Greenland region

Greenland covers an area of about 2 166000 square kilometers.

Greenland, located in the northeast of North America, is one of the autonomous territories of Denmark (the other is the Faroe Islands) and the largest island in the world, with an area of 2166,313.54 square kilometers. Greenland is located at the junction of North America and Europe, connecting the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean, facing Canada across the Strait in the west, the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the south and Iceland in Europe across the sea in the east.

It reaches Piridi in the north and Cape Farwell in the south, with a distance of 2,574 kilometers, the widest point of about 1.290 kilometers and the coastline of more than 35,000 kilometers. As a territory of Denmark, the capital Nuuk (Saint Gotha) is dominated by residents. The island is cold all year round and has a typical polar climate. The summer temperature in coastal areas can reach above zero, while the inland parts are frozen all the year round, accounting for more than 80% of the island.

Climatic characteristics of Greenland

Greenland has a cold polar climate, which is deeply influenced by the cold current of the Arctic Ocean and the polar easterly wind. The cold current of East Greenland goes south along the east coast of Greenland, and the warm current of West Greenland goes north along the west coast of Greenland, which makes the temperature on the west side of Greenland higher than that on the east side. The inland of the island is covered with a huge ice sheet and belongs to a cold polar ice sheet climate. Due to the dry climate and low snowfall, it is difficult to form ice sheets on the northern and northeastern coasts.

But the temperature is still extremely low, and most of the ground is bare rock, which is a barren polar desert climate. Influenced by the west Greenland warm current, the temperature in the south of the west coast is slightly higher, the climate is mild, there is no ice sheet, and there is permafrost. Its surface will melt in summer, and lichens and low grass will grow on the ground. Here is the polar tundra climate, which is the most pleasant place in Greenland. Most residents of the island live in the southwest coastal area.

1 Monthly average temperature -47.2℃, July average temperature-12.2℃. There is a continuous layer of cold air over the icy inland of the island, and there is often a low-pressure air mass moving from west to east above the cold air, which causes the weather to change rapidly, sometimes sunny and sometimes snowy. In winter (65438+1October), the average temperature in the south is MINUS 6℃, in the north is MINUS 35℃, in summer (July), the average temperature in the southwest coast is 8℃, and in the northernmost summer it is 3.6℃.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Greenland