Cultivation techniques of Zizhenxiang grape

1, which is suitable for planting in shed and hedge. Winter pruning is mainly based on short branches and middle branches, combined with ultra-short branches. 2. When the fertilizer and water supply is sufficient, Zizhenxiang is luxuriant in branches and leaves, and attention should be paid to controlling the tree potential and maintaining moderate prosperity during the young tree period. Fertilization is mainly based on high-quality farmyard manure, with a dosage of 5000 kg per mu. No or little use of chemical fertilizers. In July and August, 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed every 10- 15 days to promote the maturity of branches and enter the high-yield period in time.

3. When planting, the shed with 1-2 vines should be used, with the vine spacing of 60cm, the plant spacing of 0.6-1.2m and the row spacing of 4m. In summer, the fruiting branches are re-nucleated. One week before flowering, leave 1-2 leaves before inflorescence and 8-9 leaves before vegetative branches. After planting for 3 years, the tree can keep more fruit ears, each long rice vine has 6-7 new shoots and 3-4 fruiting branches, each fruiting branch has 1-2 fruit ears, the average ear weight is 400g, and the single grain weight is more than10g. It was listed in Shenyang in mid-August, and the yield per mu was controlled at 1500-

4. Zizhenxiang varieties have strong disease resistance. Before the fruit ripens, it is mainly sprayed with the same amount of 200 times Bordeaux solution for 2-3 times. In case of rainy years, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of downy mildew. Once the disease occurs, it can be sprayed 800 times with 25% poisonous bacteria solution, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of scarab when the fruit is ripe.

5. Because of its strong resistance and wide adaptability, it takes about 1 10 days from germination to full maturity, 20 days earlier than Kyoho. Normal soil fertilizer and water management and pest control measures can achieve high yield, high quality and high efficiency. Seedless cultivation techniques

First, the requirements of fixed-branch and whole-ear planting are to maintain the strength and uniform distribution, and to maintain 10- 12 robust new shoots per square meter, pick the core before flowering, remove the secondary ear and pinch the ear tip. To remove the secondary ear, it is required to remove the ear and the top 2-3 secondary ears, and pinch the tip of the ear slightly to reach 1/6- 1/8 of the whole ear, so that the ear size is consistent, the fruit grains are dense and convenient to transport.

Second, the ear is soaked with medicine.

A * * * bubble twice. Soak the inflorescence 2- 15 days before the first flowering, and add 5 kg of water per 100 ml of medicine. Soak the ear for 5 days after the second flowering, add 7.5 kg of water per 100 ml of medicine, put the diluted seedless agent into a medicinal beaker or a large plastic bottle, and press the ear into the liquid medicine one by one. Generally, it takes 10- 15 seconds to soak an ear, and each person can soak an acre of land a day. Watch the weather when soaking medicine. If it rains within six hours, we should soak it again.

Third, the management after drug soaking.

1, Pruning: After soaking for the second time, prune the ear again, thinning out the fruit grains that are too dense and inconsistent with the whole ear, so as to make the fruit grains neat and beautiful and improve the commodity. 2. Bagging: After pruning, spray the ear with fungicide again. Choose fungicides with longer efficacy, such as pesticides with better effect, and bag them in time after spraying. 3. Increase the leaf area: seedless cultivation needs a strong tree and increase the number of leaves. After fruit setting, the new branch or secondary branch should be extended to make the whole new branch larger than 1 m.

Fourth, fertilizer and water management.

Compared with conventional cultivation, seedless cultivation can shorten the flowering period to maturity by 20-25 days, and increase the fruit setting rate by 1-3 times. At the same time, because seed reproduction cannot produce growth hormone, a lot of water and fertilizer are needed to meet the growth needs. Generally, fertilizer for accelerating germination, fertilizer before flowering, fertilizer after flowering, fruit expansion fertilizer, coloring fertilizer and autumn base fertilizer should be applied all year round, with nitrogen fertilizer as the main fertilizer for the first four times and nitrogen fertilizer for the second time.

Five, pest control

Because Zizhenxiang grapes ripen early after taking medicine, they can generally be harvested before the rainy season, and the pests and diseases are very light. It only takes a few shots of Bordeaux mixture to protect the leaves.

There are three taboos in management.

Avoid grafting old trees. Grafting of old trees will lead to the excessive growth of scions, which is difficult to control in 3-5 years. This kind of tree has serious flowering and fruit drop and low yield. Zizhenxiang grape is better cultivated by self-rooted seedlings.

Second, avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. Zizhenxiang grape is very sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer. If the amount is slightly larger, it will cause the new shoots to grow white and the trees to be too vigorous, and it will also cause flowers and fruits to fall and affect the yield. It is best to apply enough soil miscellaneous fertilizer in autumn, 50 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer can be applied per mu during fruit expansion period, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate can be applied per mu about 25 days before fruit ripening.

Three bogeys are too late. An ordinary European and American hybrid can leave 10- 15 leaves directly before flowering. But if Zizhenxiang is so thoughtful, it will cause serious falling flowers and fruits. It's best to pick your heart twice. For the first time 1 time, leave 3-5 leaves on the ear 3-5 days before flowering to inhibit the vigorous growth of its branches and promote the normal development of its flowers. The second time is the secondary bud from the previous coring, and 8- 1 1 leaves are left for coring after binding.