What are the precautions for traveling to Myanmar?

The average annual temperature in Myanmar is about 26-36℃. The whole year is divided into dry season and rainy season. The dry season is 10 to April of the following year. The dry season is the golden tourist season in Myanmar, and the weather is fine. Tourists need to bring their own sunscreen, sunglasses, sun hats and other items, but the weather is very hot at the end of the dry season, and only the plateau where Mosaic Lake is located is cooler. The rainy season is from May to early September, and there is more rain in southern Myanmar such as Yangon. Visitors are advised to bring rain gear.

Second, mobile phones and calling cards.

You can buy a short-term SIM card in Myanmar, about 20-25 dollars. China Mobile's calling card can make calls in Myanmar after roaming internationally, but it can't send and receive short messages. Unicom calling card can only be used after 3G number international roaming, but it is expensive and the network is poor. In cafes, restaurants and hotels, you can use Wi-Fi and another network calling tool (such as WeChat or QQ) instead of telephone, but the network speed is very slow, and you can also make international calls in Internet cafes (1000K-2000K/ min).

Third, accommodation.

The main destinations for traveling to Myanmar are Yangon and Mandalay, so accommodation is also in these two cities. Since the privatization of the hotel industry in Myanmar, hotels and hostels in Yangon have mushroomed and the price competition is fierce. There are many restaurants and hotels with reasonable prices in the urban area, and the food and transportation are very convenient.

Please book a hotel online before going to Myanmar. You can make a reservation in advance through Qiao Hao. Highly recommended, affordable and easy to use. Booking and agoda are very popular I found it by accident when Baidu searched for convenient places to travel in Baixian County. When I booked on BOOKING before, its internet speed was very slow. Looking at the location of each hotel is very tired, confused and dizzy. Later, I found Jojo. Com on Baidu. It is convenient for them to sort out the location of the hotel at a glance. This is really useful for people who have never been there.

Fourth, the network.

Now Myanmar is not as difficult to surf the Internet as it was written in the Raiders a few years ago. Many restaurants offer free WIFI. You can enjoy WIFI (about 1000kyat) by ordering a good drink, and many hotels also provide free WIFI. Internet cafes are everywhere, and the internet is about 500k/ hour.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) exchange

The unit of Myanmar currency is kyat, abbreviated as "K" and pronounced as (jia). Myanmar's currency is mainly used locally, so is the US dollar, and RMB can be used on the border between China and Myanmar. Myanmar currency exchange rate fluctuates frequently, and the exchange rate is different every day. You need to bring US dollars to Myanmar, and the bank in the airport lobby can exchange local currency in Myanmar. Myanmar's banking industry is underdeveloped, and people usually buy gold to preserve their value and avoid depositing money in banks. Due to the long-term western financial sanctions, Myanmar's domestic financial services lag behind, and most commercial trade and personal purchases are cash transactions. The most commonly used foreign currencies are dollars and euros. New, unfolded and unfolded dollars are needed, and these requirements can be put forward when domestic banks exchange them. Renminbi is basically useless in the local area. Local accommodation, tickets and air tickets must be paid in US dollars, and scattered expenses such as buses can be paid in Myanmar currency, or taxis can be used. You can also exchange euros in Myanmar.

You can change US dollars into Burmese dollars in the airport lobby and bank, or in the hotel, but the exchange rate is lower. Now there is no need to change money in Aung San market, and the exchange rate between banks and airports is already very good. The face value of Myanmar coins is too small to be used basically, and the banknotes of 10, 20 and 10000kyat are also rare. Usually 50,100,200,1000,5000 is more common. I really don't have money to change, holding bundles of money. Burmese people have strict requirements on the high standard of the US dollar, and they need the version after 2006, without creases, imprints, color differences and so on. The staff will check every banknote like a handicraft, and almost all the newly printed dollars handed over by everyone have been returned, including the logo seals of small banks that many domestic banks said they would have.

