Xiaotian's works mainly reflect the current social life and discuss people's thoughts, emotions, morality, beliefs, legal system, human nature and other issues". Jilin Daily, published in September 2008, was about 3,700 words long, but it was reduced to 1000 words by the proposer.

However, the theme of the article is in line with Jiang Sujuan's persistent concern about modern civilization. From the highly developed media culture to "entertainment to death" (Curse of Pozmann in 2005) to the infinite yearning and praise for the hardworking, simple, positive and optimistic life of Guanzhong farmers (Wheat Field in 2006); From the praise and attachment to the infinitely beautiful farming civilization and the infinite regret that it will soon disappear (the picture of misty rain cows and egrets in 2007) to the eulogy of the simple beauty of rural human feelings and family ties in China (Hou Silversmith in 2008), the proposers of Jiangsu college entrance examination Chinese papers marched all the way to 2009, shouting for "primitive" and "original ecology".

5. Love reading answers love.

Forever 1 self-protection 2 travel well. One day, the water was very fierce, and there were five or six self-guards, so they went to Hunan by boat. Zhongji, if the ship is broken, it will do. One is to do your best for yourself and not to be different. His companion said, "You are the best swimmer. What are you going to do now? " Yue: "I have 1000 yuan, which is heavy. Let's talk about it later. " Say, "Why not!" No, shake its head. It is beneficial for the time being. Those who had saved themselves stood on the shore and shouted, "You are so stupid. Cover, you are dead. How can you afford it? " Shook his head again. Drowned.

I mourn it. And if so, do you have to drown the big goods to protect yourself?

[Note] ① Yong: the place name of the Tang Dynasty, now Yongzhou.

Self-protection: people, people. ③ Chang: The ancient unit of measurement, eight feet for seeking and sixteen feet for constant, here refers to peacetime. Four major goods: a lot of property.

5 big bully: a rich and powerful person. 1. Explain the words added in the sentence. (4 points)

① Always protect yourself from salt, and be good at swimming in salt: ② When the ship is broken, all swim in salt;

(3) After a while, it is good to be lazy: (4) Shake your head again. And drowned:

Answer 1 salty: both. ② Economy: Crossing the river. 3 laziness: fatigue. Therefore: So, just. The score of each question is 1 and ***4.

2. Translate the following sentences. (6 points)

(1) One is to do your best to protect yourself from being different.

② Why not go!

(3) You are such a fool and a cover!

One of them didn't swim far despite his best efforts. ② Why not throw it away? You are so stupid and unreasonable. The score is 2 points for each sentence and 6 points for * *. As long as it has the right meaning.

3. Why do people who fall into the water drown? What did he tell us? (4 points)

He refused to give up the money in his waist and drowned. It tells us not to value money too much, but to value life, or to know how to choose between money and life. The score is 2 points for each article and 4 points for * * *. As long as it has the right meaning.

6. Rope Skills Read the original answer in classical Chinese.

In the mid-Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, a batch of gifts were given to Zhoujun. Jiaxing county competes with the producer for the best skills with 100 plays. The director is particularly interested. From the words of the prison people and the prison cloud: "The drama of the party is not as good as the county department, and we will bear it. However, those who wait for us but can do something small and considerable will reap money and sighs. " It's a matter of mutual consultation. As for the craft of making tiles, it's all about asking for help. A prisoner in the prison said with a smile, "If someone has clumsy skills, he is confined to the detention system and cannot show anything about it." The official was surprised and said, "What can you do?" The prisoner said, "I know rope skills." The official said, "Of course, I should speak for you." For the supervisor, this is as white as a prisoner can be. The Lord called for a heavy sentence, and the official said, "This prisoner is tired and has not suffered, and he wants nothing more." The official said: "There are always people who have rope skills. Why are they so unusual?" The prisoner said, "What a person does is slightly different from others." The official asked again, "How?" The prisoner said, "Everyone's rope skills are tied at both ends, and then they stand on it and turn around. Some people just want a rope, as thick as a finger, 50 feet, without tying it. You can do anything by throwing it in the air and tossing it around. " The official was surprised and ordered to be included. Tomorrow, officials will lead the theater. Since all the plays were made, I called this man for the second time to let the rope technique work. So he took a ball of rope, counted it 100 feet, put it on the ground, and threw one end in the air. The rope was as strong as a pen. At first, he threw three or two feet, then four or five feet, as straight as a person holding it, which surprised everyone. Then I threw it more than twenty feet high, and there was no end in sight. The man followed the rope hand, left the ground, and threw the rope away in vain, like a bird, flying far away and looking empty. Get out of the way, on this day.

To annotate ...

(1) cross: refers to drinking together. In ancient times, there was a national festival, which was dedicated to gathering people to drink.

② Hundred operas: the general name of ancient acrobatics, music and dance performances. It was popular in Qin and Han Dynasties.

③ Supervision Department: the abbreviation of the local governor who has the power to supervise counties.

④ Yi: Legendary animal names are often painted on prison doors, so it is used as a synonym for prison.