Precautions for exchange:

Banks in Myanmar cannot exchange foreign currency on weekends. In Myanmar, cash payment is basically used. Tickets for hotels and scenic spots should be paid in dollars, but car rental, shopping and eating in small restaurants should be paid in kyat. Please pay attention to bring enough cash. The US dollar used should be the version after 2006, and there should be no creases, graffiti and chromatic aberration (that is, it is best to be brand new, and attention should be paid to domestic money exchange). Before leaving the country, you should change large sums of kyats into dollars, and you can't take them with you. Banks in Myanmar are closed on Saturday and Sunday, so they can't exchange foreign exchange. The local exchange rate for renting cars and booking hotels next to them is slightly worse. Myanmar once issued "Foreign Exchange Certificates (FEC)" to replace US dollar cash. In theory, its citizens are not allowed to use US dollars in cash, but now they rarely see foreign exchange certificates. Myanmar currency cannot be taken out of Myanmar.

Sixth, UnionPay

UnionPay cards can withdraw money from the ATM of CB Bank, and there are several in Myanmar and Mandalay. However, Myanmar unilaterally charges a handling fee of 5000K K, and it is not cost-effective to calculate the exchange rate and directly exchange it for US dollars.

Seven, credit card

The use of bank cards has not been popularized in Myanmar. Few big hotels can use credit cards, some ATMs can use VISA cards to withdraw cash, and other consumption basically needs direct cash payment. So pay attention to bring enough cash.

Eight, tips

There is no habit of tipping in Myanmar, so don't consider it, but restaurants charge 10% government tax.

Nine. Visa and entry and exit

Myanmar has resumed the policy of visa on arrival at the airport. China citizens who take international flights from the airport port to Myanmar can apply for visas on arrival at the port of entry in Myanmar without an invitation letter and other documents. If you enter Myanmar by land or water, you still need to apply for a tourist visa in advance in China. Moreover, the Myanmar tourist visa is valid for only one month and can be handled at the Myanmar Embassy in Beijing, the Consulate General in Nanning and the Consulate General in Kunming.

X. Important recommendations

Before starting to visit the scenic spots, it is best to ask the hotel waiter to write down the hotel address and the name of the scenic spots to be visited in Burmese, so as to facilitate communication with the locals.

You can bargain with a calculator when shopping, but don't buy it after you have negotiated the price.

Myanmar does not have a perfect tap water filtration treatment system, so it is best to buy bottled water or bottled water for drinking water.

Don't litter (this is easy to say, but many people find it difficult to insist).

Try to bring your own toiletries and don't use disposable tableware in the hotel.

When shooting local people, please ask the other party's permission first.

In Myanmar, rights are the most important. It's best to deliver goods with your right hand, and avoid using your left hand.

Burmese believe that the head is the most sacred part of the body. Don't touch the heads of adults or children at will, and don't point fingers at people.

You can't wear short skirts, shorts and sleeveless shirts when you enter the temple. You should take off your shoes and socks.

Ladies' sarongs should not be hung on people's heads, and underwear should not be hung on balconies, yards and other conspicuous positions.

I. Introduction of Myanmar:

* * * Republic of Myanmar (English: The Republic of Myanmar of the Union of Myanmar), referred to as Myanmar for short. It is a country in Southeast Asia and a member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. It borders the Andaman Sea in the southwest, India and Bangladesh in the northwest, China in the northeast and Thailand and Laos in the southeast. The capital is Naypyidaw.

Myanmar is an ancient civilization with a long history, formerly known as Hongshawadi. 1044 After the formation of the unified country, it experienced four feudal dynasties: Bagan, Bo Gu, Soochow and Gongbang. From 1824 to 1885, Britain launched three wars of aggression against Myanmar and occupied it. 1886, Britain designated Myanmar as a province of British India.

1948 65438+1On October 4th, Myanmar declared its independence from the Commonwealth and established the Union of Myanmar. 1974 65438+ 10 was renamed as the Socialist Republic of Myanmar. 1In July 1988, demonstrations broke out in various parts of Myanmar due to the deterioration of the economic situation. On September 18 of the same year, soldiers headed by General Maung Saw, Minister of National Defense, took over the political power, established the State Law and Order Restoration Committee (1997 was renamed Myanmar State Peace and Development Committee), announced the abolition of the Constitution, and dissolved the People's Assembly and state power organs. 1988 On September 23rd, the country name was changed from "Socialist Republic of Myanmar" to "Union of Myanmar". In May 2008, the Constitution of the Union of Myanmar and the new Constitution were adopted, which stipulated the implementation of the presidential system. Myanmar held a multi-party national election in 20 10 according to the new constitution. On February 4, 20 1 1, the National Assembly of Myanmar elected Thein Sein as the first president of Myanmar. On March 201June 15, Myanmar's federal parliament elected Wu Tingjue as Myanmar's first civilian elected president in more than half a century.