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During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the emperor issued several imperial edicts and ordered all counties to hold big banquets. Jiaxing county magistrate prepared a variety show to compete with more skilled supervisors. Prison officials are particularly eager to take part in the competition. At that time, the prison guard told the jailer: "If our juggling is worse than that in the county, we will be severely punished. If we can have a better one, we will be rewarded. Unfortunately, we can't do it. " They asked each other and began to look for talented people in prison. Someone who can make gadgets recommended himself. At this time, a prisoner in the prison smiled and said, "I'm a little clumsy, but I'm in custody now, so I can't show anything." The jailer asked in surprise, "What skills do you know?" The prisoner replied, "I know rope skills." The jailer said, "Well, I'll tell you something." So the jailer told the supervisor about the prisoner's talent. The supervisor asked the man how serious his crime was, and the jailer replied, "This man was dragged into the water by others, but he stole some taxes and nothing else." The prison official said, "Many people know rope skills. Is there anything particularly strange? " The prisoner said, "My rope skills are different from others." The prison officer asked again, "What's the difference?" The prisoner said, "other people's rope skills are to tie the two ends of the rope and then stand on the rope and walk or turn around." All I need is a rope, as thick as a finger and 50 feet long. No need to tie, no need to throw it into the air, prance and fly, no action I can't perform. "The prison officer was very surprised and asked to write down this person. The next day, the jailer took the prisoner to the theater, and other programs had already started, and then he was called to perform. I saw this man holding a rope ball more than 100 feet long, putting it on the ground and throwing a rope head into the air. The rope was straight. At first, I threw two or three feet, and then I got four or five feet. The rope was straight, as if someone was holding it, and everyone was surprised. Later, he was thrown more than twenty feet. When he looked up, he couldn't see the end of the rope, so the man held the rope in his hand and left the ground. Finally, he threw away the rope and flew higher and higher in the air like a bird. He took the opportunity to escape from prison that day.

7. The sad preface always reads the answer. One day, the water was very fierce, and five or six people went to Hunan by boat. Zhongji, if the ship is broken, it will do. One is to do your best and not be different. His companion said, "You are the best swimmer. What are you going to do now? " Yue: "I have 1000 yuan, which is heavy. Let's talk about it later. " He said, "Why not go there?" No, shake its head. It is beneficial for the time being. Those who had saved themselves stood on the shore and shouted, "You are so stupid. Cover, you are dead. How can you afford it? " He shook his head again and drowned. I mourn it. And if so, do you have to drown the big goods to protect yourself? So I wrote "mourning".

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Yongzhou people are good at swimming. One day, the river suddenly rose, and five or six people crossed the Xiangjiang River by boat. When crossing the river, the boat broke down and everyone began to swim. One of them tried to swim, but he still couldn't swim far. His companion said, "You are the best swimmer. Why are you behind now? " He said, "I have a thousand pence wrapped around my waist, which is very heavy, so I am behind." The companion said, "Why not throw it away?" He didn't answer and shook his head. After a while, he was more tired. All the people who swam across the river stood on the shore, shouting, "You are stupid to the extreme, ignorant to the extreme, and you are drowning. What do you need money for? " He shook his head again. So he drowned. I feel very sad about this. If so, wouldn't Italy drown a big man? So I wrote "mourning".

meaning

This article satirizes those who are blinded by interests in the world, and then warns some greedy people that if they don't wake up and look back, they will die in vanity fair.

"Mourning" means mourning for the drowning person. The reason for saying "mourning" is that the author laments that the drowning person can't wake up after he dies. The greed for money made him lose his attention to life, which caused the author's feeling that "Italy drowned a great man", thus expressing his concern and irony for those who were greedy for fame and fortune in officialdom!

The meaning of a word

Xian: Du, Ji: Du. Go, discard

Through positive description and side comparison, this paper depicts the drowning man's mentality of "wanting money instead of life" and reveals his pursuit and choice orientation between wealth and life-that is, "giving up life instead of wealth"

23. Explain the following additional words.

(1) The water is fierce () (2) Get rid of Hunan water by boat () (3) What will happen now? (4) Idle around

24. Translate underlined sentences in the text.

(1) One is to do your best to protect yourself from being different. ___________________________

(2) body and death, how to make money. ________

25. What is the meaning of "mourning" in the title? What is the reason for "mourning"? Please give a brief answer.

Answer 23. (1) Rise (2) Cross (3) Fall behind (4) Tired (l) Although one of them paddled hard, he could not make much progress. (2) If you are going to die, what do you need money for?

25. Feel sad and sorry for the drowning person. (2) This man is stupid, and he wants money without killing himself.

8. Interpretation of the content of Jin Hao's interests [Edit this paragraph] original text

Gold people with good interests will not enter the city. When I saw something, I grabbed it and said, "I'm ashamed: I can take it with me, I can afford it, I can afford it."

And ... To catch yourself is to go to Uncle Shi, and let him go directly to Uncle Shi: a market management official. Straight: Being both' values', the Jin people said: "When my interests are blazing and dazzling, everything in the world is inherent, and I wonder if it is something else. You are lucky to be with me: if I am rich, I will pay for it. " Uncle cheng is angry, whips it and takes it away. There is a whisper nearby: pronounced shěn, mocking, and the golden rooster scolds: "The whole world is better than me and often wants to take it away. If I still carry the sky, isn't it better than others? " What is it! "

[Edit this paragraph] Translation

A greedy man came to the market in Jin State. Take something and say, "I can eat this, I can wear this, I can use this, I can eat this vessel, I can wear this, I can use this, I can take this." Take it and leave. Market management officials rushed to ask him to pay. Jin people said: "When I am particularly greedy, my eyes are dizzy and my fire flies. Everything in the world seems to belong to me, and I don't know if it belongs to others. You give it to me, and I will pay you back if I have money. " The market management official was very angry, flogged him, took back what he had taken, and then left. Someone laughed at him, and Jin Man pointed at him and scolded him: "The world is more greedy for benefits than I am, and often tries every means to secretly compete for benefits. Wouldn't it be better if I took things during the day? " There is nothing to laugh at! "

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