In 2005, the Myanmar government moved the capital from Yangon, the largest city, to Naypyidaw (formerly known as Binmana). Myanmar is a country dominated by agriculture. More than 60% of the population is engaged in agriculture, and agricultural products include rice, wheat and sugarcane.

Second, the location:

Myanmar Myanmar is located in the southeast of Asia and the west of Indochina Peninsula. The north and northeast are bordered by China, Tibet and Yunnan. The border between China and Myanmar is about 2 185 km, of which the Yunnan-Myanmar section is 1997 km. Laos and Thailand are adjacent to the east, and the length of the Myanmar-Thailand border is 1799 km and 238 km respectively.

Myanmar borders India and Bangladesh in the west. Myanmar borders the Andaman Sea in the south and the Bay of Bengal in the southwest, with a total coastline of 2,655 kilometers. Myanmar is rhombic, about 2090 kilometers long from north to south and 925 kilometers wide from east to west. Cape Victoria at the southern tip of Myanmar is located at 10 degrees north latitude, and the Myanmar-China border line north of Grape at the northern tip is located at 28 degrees north latitude. Most of Myanmar is south of the Tropic of Cancer and belongs to the tropical region. Mengdu in the westernmost part of Myanmar is near the 92nd longitude line, and the Mekong River, the border river between Myanmar and Laos at the eastern end, is near the10/longitude line. Yangon and Mandalay, the second largest city, are on the line of 96 degrees east longitude. The standard time in Myanmar is 96 degrees east longitude.

Third, the terrain:

Myanmar covers an area of about 678,500 square kilometers with a coastline of 3,200 kilometers. The terrain is high in the north and low in the south. The north, west and east are surrounded by mountains. There are high mountains in the north, Naga Mountain and Rakhine Mountain in the west, and Shan Plateau in the east. Kekabo Peak near the border of China is 588 1 m above sea level, which is the highest peak in China. Between the western mountainous area and the eastern plateau is the Irrawaddy River alluvial plain with low and flat terrain.

Fourth, climate.

Most areas have a tropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 27 degrees. The extreme maximum temperature in Mandalay exceeds 40 degrees. 65438+ 10 is the lowest month in a year. The average temperature is above 20 degrees; April is the hottest month, with an average temperature of around 30 degrees. Rainfall varies from place to place, ranging from 500- 1000mm in inland arid areas to 3000-5000mm in mountainous and coastal rainy areas.

Verb (short for verb) mineral

Myanmar is rich in mineral resources, including oil, natural gas, tungsten, tin, lead, silver, nickel, antimony, gold, iron, chromium and jade.

Oil is one of the important economic resources in Myanmar. Before the war, oil was the largest mining industry in Myanmar, with the highest annual output of about 6,543,800 tons. Oil is distributed in yenangyaung, Shaobu, Xingu, Ren 'anjia, Lanyo, Minbu, Palanyon, Yodaya, Dandai, Bidaobin, Renmaan, Yingdao, Yanbiao (Langli Island) and the southern islands of Sittwe in the middle and lower reaches of the Irrawaddy River. After 1960, oil was discovered in Ayado, Mianang, Beimu, Ribeida, Oman and Libando. In the late 1980s, Myanmar implemented the open policy, and the government successively signed contracts with nine oil companies from South Korea, the Netherlands, Australia, Canada, the United States, Japan and the United Kingdom to explore oil and gas in Motama Continental Shelf, Mahlman, Rakhine Valley and Chindun River, respectively, and achieved gratifying results.

Non-ferrous metals such as gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten and manganese are widely distributed in Myanmar, only from northern Kachin State to southern Telindayi, among which:

Gold is distributed in Mako and Xiadusai in Kachin State, near Banmao in Sagaing Province, and Mengmi and Gru in Shan State.

Silver-lead ores are distributed in southeastern Kachin State and along the Enmeikai River, as well as in Bolton, Shan State, Boli, Kyaukphyu, mandalay province, Gauldu, Dijaya, Kayin State and Tuwa in Telindayi Province.

Tin-tungsten mixed ores are mainly distributed in the east of Shan State, Mochi in Kaye State, Tongzhi in Karen State, Mulman and Tuwa in Delindayi Province and Moji.

Zinc and manganese are distributed in the south of Shan State.

Antimony is distributed in the northwest, north and east of Shan, Kaye and Karen States.

Botton (Baldwin) in Shan State is a polymetallic mining area with gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and antimony. Before World War II, there were nearly 3,000 underground workers in this mining area. The mine was destroyed during the war, and it was not restored until 195 1 year later.

Mochi mine in Kayabang mainly produces tin and tungsten. Although it is not as big as Burton, its tungsten output ranks first in China. Before the war, the mine produced more than 5,500 tons of tin and tungsten, accounting for half of the national output, and half was produced in Tuva and Moggi.

Iron is distributed in the upper reaches of Enmeikai River, northwest of Shan State and east of Mandalay. 196 1 In June, Myanmar Petroleum and Mineral Exploration Company and German Berengeyu Company discovered an iron mine with a reserve of 63 million tons in Bai Bin near Dongzhi, with an iron content of 53%.

Coal Myanmar is not rich in coal resources, but there are coal in Tuwa, Yingdi, Mao Rui, Du Nan of Shan State, Gru, parts of Kachin State, eastern Mandalay, Sittwe of Rakhine State and Telindayi Moji. 196 1 June, a coal mine with a reserve of 65438+28 million tons was discovered in Gariwa.

Myanmar is a famous producer of precious stones and jade in the world. The main producing area of gemstones is Gumu, where rubies and sapphires abound. 1989, a new gem producing area was discovered in Bingnong Village, Dunan, Shan State, and the Myanmar government designated the area around Bingnong as the national exclusive gem producing area. Jade mines are distributed in northern Kachin State, and the main producing areas are Meng Gong, Gambaidi, Nongken and Pagan. Diamonds are mainly produced near Jingduo Village in Mengmi Town.

Forest of intransitive verbs

Myanmar is one of the countries with the widest forest distribution in the world. 1994, the total forest area in Myanmar (including 43% closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation and 30% sparse forests) was 34.42 million hm2, accounting for 5 1% of the total land area, and the forest coverage rate was about 52.3%.

Myanmar is rich in forest resources. By the mid-1990s, 65,438+0,347 tall tree species, 7,465,438+0 small trees, 65,438+0,696 shrubs, 96 bamboo plants, 36 lianas and 8,465,438+0 flower plants had been discovered. Of the 2088 tree species, 85 are used for wood production for various purposes.

Seven. Matters needing attention in Myanmar tourism

1. Myanmar is a country with very unpredictable visa policy. You'd better call the embassy to confirm.

2. Burmese people pay great attention to soup, and almost every meal has soup. Sometimes they should have some soup between meals. They think soup is nutritious and not greasy. In Myanmar, the best food is all kinds of fruits, which are cheap and delicious. There are many unripe fruits, which are not delicious when eaten raw, but taste much better when cooked. For example, there is a fist-sized fruit called Abacado, which is extremely greasy when eaten raw, but it is delicious when squeezed into juice with sugar and water. Besides fruit juice, Burmese people also like to drink tea, especially "China tea". Many people prepare a pot of hot water around them from morning till night, ready to make tea at any time.

As Myanmar is a Buddhist country, there are many pagodas in Bagan. The custom here is to take off your shoes when visiting the stupa, which is a respect for the Buddha. So it is necessary to prepare a pair of slippers when traveling in Bagan.

4. Burmese people don't eat beef and worship cows infinitely. In the past, cattle were not allowed to be whipped, let alone killed. Pedestrians and vehicles of Lu Yu "Shenniu" should avoid, which will also bring delicious food to the "Shenniu". Therefore, when eating in a Burmese restaurant, avoid asking about beef dishes.

In Myanmar, only women smoke. You may be frightened by their heavy smoke.

6. The postal system in Myanmar is relatively developed. The price of sending postcards from Myanmar to any part of the world is 50 kyats. If you want to send a bigger package, you can go to DHL and send it anywhere except the United States.

7. Myanmar's overall material and economic level is relatively low, and its sanitary conditions are not very good, especially in its daily diet, where many fruits and vegetables are eaten raw. It is recommended to take some commonly used drugs with you, such as antidiarrheal drugs and cold medicines. In the dry season, the climate is hot and there are many mosquitoes. If you go to Yinse Lake, you need to bring some mosquito repellent to avoid disease. Try to drink bottled water if conditions permit.